IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF ALASKA

JESSICA REIMANN, Plaintiff, v. Case No. 3:22-cv-00191-SLG TRACY TUCKER and MAUREEN MCNAMARA, Defendants.

ORDER OF DISMISSAL

I. Background On August 26, 2022, Jessica Reimann, a self-represented litigant (“Plaintiff”), filed a Complaint for Violation of Civil Rights (Non-Prisoner Complaint) (“Complaint”), a Civil Cover Sheet, and an Application to Waive Prepayment of the Filing Fee.1 The Court screened the Complaint, found it deficient, but granted Plaintiff leave to file an amended Complaint on the Court’s form or provide the Court with a Notice of Voluntary Dismissal by January 23, 2023.2 As of the date of this order, Plaintiff has not responded to the Screening Order.

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1 Dockets 1-3. The Court granted Plaintiff’s Application to Waive Prepayment of the Fees and Costs. See Docket 4. 2 Docket 4. II. Discussion Rule 41(b) of Federal Rules of Civil Procedure permits dismissal due to a plaintiff’s failure to prosecute or comply with a court order. In deciding whether to

dismiss on this basis, a district court considers five factors: “(1) the public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation; (2) the court’s need to manage its docket; (3) the risk of prejudice to the defendants; (4) the public policy favoring disposition of cases on their merits; and (5) the availability of less drastic sanctions.”3 Here, the first two factors — the public’s interest in expeditious resolution of

litigation and the Court's need to manage its docket — weigh in favor of dismissal. Plaintiff’s failure to file an Amended Complaint or Notice of Voluntary Dismissal within the specified timeline suggests Plaintiff does not intend to litigate this action diligently.4 Further, a presumption of prejudice to a defendant arises when the plaintiff unreasonably delays prosecution of an action.5 Because Plaintiff has not

offered any justifiable reason for failing to meet the Court’s deadline, the third factor also favors dismissal.6

3 Hernandez v. City of El Monte,

, 399 (quoting Henderson v. Duncan,

(9th Cir. 1986). 4 Morris v. Morgan Stanley & Co.,

(9th Cir. 1991) (a plaintiff has the burden “to move toward... disposition at a reasonable pace, and to refrain from dilatory and evasive tactics”). 5 Anderson v. Air West,

(9th Cir. 1976). 6 See, e.g., Hernandez v. City of El Monte,

(9th Cir. 1998) (reiterating that the burden of production shifts to the defendant to show at least some actual prejudice only after the plaintiff has given a non-frivolous excuse for delay). Case No. 3:22-cv-00191-SLG The fourth factor usually weighs against dismissal because public policy favors disposition on the merits.7 However, “this factor lends little support to a party whose responsibility it is to move a case toward disposition on the merits but

whose conduct impedes progress in that direction,”8 which is the case here. The fifth factor is comprised of three subparts, which include “whether the court has considered lesser sanctions, whether it tried them, and whether it warned the [uncooperative] party about the possibility of case-dispositive sanctions.”9 The Court’s Screening Order accorded Plaintiff an opportunity to file an Amended

Complaint and warned her of the potential dismissal of this action in the event of noncompliance. Based on the foregoing, this case must be dismissed. Dismissal without prejudice “minimizes prejudice to a defendant and preserves a plaintiff’s ability to seek relief.”10 The Court finds no other lesser sanction to be satisfactory or

effective at this juncture.11

7 Pagtalunan v. Galaza,

(9th Cir. 2002). 8 In re Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) Products Liability Litigation,

(9th Cir. 2006) (citing In re Exxon Valdez,

(9th Cir. 1996)). 9 Conn. Gen. Life Ins., 482 F.3d at 1096 (internal citation omitted). 10 Alli v. City and County of San Francisco,

(N.D. Cal. 2022) (internal citations omitted). 11 See, e.g., Henderson,

(a district court need not exhaust every sanction short of dismissal before finally dismissing a case but must explore possible and meaningful alternatives) (internal citation omitted); Gleason v. World Sav. Bank, FSB,

, at *2 (N.D. Cal. July 26, 2013) (finding dismissal under Rule 41(b) appropriate where the court Case No. 3:22-cv-00191-SLG IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED: 1. This action is DISMISSED WITHOUT PREJUDICE. 2. All pending motions are DENIED AS MOOT. 3. The Clerk of Court shall issue a final judgment.

DATED this 6th day of February, 2023 at Anchorage, Alaska.

/s/ Sharon L. Gleason SHARON L. GLEASON UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

previously attempted the lesser sanction of issuing an order to show cause and giving the plaintiff an additional opportunity to re-plead). Case No. 3:22-cv-00191-SLG