Turnbull v. Wilhelm
Turnbull v. Wilhelm
Opinion of the Court
This action was brought to recover a certain sum of money allegedly due plaintiff from defendant. The cause of action embraced two counts. The first count sought a recovery of $2,871 claimed to have been “had and received for the use and benefit” of plaintiff by defendant. The second count was to recover the same amount, which it was charged defendant had “promised and agreed to pay” to plaintiff. The cause was tried before the court sitting without a jury, and resulted in a judgment for plaintiff on count two, while the allegations contained in count one were determined to be untrue. This appeal is by defendant from the judgment and the order denying his motion for a new trial.
So far as the factual situation forming the background of this litigation is concerned, we find in the record substantial evidence that there was pending in the federal court, before the Honorable Samuel W. McNabb, referee in bankruptcy, a certain bankruptcy proceeding entitled “International Cinema, Inc., a corporation, Bankrupt.” A prior reorganization proceeding under section 77B of the Bankruptcy Act had failed, and bankruptcy adjudication ensued. Referee McNabb sent for the respondent, who was an attorney at law practicing his profession in Los Angeles and who had theretofore been a referee in bankruptcy in the Southern District of California. When in response to the invitation of the referee,
In August, 1938, respondent sent word to appellant that he desired to see him. Pursuant to this invitation, appellant came to respondent’s office, at which time respondent detailed to appellant his previous conversations with Referee McNabb, after which it was agreed between them that appellant should read the letters written by the stockholders to the referee and attempt to effect a reorganization plan with such stockholders, appellant to handle the auditing, bookkeeping and technical work, and respondent to take care of such legal work as might arise. Thereupon respondent advanced Wilhelm twenty-five dollars to obtain a permit from the Commissioner of Corporations of this state which would allow Wilhelm to contact the stockholders for the purpose of effecting a reorganization plan. Upon obtaining the permit, appellant went to San Francisco, where the majority of the stockholders resided, and contacted a number of them. As a result, a stockholders’ protective association was formed, with a governing committee of three of the majority stockholders. At appellant’s request, respondent then went to San Francisco and appeared before this committee. After making an investigation of respondent, and being satisfied of his ability to handle the legal aspects of the reorganization plan, the committee employed him as an attorney to obtain a continuance of the bankruptcy sale and to work out a plan by which
Pursuant to this plan, the Commissioner of Corporations of the State of California issued his permit, dated December 30, 1938, which in part reads: “. . . applicant proposes to sell and issue an aggregate of not to exceed 300,000 shares of applicant’s common stock to the stockholders of International Cinema, Inc., at 30 cents per share, for cash, of which 5 cents thereof is to be paid for expenses, legal fees and remuneration to R. L. Wilhelm to complete the formation of said corporation and turning over of the business and assets of International Cinema, Inc. ...” The permit then proceeds to grant such authority to the applicant, Cinema Laboratories, Inc. The commissioner subsequently authorized the issuance of 60,000 shares of preferred stock of the new California corporation. Under the amended plan, certain of the larger creditors of the bankrupt corporation sold their claims, receiving in payment therefor the preferred stock of the new corporation, and in addition were paid thirty cents on the dollar in cash. In this manner the new corporation, through appellant, R. L. Wilhelm, as fiscal agent, acquired in excess of ninety-eight per cent of the creditors’ claims against the bankrupt corporation and was thereby enabled to purchase the assets of such bankrupt corporation. These assets were then delivered by appellant to the new California corporation, Cinema Laboratories, Inc., and that corporation was then in possession of assets controlled entirely and operated by the officers and board of directors which the old stockholders of International Cinema, Inc., participating in the new corporation, then elected. In this manner the result originally intended was accomplished, that is to say, the payment of the creditors of International Cinema, Inc., and the salvaging of the equity of the bankrupt corporation for its investors.
At a meeting of the stockholders of the defunct corporation who were to become stockholders of the new Cinema Laboratories, Inc., attended by appellant and respondent, it was agreed that each stockholder was to deposit five cents for each share of stock received by him in the reorganized cor
There is a sharp difference in the contentions of appellant and respondent as to the terms of their agreement in connection with the payment of their respective compensation from the said fund. Appellant contends that he was to receive one-half of such funds so collected from such stockholders as his own fees for acting as promoter and organizer; that out of the other half he was to pay all expenses, and from the balance he was to compensate respondent for his fees as attorney for the stockholders. On the other hand, respondent contends that the agreement between him and appellant was that all expenses should be deducted from the total of this fund collected from the stockholders; that after the payment of such expenses the remainder should be divided equally between respondent and appellant. The trial court resolved this conflict in favor of respondent’s contention.
In urging a reversal of the judgment herein, appellant first asserts that the agreement between himself and respondent upon which the latter seeks to recover is contra bonos mores, against public policy, illegal, void, and therefore unenforceable. In support of this argument appellant contends that pursuant to the provisions of the State Bar Act of California (now chapter 4 of the Business and Professions Code), the Board of Governors of The State Bar, with the approval of the Supreme Court, is empowered to formulate
Assuming, as contended by appellant, but not so deciding, that these rules of professional conduct are binding upon all members of The State Bar because they are rules of court, and that such rules of professional conduct represent the ideas and attitude of the legal profession as a whole as to what conduct of an attorney is against public policy, nevertheless we find in the record before us no warrant for the assumption or conclusion that respondent’s conduct was either violative of the rules in question or in any manner contrary to the public policy of this state. Respondent’s initial connection with the bankruptcy proceeding which resulted in the reorganization plan toward which he contributed his legal services was occasioned not by any act of appellant, but arose by reason of the suggestion made by the referee in bankruptcy to respondent that the latter contact appellant with reference to aiding the stockholders of the corporation then harassed with financial difficulties in the bankruptcy court to salvage as much as they could of their investment. While it is true respondent advised the reorganization plan to Mr. Wilhelm at the suggestion of the referee and further recommended it to the stockholders at the meetings in San Francisco, he was nevertheless consulted in reference thereto by stockholders of the corporation, and in fact was called to San Francisco to
There is no merit whatever in appellant’s contention that respondent’s conduct violated the aforesaid rule 3, which prohibits the payment of compensation or the splitting of fees with an unlicensed person who procures the lawyer’s employment. Eespondent distinctly and unequivocally advised “I am not splitting fees with you,” and that the respective fees agreed upon by appellant and respondent with the stockholders were to be paid to them separately and out of what was referred to as the “nickel fund.” Furthermore, appellant and respondent each had their work to do, and each was to receive one-half of the net accumulation of the “nickel fund.” The portion of such fund that came to appellant did not arise out of any fees claimed or received by respondent. Appellant received that money for services as an auditor and organizer which he was to render to the stockholders. The evidence in this case clearly justifies the finding of the trial court that there was no evidence whatever to sustain appellant’s contention that the agreement entered into by respondent was against public policy, while the evidence amply supports the finding that “the agreement between the plaintiff and the defendant was one by which a measure of the compensation to be paid to the plaintiff was fixed and that the same was not contrary to public policy, improper, illegal, or unethical.”
Appellant’s next contention is that the action was prematurely instituted by respondent, in that at the time of the commencement thereof respondent had been paid all moneys due him up to that time. This contention is apparently grounded upon the claim that at the time the action was commenced appellant had not received all the moneys payable to him from the “nickel fund,” and therefore under his agreement to pay respondent one-half of the net amount received by him, he could not be sued for the money collected but not delivered to him. This claim is without merit. Cinema Laboratories, Inc., by an instrument in writing consisting of a letter addressed to appellant, and admitted in evidence, conceded an indebtedness to him in the sum of $4,022.30. The record further shows that thereafter payment of the last-
The attempted appeal from the order denying a new trial is dismissed and the judgment is affirmed.
York, P. J., and Doran, J., concurred.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.