American Ry. Express Co. v. Dunnaway & Lambert
American Ry. Express Co. v. Dunnaway & Lambert
Opinion of the Court
“The burden of proof is on the defendant express company to show that it properly fed and watered said hog, while in its custody,” and, “The burden of proof is on the defendant to show that it properly cared for said hog' while in its custody.”
The facts show that the defendant, a common carrier, received from plaintiff at Eernwood, Miss., a sow heavy with pigs and weighing 500 pounds and properly crated, to be delivered to plaintiff at Orville, Ala., for a reward, and during the transportation period the hog was under the exclusive supervision and control of defendant. All jurisdictional facts were admitted. Plaintiff’s evidence tended to show that the hog, when delivered to defendant, was sound and in good condition; that upon its arrival at Orville some 27 hours afterwards it was suffering from overheat and lack of water, and from the effects of this, although properly treated, it died. It was also shown that the weather was hot and there was some evidence going to show that the hog needed attention at Selma (an intermediate point), which fact was known to defendant, and that none was given. It is insisted by appellant that, this being an interstate shipment, the carrier would not be guilty of negligence in failing to water the hog until it had been in transit for more than 28 hours, that being the time limit fixed by federal statute at which a penalty is fixed for a failure to do so, unless it-be shown by plaintiff that the hog needed to be watered. The opinion in Southern R. Co. v. Proctor, 3 Ala. App. 413, 57 South. 513, deals with a case where the ■federal statute fixing the time limit at which stock must be fed and watered had been violated by the defendant. It was properly held in that case that:
“Its failure to perform the duty imposed upon it by the statute is negligence per se.”
But that case is not an authority on the burden of proof as affecting the case at bar. The value of the hog shipped having been agreed upon by the parties, and the rate fixed in accordance with the value, it is specifically provided by the federal statute (1915-1917, 39 Stat. 1, c. 301, p. 441 [U. S. Comp. St. § 8604a]) that a special contract of shipment may not be made relative to certain live stock (including hogs) so as to release the carrier of any of its common-law duties, or restricting the valuation. This then leaves the carrier as an insurer, under the rule declared in A. C. L. R. R. Co. v. Rice, 169 Ala. 265, 268, 269, 52 South. 918, 29 L. R. A. (N. S.) 1214, Ann. Cas. 1912B, 389. This rule as there stated, and which it is unnecessary for us here to repeat, places the burden upon the carrier in cases such as the one at bar of acquitting itself of negligence in case of damage to live stock received for shipment. The rule is well stated in the case cited supra, and is well grounded on rea sen and authority. The trial court did not err in giving the two charges as requested.
We find no error in the record, and the judgment is affirmed.
Affirmed.
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