People v. Bullock
People v. Bullock
Opinion
This is an appeal following a resentencing hearing which was ordered by this court in an unpublished opinion that affirmed the convictions of appellant Virgil Dell Bullock on various felony charges but found sentencing error. In this appeal Bullock claims the trial court erred by not ordering and considering an updated probation report before imposing a new sentence. He relies on a series of cases from this court, starting with *Page 987 People v. Brady (1984)
In the published portion of this opinion we reexamine theBrady rule and conclude it cannot be squared with the clear language of Penal Code1 section 1203, subdivision (g) which expressly gives the trial court discretion to refer the matter to the probation officer for investigation and report on facts relevant to sentencing when the defendant is ineligible for probation.2 Because we conclude Brady incorrectly strips the trial court of discretion, we will no longer follow it. We further find no abuse of discretion in this case.
In the unpublished portion of the opinion we reject appellant's additional claim of sentencing error.
I. Probation Report — Brady Revisited
(1a) Appellant contends the trial court was required to request and consider a new probation office report prior to resentencing on remand. The record reveals that although the probation officer was present at the resentencing hearing, no new updated probation report was prepared. In People v. Brady,supra,There is a split of authority on this issue. Although the Third Appellate District initially followed Brady in People v.Foley (1985)
The First and Second Appellate Districts have followed Webb.
(See People v. McClure (1987)
Respondent argues Brady is incorrectly decided and asks us to reconsider our decisions on this issue. We accept the challenge.
In Brady this court based its conclusion on the sentencing statutory framework as a whole and the statutory and policy considerations identified *Page 989
in People v. Rojas (1962)
The California Rules of Court similarly distinguish between cases in which a defendant is eligible for probation and those in which he or she is not. Rule 411(a) instructs a trial court to refer a matter to probation when the defendant is eligible for probation. As to defendants ineligible for probation, however, rule 411(b) strongly recommends the trial court make the referral to probation (using the word "should") but falls short of using the mandatory "shall."
The statutory language is clear and should not be ignored. Section 1203, subdivision (g) confers discretion upon the trial court to decide whether a probation report should be provided for a probation-ineligible defendant. If a report is not required for such defendants upon original sentencing, we see no basis for holding that a report is required for resentencing after remand, assuming the defendant remains ineligible for probation. We believe Brady was incorrect in divesting the trial court of its discretionary power and mandating a probation referral in all cases.
This is not to say a probation report may not be helpful to a court on resentencing. The Tatlis decision acknowledges the utility of a probation *Page 990 report and views the trial court's discretion as being narrowed by the strong suggestion in the California Rules of Court that obtaining a probation report is the preferred practice. The court thus concludes although the referral is not mandatory, there should be a sound reason for departing from the preferred practice of making the referral. (People v. Tatlis, supra, 230 Cal.App.3d at p. 1273.) We agree. There may be compelling reasons for ordering a probation report even when the defendant is ineligible for probation. The defendant's postconviction behavior and other possible developments remain relevant to the trial court's consideration upon resentencing. Still, in many cases obtaining a new report will be a meaningless exercise. The trial court is in the best position to evaluate the need for an updated report, with the input of counsel.
In Tatlis, the defendant requested a current probation report be prepared and the trial court refused to order one without giving any indication it was exercising discretion. Because there was no good reason appearing on the record for denying the defendant's request, and because he submitted materials in his petition for writ of habeas corpus showing a reasonable probability that new mitigating circumstances "will affect the sentencing calculus favorably," the matter in Tatlis was remanded to the trial court for reconsideration of the defendant's request. (230 Cal.App.3d at pp. 1274-1275.)
Here there is no showing the trial court abused its discretion in not ordering an updated report. There was no request by appellant for an updated report, no evidence that the trial court acted on incomplete information or that there was information which appellant wished to have considered that was not. (SeePeople v. McClure, supra, 191 Cal.App.3d at p. 1306.) There is likewise nothing in the record here, as there was in Tatlis,
suggesting the trial court incorrectly believed it could not order a probation report had it wanted to do so. Clearly the trial court was not following Brady, but it was not obligated to do so. (2) Under California's system of appellate review, the opinions of the various district appellate courts are equally binding on all the courts of inferior jurisdiction in the state. (Auto Equity Sales, Inc. v. Superior Court (1962)
Appellant has offered nothing to indicate the information before the trial court was incomplete or inaccurate. We are entitled to presume that the *Page 991
sentencing court properly exercised its discretion in imposing sentence absent contrary evidence. (People v. Giminez (1975)
There is no error and no need to remand for further proceedings.
In light of our conclusion, respondent's contentions regarding waiver and invited error are moot.
II. Section 12022.3*
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ardaiz, Acting P.J., and Buckley, J., concurred.
A petition for a rehearing was denied August 3, 1994.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- The People, and v. Virgil Dell Bullock, And
- Cited By
- 34 cases
- Status
- Published