SUPREME COURT OF ARIZONA ROBERT BACKIE, an individual and ) Arizona Supreme Court a qualified elector of ) No. CV-24-0089-AP/EL Congressional District 1, ) ) Maricopa County Plaintiff/Appellant, ) Superior Court ) No. CV2024-008687 v. ) ) KIM GEORGE, et al., ) ) Defendants/Appellees. ) ) __________________________________) FILED 05/08/2024

DECISION ORDER On April 29, 2024, Appellant/Plaintiff/Challenger Backie filed a timely Notice of Appeal. On April 30, 2024, Maricopa County filed the “Maricopa County Defendants-Appellees’ Notice of Decision-Deadline for Ballot Printing” advising the Court of the need to decide this matter no later than May 13, 2024. The parties agreed to an expedited stipulated briefing schedule and submitted simultaneous briefs. Upon consideration of the briefs filed by Challenger and by Appellee/Defendant Candidate George, along with the record in this matter, a panel, consisting of Vice Chief Justice Timmer and Justices Bolick, Montgomery, and King finds as follows.

On April 24, 2024, the trial court conducted a trial in this expedited election challenge. Candidate filed her nomination petition as a Republican seeking the office of U.S. Representative for Congressional District 1. The parties have stipulated that pertinent to the appeal, out-of-state circulators Lopez, Ramirez, Weltman, and Arizona Supreme Court Case No. CV-24-0089-AP/EL Page 2 of 4

Okwaraji all collected signatures for Candidate after they opened their Circulator Portal accounts but before registering on the Circulator Portal to circulate for Candidate. Circulator Humphries collected signatures for Candidate after he opened his Circulator Portal account but never registered to circulate nomination petitions for Candidate.

As we set forth in our decision order in Breckling v. Hernandez, CV-24-0087-AP/EL (May 7, 2024): A.R.S. § 16-315(D) provides that non-resident circulators must register. The statute does not require that non- resident circulators register for a specific candidate. In other contexts, the Legislature has required discrete registrations for specific petition issues. See A.R.S.

§ 19-118(A); Leibsohn v. Hobbs, 254 Ariz. 1, 6-7, ¶ 20 (2022) (reviewing statewide initiative and referendum petitions). The requirements for candidate petitions [are] different than for ballot measures. See Powers v. Carpenter, 203 Ariz. 116, 118, ¶ 10 (2002) (refusing to apply statute governing ballot measure petitions to candidate nomination petitions); Morales v. Archibald, 246 Ariz. 398, 401, ¶ 12 (2019) (declining to “conflate[] the process for recalls with those for initiatives and referenda”).

The Legislature has authorized the Secretary to “establish . . . a procedure for registering circulators” through the Elections Procedures Manual (“EPM”), see A.R.S.

§ 16-315(D). The EPM does not expressly instruct that separate, per-candidate registrations are a prerequisite to the associated signatures’ substantive validity. See EPM Chapter 6, sec. 2 subsec. (C). Even if that were true, the statute does not contain a requirement that circulators register for a particular candidate. Cf. Leach v. Hobbs, 250 Ariz. 572, 576, ¶¶ 20–21 (2021) (EPM’s creation of a de-registration process for ballot measure circulators could not affect the circulators’ statutory responsibilities or the legal sufficiency of underlying signatures). The EPM confirms that circulators who are not Arizona Supreme Court Case No. CV-24-0089-AP/EL Page 3 of 4

residents of Arizona must register with the Secretary of State “prior to circulating: . . . a candidate petition in any Arizona jurisdiction (statewide, county, city, or town).” See EPM Chapter 6, sec. 2 subsec. (B) (emphasis added). Failure to do so invalidates the signatures collected by the circulator prior to registration.

In this case, the challenged circulators properly registered as required by A.R.S. § 16-315(D) prior to circulating nomination petitions on behalf of Candidate George. Therefore, Candidate had sufficient signatures in her nomination petitions to appear on the ballot.

IT IS ORDERED affirming the trial court’s decision and directing Maricopa County to include candidate Kim George on the ballot.

DATED this 8th day of May, 2024.

___________/s/________________ ANN A. SCOTT TIMMER Vice Chief Justice

TO: Arizona Supreme Court Case No. CV-24-0089-AP/EL Page 4 of 4

Eric H Spencer Charlene Anne Warner Savannah C Wix Jennifer Wright Nancy M Bonnell Kara Karlson Karen J Hartman-Tellez Kyle R Cummings Amy B. Chan William Davis Joseph Eugene La Rue Jack O'Connor Rosa Aguilar Anna Critz Kimberly D Chamberlain Stephanie Large Hon. John R Hannah Jr, Judge Hon. Jeff Fine, Clerk