Lingle v. National Foundation
Lingle v. National Foundation
Opinion of the Court
This is an appeal from a judgment of the probate court in a proceeding to determine heir-ship pursuant to section 1080 of the Probate Code. Motion to dismiss appeal on ground that decree was nonappealable, denied.
George C. Brissel died testate on December 13, 1961, leaving a will dated April 7, 1961, which was duly admitted to probate on January 15,1962.
By the terms of paragraph Sixth of decedent’s will, he left certain real property in trust, naming five purported charitable organizations or institutions as beneficiaries sub
On June 28, 1962, pursuant to section 1080 of the Probate Code, the executor filed his petition to determine interests in the estate. Although the prayer of the petition sought a determination of all interests in the estate, the allegations of the petition and of the statements of interest filed by appellant and respondent, raised only an issue as to the one-fifth share devised to “Infantile Paralyses Hospital of Los Angeles, California.” A claim of interest was also filed by the American Cancer Society, claiming the one-fifth interest devised to it. No contest as to that claim was made by appellant. No other claim of interest was filed and no person other than the executor, appellant and respondent appeared at the hearing on the matter.
Upon conclusion of the hearing on the petition, the trial court found in favor of the claim of the American Cancer Society and in favor of the claim of respondent National Foundation, finding as to the latter that it was the beneficiary intended by the designation of “Infantile Paralyses Hospital.” The findings of fact, after setting forth essential jurisdictional findings and those above referred to, continued: “That the court reserves jurisdiction to determine the identity and share of all other beneficiaries until hearing on petition for distribution or upon hearing of a subsequent petition to determine heirship or in other appropriate proceedings.” (Italics added.)
The decree determining interest in estate concluded: “It is Further Ordered that jurisdiction to determine the identity and share of all other beneficiaries is reserved until further proceedings in the above-entitled estate. ’’ (Italics added.)
It is to be noted that neither in the findings of fact, conclusions of law or decree is any reference whatever made to the remaining three-fifths interest in the remainder of the trust referred to nor is any order made declaring or determining the rights of any persons as to any other interests in the estate.
Ewing M. Lingle is appealing from that part of the decree finding that The National Foundation was the intended bene
Code of Civil Procedure, section 1048 provides: “An action may be severed and actions may be consolidated, in the discretion of the court, whenever it can be done without prejudice to a substantial right. (Italics added.)
And section 579 of the same code states: “In an action against several defendants, the court may, in its discretion, render judgment against one or more of them, leaving the action to proceed against the others, whenever a several judgment is proper. ’' (Italics added.)
The same rule has been applied in probate proceedings under section 1080. In Estate of Nuttle (1934) 3 Cal.App.2d 415, 418-419 [39 P.2d 475], the court said: “Appellants contend that the court did not by its order determine the rights of Leota Babcock, or of any of the legatees or devisees under the will other than respondent Juana M. Wood, and this is true, except to deny any other right than respondent’s in the $22,000 worth of bonds. We do not feel, however, that this or other claimed deficiencies in the order furnish ground for reversal, since the way is still open to any interested party to file another petition to determine heirship and to specify interests not heretofore passed upon. ’ ’ (Italics added.)
In the instant case, the decree appealed from has determined the rights to a severable portion of the estate as between appellant and respondent. No action that can be taken with respect to the rights of the three named charitable beneficiaries who did not appear as to the three severable one-fifth interests devised to them or with respect to the other legatees and devisees can in any way affect the rights of the parties to this appeal as to the severable one-fifth herein involved, nor the rights of the American Cancer Society to the remaining one-fifth. We can see no policy reason why the present dispute, involving only the parties presently before us, should have to await the determination of claims to other portions of the estate—claims as to which there does not now appear to be any issue or dispute. In fact, we
However, the moving party cites and relies on the decision in Bodine v. Superior Court (1962) 209 Cal.App.2d 354 [26 Cal.Rptr. 260], decided after the entry of the decree herein involved. In that case, the court expressed its “disapproval” of the language in Estate of Nuttle which is emphasized in our quotation from the opinion, supra. A petition for hearing in the Supreme Court was denied in the Nuttle case; and it is well settled that “when the precise question of law has been decided by a District Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court has denied a hearing, such decision will be followed as settling the law in the absence of a later decision of the Supreme Court overruling or modifying the prior case.” (Housing Authority v. Peters (1953) 120 Cal.App.2d 615, 616 [261 P.2d 561].) In the light of this rule, we do not regard Bodine as intending to do more than to disapprove any implications from Nuttle insofar as applicable to the quite different facts involved in the Bodine case.
In Bodine, the trial court had before it a petition which involved the entire probate estate. It had taken testimony as to one set of claimants and as to part of a second group. It had then entered what it denominated an “Interlocutory” decree, in which it set forth its conclusions as to the first set of claimants and continued the petition before it for further hearing at a later fixed date. Under these circumstances, the appellate court properly ruled that the petition had not been finally determined and that the continued hearing must be before the same judge and in the same manner (i.e., without a jury) as in the first hearing. In none of the cases cited by the court in Bodine, and relied on by it as a basis for its disapproval of the indicated language of Nuttle, was there a situation comparable to the one before us. In Estate of Wise (1949) 34 Cal.2d 376 [210 P.2d 497], the petition to determine heirship related to the entire estate; the holding was that a claimant who had not filed her claim as one of the heirs could not file a second petition, her rights having been directly in issue in the first petition. In Estate of Radovich (1957) 48 Cal.2d 116 [308 P.2d 14] again the petition to determine heirship related to the entire
The motion to dismiss the appeal is denied; each party shall bear its own costs in this court in connection with the motion.
Burke, P. J., and Jefferson, J., concurred.
The other cases cited (In re Burton (1892) 93 Cal. 459 [29 P. 36]; Woods v. Security-First Nat. Bank (1956) 46 Cal.2d 697 [299 P.2d 657]; Bales v. Superior Court (1942) 21 Cal.2d 17 [129 P.2d 685]; Estate of Caswell (1957) 152 Cal.App.2d 195 [312 P.2d 703]; Stevens v. Torregano (1961) 192 Cal.App.2d 105 [13 Cal.Rptr. 604]; Blythe v. Ayres (1894) 102 Cal. 254 [36 P. 522]) either are cases in which the entire indivisible estate was in issue, or involve factual situations totally different from the one before us.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Estate of GEORGE C. BRISSEL, Deceased EWING M. LINGLE, and v. THE NATIONAL FOUNDATION, and
- Cited By
- 1 case
- Status
- Published