Johnson v. Coulter
Johnson v. Coulter
Opinion of the Court
Order on Motion Compelling Discovery and for Sanctions:
Plaintiff Johnson requested the production of certain documents to be made at the deposition of defendant Coulter and one Katherine Lindgren. Coulter and Lindgren refused to produce documents relating to events after June 1990. Johnson now seeks an order under T.C.R.C.P. 37 compelling production and the award of sanctions. Coulter, in his memorandum in opposition to plaintiffs motion, makes three points: (1) that Coulter and Lindgren were improperly noticed, (2) that insufficient notice was afforded Coulter and Lindgren, and (3) that the materials sought are not relevant or are subject to restrictions. Coulter also objects to the request for sanctions as being outside the court’s discretion.
DISCUSSION
1. Improper Notice
Coulter correctly states that a request to produce under T.C.R.C.P. 34 may only be directed to parties to the action. However, the rule also talks about the production of documents or things in the "possession, custody or control" of a party. Thus, documents in the possession of a party’s subsidiary were found to be within the party’s control and were required to be produced under T.C.R.C.P. 34’s federal counterpart, F.R.C.P. 34. Georg Hantscho v. Miehl-Goss-Dexter, 33 F.R.D. 332 (1963 S.D. N.Y.). In Standard Insurance v. Pittsburg Electrical Insulation, 29 F.R.D. 185, 188 (1961 D.C. Pa) the court ruled that a motion for production of documents was not defective even though it requested documents from a corporation not a party to the action. The
In this case, Coulter is a party, and the suit itself names Coulter personally and "doing business as" South Pacific Equipment and Repair, South Pacific Equipment and Repair, Inc., and Samoa Napa, Inc. Additionally, in defendant’s answers to plaintiff’s interrogatories, question 25, Coulter lists only himself as the shareholder of Spear or Samoa Napa (Defendant’s Answers to Interrogatories at 7). The deposition as regards Coulter was, therefore, proper.
Lindgren, on the other hand, is not a party to the action.
II. Insufficient Notice
Coulter claims that insufficient notice was afforded Coulter and Lindgren (although brief refers only to "defendants" we assume Coulter meant himself and Lindgren, although he is also arguing that Lindgren
As Lindgren was improperly noticed, we need not address whether or not the 3 days notice she was afforded was sufficient.
III. Issue of Relevancy
Discovery is a liberal process. T.C.R.C.P. 26(b)(1) states that, in general:
Parties may obtain discovery regarding any matter, not privileged, which is relevant to the subject matter involved in the pending action, whether it relates to the claim or defense of the party seeking discovery or to the claim or defense of any other party .... It is not ground for objection that the information sought will be inadmissible at the trial if the information sought appears reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence.
Coulter claims, for several reasons, that the information sought is irrelevant or subject to restrictions. First, Coulter claims that Spear and Samoa Napa are not partnerships, but separate business entities. However, this question is central to the lawsuit and discovery here is an attempt to answer this question. Materials so related are obviously relevant. Coulter next submits that sought materials are confidential business information whose withholding would not prejudice Johnson. Again, it is this business information that is relevant to determining the central questions of the suit. The materials sought here are relevant and "not privileged" and, therefore, not exempt from disclosure, although certain items (such as tax returns) do contain confidential information. If reasonable protective measures are needed, relief can be sought under
IV. Sanctions
As stated by defendant, sanctions (save costs, as discussed below) would be inappropriate at this time. However, plaintiff has not requested sanctions under 37(b) (available only after a court order has not been obeyed). Plaintiff has only requested attorney’s lees and costs, sanctions that are available under rule 37(a).
Under rule 37(a) the court may require the party or deponent whose conduct necessitated the motion, or the party or attorney advising such conduct, or both, to pay reasonable expenses incurred in obtaining the order, including attorney’s fees. Expenses may also be awarded to the non-movant if the motion is denied, or allocated if the motion is granted in part. The court may find that opposition to the motion, or other circumstances, make an award of expenses unfair.
In this case both sides have made a good faith showing for their respective arguments, and an award of expenses is, in our view, not warranted.
CONCLUSION
Coulter was properly noticed. He was afforded insufficient time, although there is no showing that because of this he was unable to produce the requested items. As the items asked for are relevant to the suit at hand, Coulter is directed to produce them, provided that Johnson abides by his agreement to reasonable terms regarding selective non-disclosure.
Lindgren was not properly noticed. Relief sought against her is denied.
Sanctions appear inappropriate at this time and thus plaintiff’s request for costs and attorney’s fees is denied.
The notice of deposition to Lindgren merely certifies that ''plaintiff’s counsel" was served through his court box; there is no indication that Lindgren herself, a non-party, was at all served in accordance with the rules. TCRCP 30(a) provides that "the attendance of witnesses may be compelled by subpoena as provided in 45 TCRCP, ” and where production is sought from the person to be deposed, TCRCP 30(b)(1) provides for the use of a subpoena duces tecum. A subpoena, however, has to be served personally. TCRCP 45(c).
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.