Butler v. Sup. Ct. of Los Angeles Cty.
Butler v. Sup. Ct. of Los Angeles Cty.
Opinion of the Court
I. Introduction
Defendant, Wayne Keith Butler, had filed a mandate petition challenging the correctness of the respondent court’s determination that he was ineligible for deferred entry of judgment within the meaning of Penal Code
II. Procedural and Factual Scenario
Defendant was charged in an information with cocaine possession in violation of Health and Safety Code section 11350, subdivision (a). It was also alleged in the information that defendant had previously been convicted of the serious felonies of robbery (§ 211), rape (§ 261, former subd. (2)), and forcible oral copulation (§ 288a). Because of the three prior serious convictions, it was further alleged that he was subject to enhanced sentencing pursuant to sections 667, subdivisions (b) through (i) and 1170.12. Well prior to trial, defense counsel requested that defendant be considered for deferred entry of judgment. However, the respondent court concluded defendant was ineligible for deferred entry of judgment because of his three prior serious convictions and pursuant to sections 667, subdivision (c) and 1170.12, subdivision (a) which both state in relevant part: “Notwithstanding any other law, if a defendant has been convicted of a felony and it has been pled and proved that the defendant has one or more prior felony convictions • ••[;] [¶] • • • [¶] (4) . . . [d]iversion shall not be granted . . . .” Defendant then filed a mandate petition challenging the determination that he was not eligible for deferred entry of judgment. We issued an order to show cause, set the matter for oral argument, and stayed proceedings in the respondent court.
III. Discussion
We conclude we are without jurisdiction to consider the present petition. In 1972, sections 1000-1000.4 were enacted which provided for diversion of defendants charged with enumerated drug offenses from the
On September 30, 1996, Governor Pete Wilson signed Senate Bill No. 1369 which substantially amended sections 1000-1000.4. The new provisions, which will be discussed in detail shortly, replaced the diversion option with an opportunity for defendants charged with enumerated drug offenses to secure the deferred entry of judgment and ultimate dismissal contingent upon completion of a drug rehabilitation program. The Legislative Counsel’s Digest for Senate Bill No. 1369 (1995-1996 Reg. Sess.) stated: “Existing law prescribes procedures for the referral to diversion of those persons charged with specified drug offenses, [¶] This bill would provide instead that, in lieu of trial, the prosecuting attorney may make a motion to the trial court to defer entry of judgment with respect to any specified drug offense that is charged, provided that the offender offers a plea of guilty. Upon that motion and the defendant’s offer of a plea of guilty, the court would be required to defer a finding of guilt and entry of judgment, contingent upon the defendant’s completion of an approved drug program. Upon the defendant’s completion of the program, and upon the positive recommendation of the program authority and the motion of the prosecuting attorney, the court, or the probation department, but no sooner than 18 months nor later than 3 years from the date of the defendant’s referral to the program, the court would be required to dismiss the charge or charges against the defendant.”
Section 1000 states in pertinent part: “(a) This chapter shall apply whenever a case is before any court upon an accusatory pleading for a violation of Section 11350, 11357, 11364, 11365, 11377, or 11550 of the Health and
Section 1000, subdivision (b) states in unequivocal terms, “The sole remedy of a defendant who is found ineligible for deferred entry of judgment is a postconviction appeal.” This language is without enumerated exception, unequivocal, clear, and unambiguous—the sole remedy available to defendant to challenge a determination as to his ineligibility for deferred entry of judgment option is a postjudgment appeal, not the use of an extraordinary writ petition.
The petition is denied. The previously entered stay order is vacated.
Armstrong, J., concurred.
All future statutory references are to the Penal Code unless otherwise indicated.
Concurring Opinion
I concur in the majority’s conclusion that petitioner’s sole remedy for challenging the finding that he was ineligible for deferred entry of judgment is by postconviction appeal. (Pen. Code, § 1000, subd. (b).)
I write separately, however, to emphasize it remains an open question whether the trial court properly denied petitioner’s request for deferred entry of judgment since petitioner arguably meets the statutory criteria. First, there is no evidence petitioner has suffered any prior controlled substance convictions. (§ 1000, subd. (a)(1).) Second, there is no evidence the alleged current offense involved violence. (§ 1000, subd. (a)(2).) Third, the alleged current offense involved no other controlled substances besides the cocaine at issue. (§ 1000, subd. (a)(3).) Fourth, there is no indication petitioner has previously failed probation or parole. (§ 1000, subd. (a)(4).) Fifth, there is no evidence he has participated' in a drug diversion or deferred entry of judgment program in the last five years. (§ 1000, subd. (a)(5).) And sixth, there is no indication he has been convicted of any felony in the last five years. (§ 1000, subd. (a)(6).)
Despite seemingly satisfying the statutory criteria for deferred entry of judgment, the trial court relied on three prior conviction allegations under “Three Strikes” to deny petitioner’s request for deferred entry of judgment. In my mind, it is an unsettled question whether Three Strikes was properly applied here. Resolution of that question must await, however, the development of a fuller record and briefing when, and if, petitioner is convicted. (§ 1000, subd. (b) [provides right of postconviction appeal from denial of deferred entry of judgment]; see also People v. Hayes (1985) 163 Cal.App.3d 371, 375 [209 Cal.Rptr. 441] [if defendant goes to trial and is convicted, he may raise on appeal whether court properly refused to defer entry of judgment, and if he prevails on appeal, the judgment must be set aside and the case remanded to permit the trial court to exercise its discretion to defer entry of judgment]; People v. McAlister (1990) 225 Cal.App.3d 941, 944 [275 Cal.Rptr. 229] [same].) Accordingly, I concur in the majority’s decision to dismiss the petition for writ of mandate without reaching the merits of petitioner’s claim.
Petitioner’s application for review by the Supreme Court was denied July 15, 1998.
All statutory references are to the Penal Code unless otherwise indicated.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- WAYNE KEITH BUTLER, Petitioner, v. THE SUPERIOR COURT OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY, Respondent; THE PEOPLE, Real Party in Interest
- Cited By
- 6 cases
- Status
- Published