State v. Varela
State v. Varela
Opinion of the Court
¶ 1 Petitioner Artemio Varela seeks review of the trial court's order denying his petition for post-conviction relief, filed pursuant to Rule 32, Ariz. R. Crim. P. "We will not disturb a trial court's ruling on a petition for *270post-conviction relief absent a clear abuse of discretion." State v. Swoopes ,
Background
¶ 2 After a jury trial, Varela was convicted of three counts of sexual abuse and sentenced to consecutive, 2.25-year prison terms for each offense. He timely appealed, but this court later dismissed that appeal pursuant to Varela's motion.
¶ 3 Varela sought post-conviction relief, arguing in his petition that he had received ineffective assistance of trial counsel in that counsel had not investigated the scene of the offense or called "a key witness" and appellate counsel had "dropped the ball on Direct Appeal." The trial court summarily denied relief, finding that Varela's claims were precluded, untimely, or "lack[ed] sufficient basis in law and fact to warrant further proceedings."
Discussion
¶ 4 On review Varela argues his claims were not precluded or untimely, and the trial court erred in summarily denying relief. Because this is a first, timely proceeding, we agree with Varela that his claims of ineffective assistance of counsel are not precluded or barred as untimely. See Ariz. R. Crim. P. 32.2(b), 32.4(a)(2)(A), (D).
¶ 5 We agree with the trial court, however, that Varela has not presented a colorable claim of ineffective assistance of trial counsel. In his petition for review Varela points us to his petition for post-conviction relief, apparently attempting to incorporate his arguments there by reference. This procedure is not allowed. See Ariz. R. Crim. P. 32.9(c)(4)(B), (5)(A) (petition for review must contain "reasons why the appellate court should grant the petition," but shall not "incorporate any document by reference, except the appendix").
¶ 6 Furthermore, "[t]o state a colorable claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, a defendant must show both that counsel's performance fell below objectively reasonable standards and that this deficiency prejudiced the defendant." State v. Bennett ,
¶ 7 Varela contended his trial counsel lacked diligence in "the investigatory part of this case and the calling of witness[es] who would have given exculpatory testimony corroborating his innocence of the offense." He alleged counsel failed to review surveillance footage and failed to collect DNA
¶ 8 "[W]e must presume 'counsel's conduct falls within the wide range of reasonable professional assistance' that 'might be considered sound trial strategy.' " State v. Denz ,
¶ 9 Despite counsel's duty to adequately investigate possible defenses, "counsel may opt not to pursue a particular investigative path based on his or her reasoned conclusion that it would not yield useful information or is otherwise unnecessary in light of counsel's chosen trial strategy."
*271Id. ¶ 11. "Strategic decisions are 'conscious, reasonably informed decision[s] made by an attorney with an eye to benefitting his client.' " Id. ,quoting Pavel v. Hollins ,
¶ 10 In this case, Varela has not provided any evidence to suggest that the purported surveillance video or DNA testing would have produced evidence that would have changed the result at trial. And the letters and affidavits from the proposed witnesses he claims counsel should have talked to are largely personal references.
¶ 11 Varela also contended, however, that appellate counsel was ineffective. He asserted counsel had filed a motion to dismiss his appeal without his consent and failed to communicate with him about the Rule 32 proceeding after the appeal was dismissed. On the record before us, counsel moved to dismiss the appeal in July 2015. A letter from Varela to counsel in September 2015 suggests Varela believed the appeal was still pending. Varela also included with his petition letters counsel had written to him, and in one dated in September 2015, counsel stated, "I came to the conclusion that there were no appealable issues in your case. Thus, the appeal portion was dismissed."
¶ 12 The United States Supreme Court has "long held that a lawyer who disregards specific instructions from the defendant to file a notice of appeal acts in a manner that is professionally unreasonable." Roe v. Flores-Ortega ,
*272¶ 13 Varela has alleged counsel did not consult with him and the record demonstrates his desire to pursue an appeal. The trial court was required to accept these allegations as true, State v. Watton ,
¶ 14 As to the first part of the Strickland test-whether counsel's performance was deficient-if counsel consulted with Varela but "fail[ed] to follow the defendant's express instructions with respect to [the] appeal," his performance was deficient. Flores-Ortega ,
¶ 15 If counsel's performance is determined to have been deficient, the trial court must then address the second part of the Strickland test as it applies in this context.
Disposition
¶ 16 For these reasons, we grant the petition for review, grant relief in part as described above, and otherwise deny relief.
Deoxyribonucleic acid.
Varela has attached to his reply brief on review affidavits from other volunteers at the church where the charged conduct took place. These affidavits were produced after the trial court had dismissed the proceeding and were not presented below. We therefore do not consider them. Cf. State v. Carter ,
We note that appellate counsel in this case was retained by Varela. "[W]hen appointed counsel determines that a defendant's case discloses no arguable issues for appeal, counsel files" a brief pursuant to Anders v. California ,
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.