Thompson v. Union Bank & Trust Co.
Thompson v. Union Bank & Trust Co.
Opinion of the Court
Appellant’s perfect equity, except as against a bona fide purchaser for value without notice, cannot be denied. The only question, then, is whether appellee, the Union Bank & Trust Company, is such purchaser. The bank deraigned title as follows: Cowart, owning the property at the time, mortgaged it to appellant to secure a loan of money. After Cowart defaulted in the payment of his debt, appellant, acting on the representations of Martin (who had negotiated the loan for her), in order to facilitate his collection of the debt, by the instrument shown in the report of the former appeal (202 Ala. 537, 81 South. 39) assigned the mortgage and quitclaimed the land to him; the instrument to that effect being duly acknowledged and recorded. Shortly thereafter Martin caused a foreclosure of the mortgage under the power therein, and at the sale became the purchaser, taking a deed from the auctioneer, which was duly recorded. At the same time he executed and delivered to appellant a mortgage purporting to secure to her the payment of an indebtedness equhl to her claim against Cowart; but, acting on the advice of Martin, appellant withheld, this mortgage from record. Then Martin sold the property to Mathews, taking a mortgage to secure the purchase money falling due three years after date. About a year later Martin borrowed money from the bank, aild to secure the same executed a paper similar to that shown by the report, supra, assigning his mortgage, and quitclaiming the land to the bank. After Mathews had defaulted the bank foreclosed under the power and became the purchaser. All the paper writings evidencing these transactions were recorded, save only Martin’s mortgage to appellant, which, as stated above, appellant withheld. ,
Our judgment is that a due observance of the rights of an innocent purchaser requires that the present status of the title be not disturbed.
Affirmed.
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Addendum
On Application for Rehearing.
[2-5] By way of reply to appellant’s argument on rehearing, which lays its stress at a new point, we add the following brief elaboration of what has in effect been said heretofore: Upon analysis the argument against the opinion in this cause simmers down to just this: “The deed by the auctioneer to Martin must he eliminated as a void paper, because the auctioneer was a special agent” — by which, as the context shows, appellant means that he was a special agent for herself — “with no estate, and without power to convey,” meaning without power to convey unless and until the amount of the bid was paid to appellant. There is no question that Martin held the legal title to the land in trust for appellant, and if this controversy were between appellant and Martin, appellant’s premise, stated above, would need to be conceded, and thereupon appellant's conclusion would follow; but, unfortunately for appellant, that is not the true posture of the case, for while Martin, as between appellant and himself, if we could view the case from that standpoint exclusively. would he held to have acted throughout as trustee for appellant, still it cannot be denied that, under our decisions, he as assignee of the mortgage held the legal title to the land. Welsh v. Phillips, 54 Ala. 309, 25 Am. Rep. 679. And, in virtue of the arrangement into which he had induced appellant to enter, to every appearance he held that title free of any equity in appellant. He needed no other title; but, if he did, he got it by purchase at the foreclosure, where, in legal effect, he, or the auctioneer of his appointment’ was “empowered and authorized to make and execute a deed to the purchaser in the name of the mortgagors,” as was done. Nor did it make any difference that lie paid no money to the auctioneer, for he was empowered and authorized to purchase as a stranger, thereby, to the extent of his bid, satisfying the debt which appeared to have been assigned to him. The power to sell was a power coupled with an interest, passing by assignment (Code, § 4896; McGuire v. Van Pelt, 55 Ala. 344, 4 Ann. Gas. 58), and its execution was sufficient to vest the legal title in the purchaser; but it carried no notice of the underlying equity. For the title vested in Martin, whether by the mortgage,or its foreclosure, appellee paid the price, acting on appearances, or what would have appeared, had he gone to the public records. Appellant had been a party, a willing, though deluded, party, to the train of transactions by which the legal title in Martin had been clothed with every appearance of true and exclusive ownership. She had thus lent the credit and currency of .her name and signature to the wrong perpetrated by Martin, had’’’enabled him to set up a sign by the way for the misleading of every inquirer as to the title, and appellee, without notice of anything to the contrary, invested its money in the title thus presented to view. The result is that either appellant or appellee must suffer a loss, and we violate no known “code of laws” when we hold that, since appellee purchased the legal title from a trustee in good faith and for value and without notice, it should be protected against the claim of the beneficiary and allowed to hold the property free from the trust. 2 Pom'. Eq. Jur. (4th Ed.) § 770. This rule, and its application to the. undisputed facts shown by the record, puts into operation and effect two of the paramount principles of equity, viz.: Where there is equal equity the law must prevail; and ■ where one of two equally innocent persons must suffer from the fraud of a third, he who first trusted must first suffer.
Application overruled.
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