People v. Razo
People v. Razo
Opinion of the Court
This is an appeal by the defendant from a judgment of conviction of the crime of robbery. The appellant presents three points upon the appeal. We shall discuss them in the order in which they are urged. The first is that the cross-examination of the complaining witness Scott upon a vital fact was improperly and unnecessarily limited by the trial court. Scott testified that on November 14, 1918, at about 10 o’clock in the evening, he was walking along the street in Oakland when he was attacked by the defendant
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and another person; that the defendant knocked him down and ent him with a knife and the other person searched his pockets and took from them two coins, a five and ten cent piece. Appellant argues that as it was necessary for the state to prove that the defendant actually took some property from Scott, that, therefore, the question of whether Scott actually had the coins becomes decisive. He urges that the excluded questions were directed toward this matter and should have been allowed. But this matter was testified to repeatedly by Scott upon his cross-examination. He said he had a Canadian dime and a nickle in his pocket when he left his home, a few moments before the attack; that he looked at the coins before leaving home, and that he knew they were there; that he had his hand in his pocket and felt such coins as he was walking on the street and up to the moment of the attack; that his pockets were good and that the money could not have rolled out in the struggle on the sidewalk. Scott was a negro Pullman porter. It is true that he did not always answer questions as directly as might have been desired; but his examination discloses no effort to evade, but merely the difficulties which come from a lack of precision in speech and in thought, the natural consequences of lack of training. It is evident that he had difficulty in comprehending the exact meaning of many of the questions, and this in itself made it necessary for many questions to be asked a number of times. The court permitted this, and it seems to us that the cross-examination is very complete and comprehensive. Appellant contends that he should have been allowed to ask five certain questions. It is not necessary to discuss the relevancy of each of these questions here. In so far as they were relevant and proper cross-examination, their substance was covered several times in the course of the cross-examination. It appears that the direct examination of Scott covers seven typewritten pages in the record, while the cross-examination covers over fifty pages.
It does not seem to be an improper summing up of this testimony to say that “the testimony of Mr. Scott was that he had not talked the case over with me at all; he came to my room intending to talk it over with me, but I was busy and did not talk it over with him.” However, let us assume that the appellant’s construction of this remark is correct and that the deputy district attorney was not referring in the latter part of the sentence to the testimony of Scott on the stand, but was stating his own knowledge of the subject. While clearly this would be misconduct upon his part, yet such misconduct, we think, under the special circumstances of this case, would not be such prejudicial error as to warrant a reversal. Appellant’s argument is based upon an insistence that the fact of whether or not the witness Scott talked with the deputy district attorney was important to the defendant’s case. But we have the repeated, unequivocal statement of Scott that he did not talle to him. There is a presumption that follows the testimony of every witness that such witness speaks the truth, and this witness remains uncontradicted on this point. Both Scott and the deputy district attorney admitted that they wished to talk to one another about the case. Scott testified that he went to the office of said deputy for the purpose of talking about the case and the deputy district attorney stated in his argument to the jury that he talked with every witness in the case that he could “lay his hands on,” and would have talked with Scott if he had had the opportunity. The reason why this avowed intention and desire on the part *255 of both was not carried out cannot have any bearing upon the matter one way or the other.
The last point made by the appellant is that the judgment is erroneous because the indeterminate sentence law (Pen. Code, sec. 1168), under which it is imposed, is unconstitutional. It is unnecessary for us to discuss this question, because it has been passed upon in In re Lee, 177 Cal. 690, [171 Pac. 958], which upholds the validity of this section as to offenses committed after its enactment.
The judgment is affirmed.
Nourse, J., and Brittain, J., concurred.
A petition to have the cause heard in the supreme court, after judgment in the district court of appeal, was denied by the supreme court on November 10, 1919.
All the Justices concurred.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- The PEOPLE, Respondent, v. RAMON RAZO, Appellant
- Cited By
- 2 cases
- Status
- Published