1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 MARIAN ANTHONY, Case No.: 25-CV-407 JLS (MMP)

12 Petitioner, ORDER DENYING PETITIONER’S 13 v. RENEWED EX PARTE MOTION FOR RELIEF UNDER 60(b) 14 CORINA GALVEZ,

15 Respondent. (ECF No. 18) 16

17 Presently before the Court is Petitioner Marian Anthony’s (“Petitioner”) ex parte 18 Renewed Motion to Vacate Remand Order Under FRCP 60(b)(3) and 60(b)(6), Retain 19 Federal Jurisdiction Due to State Fraud Voiding All Actions Ab Initio, and Address 20 Judicial Bias (“Mot.,” ECF No. 18). 21 BACKGROUND 22 On February 24, 2025, Petitioner filed a Notice of Removal (“Notice,” ECF No. 1). 23 However, such removal did not include a copy of the initial pleading Petitioner sought to 24 remove. Subsequently, on February 27, 2025, Plaintiff filed a Motion for Writ of 25 Mandamus; an Emergency Ex Parte Request for Relief, Order, and Hearing; and an 26 Emergency Ex Parte Motion to Dismiss Improper Procedure by Debora Cumba and Strike. 27 See ECF Nos. 2, 3, 4. 28 On March 5, 2025, the Court issued an Order directing Petitioner to show cause as 1 to why subject matter jurisdiction existed over the matter. ECF No. 6. Specifically, the 2 Court noted that Petitioner’s Notice of Removal was deficient as it did not include a copy 3 of the initial pleading, leaving the Court unable to identify the case Petitioner sought to 4 remove to federal court. Id. at 2. And the Court expressed that, to the extent Petitioner 5 was intending to remove a family matter involving child support from the Superior Court 6 of California, County of San Diego, “federal courts must decline jurisdiction of cases 7 concerning domestic relations when the primary issue concerns the status of parent and 8 child or husband and wife.” Id. at 2–3 (first quoting Buechold v. Ortiz,

, 372 9 (9th Cir. 1968); then citing Csibi v. Fustos,

, 137–38 (9th Cir. 1982); and then 10 citing Thompson v. Thompson,

(9th Cir. 1986)). 11 On March 24, 2025, Petitioner filed a Motion for Writ of Prohibition and Stay and a 12 Notice of Lodgment of Transcripts and Documents. ECF Nos. 7, 8. The next day, 13 Petitioner filed his Response to the Order to Show Cause. ECF No. 9. In his Response, 14 though still not providing the underlying Complaint, Petitioner clarified that he sought to 15 remove the San Diego Superior Court Case No. 19FL005322N. See id. at 1 (“Petitioner 16 Marian Anthony submits this response . . . addressing concerns about subject matter 17 jurisdiction over the removal of San Diego Superior Court Case No. 19FL005322N 18 involving Respondent Galvez.”). Petitioner argued there was jurisdiction “based on 19 constitutional claims, diversity, and state court failures necessitating federal oversight of 20 deprivation of right under color of law predicated by fraud, including fraud upon the 21 court[.]” Id. at 2. Respondent did not file a reply. See generally Docket. 22 As Petitioner identified the case he sought to remove, the Court evaluated whether 23 removal was proper, and concluded it was not. See ECF No. 15 (“Remand Order”). 24 Specifically, the Court emphasized that Petitioner was not alleged to be a defendant in the 25 state action he wished to remove, and accordingly, the Court found it lacked jurisdiction 26 and could not allow this case to proceed in federal court. Remand Order at 2 (first citing 27 Sharma v. HIS Asset Loan Obligation Tr. 2007-1 by Deutsche Bank Nat’l Tr. Co., 28

, 1170–71 (9th Cir. 2022) (finding district court erred by failing to remand 1 where the party who removed the case was not a named defendant); then citing Shamrock 2 Oil & Gas Corp. v. Sheets,

, 107–08 (1941); and then citing Am. Int’l 3 Underwriters (Philippines), Inc. v. Cont’l Ins. Co.,

(9th Cir. 1988) 4 (“The right to remove a state court case to federal court is clearly limited to defendants.”)).1 5 The Court then remanded the case 19FL005322N to the Superior Court of California, 6 County of San Diego and Petitioner’s case before this Court was closed. See Remand 7 Order at 2. 8 Subsequently, Petitioner filed a Motion to vacate that Remand Order because “newly 9 discovered evidence—100+ hours of body-worn camera recordings obtained on July 15, 10 2024—reveals Defendant Corina Galvez’s perjury, including false allegations of gun 11 threats, and state collusion in malicious prosecution, violating Plaintiff’s Fourth, Fifth, 12 Seventh, and Fourteenth Amendment rights.” ECF No. 16 at 3. 13 The Court denied Plaintiff’s Motion, finding it did not have jurisdiction to review its 14 Order, as the Remand Order “was based on a lack of subject matter jurisdiction, a ground 15 set forth in § 1447(c), and therefore, under § 1447(d) it is not subject to review—either on 16 appeal or on reconsideration by the district court.” ECF No. 17 (quoting Origo Fin. Servs. 17 Inc. v. PAR Movie LLC, No. 2:24-cv-06439-AB-PD,

, at *3 (C.D. Cal. 18 Sept. 24, 2024); then citing Smith, 761 F.3d at 1044 (holding that if the district court had 19 the power to remand sua sponte under 1447(c), section 1447(d) applies and there would be 20 “no jurisdiction to review even if the remand was erroneous”)). 21 ANALYSIS 22 Petitioner now argues the Remand Order must be vacated due to judicial bias and 23 “the state’s fraud.” See generally Mot. However, Petitioner’s Renewed Motion does not 24 overcome the threshold issue identified by the Court in its past Order denying his request 25

26 1 As the Court otherwise found removal was improper, the Court did not reach whether it would also be 27 required to decline jurisdiction over this action based on the domestic relations exception to jurisdiction. 28 See Buechold,

; see also Csibi, 670 F.2d at 137–38. 1 to vacate the Remand Order. As previously explained, under

(d), “[a]n 2 order remanding a case to the State court . . . is not reviewable on appeal or otherwise.” 3 The review bar of § 1447(d) applies “to remands based on the grounds specified in 4 § 1447(c), that is, a defect in removal procedure or lack of subject matter jurisdiction.” 5 Kircher v. Putnam Funds Tr.,

(2006) (“[W]e have relentlessly repeated 6 that ‘any remand order issued on the grounds specified in § 1447(c) [is immunized from 7 all forms of appellate review], whether or not that order might be deemed erroneous by an 8 appellate court.’”). Section 1447(c) “has been universally construed to preclude not only 9 appellate review but also reconsideration by the district court.” Seedman v. U.S. Dist. Ct., 10

, 414 (9th Cir. 1988) (district court barred from reconsidering its own remand 11 order). Conversely, “if the district court lacked authority to remand under § 1447(c), 12 appellate review is not precluded.” Corona-Contreras v. Gruel,

(9th 13 Cir. 2017); see also Smith v. Mylan Inc.,

(9th Cir. 2014) (“[Section] 14 1447(d) does not preclude review if the district court lacked authority to remand under 15 § 1447(c) in the first instance.”); Lively v. Wild Oats Mkts., Inc.,

(9th 16 Cir. 2006) (“[T]aken together, §§ 1447(c) and (d) bar appellate review of a remand order 17 only if the district court had authority to remand under § 1447(c).”). 18 Here, the Court remanded the action based on a lack of subject matter jurisdiction— 19 a ground specified in § 1447(c) that the Court may raise on its own. Specifically, the Court 20 observed that Petitioner did not allege he was a defendant in the underlying action, rather 21 he consistently referred to himself as “Petitioner” and Corina Galvez as “Respondent,” 22 titles which were supported by his attached “Register of Actions” in 19FL005322N, which 23 indicates he is the Petitioner in a “Dissolution with Minor Children.” Exhibit A2, ECF 24 No. 1-2 at 2. But § 1441(a) specifically limits removal to properly sued defendants, and 25 “contains no language allowing mistakenly omitted parties, wrongly excluded parties, or 26 any other type of non-defendant to remove an action to federal court.” Sharma, 27

(finding district court erred by failing to remand where the party who 28 removed the case was not a named defendant). 1 As such, the Remand Order “was based on a lack of subject matter jurisdiction, a 2 || ground set forth in § 1447(c), and therefore, under § 1447(d) it is not subject to review— 3 || either on appeal or on reconsideration by the district court.” Origo Fin. Servs. Inc., 2024 4 || WL 4502030, at *3; see also Smith,

(holding that if the district court had 5 ||the power to remand sua sponte under section 1447(c), section 1447(d) applies and there 6 || would be “no jurisdiction to review even if the remand was erroneous”’); S. Shore Ranches, 7 || LLC v. Lakelands Co., LLC, No. 1:09-cv-105 AWI DLB,

, at *1 (E.D. 8 ||Cal. May 6, 2010) (denying plaintiff's Rule 60(b)(3) motion to vacate the court’s remand 9 || order because it lacked the authority to reconsider its order under section 1447(d)). 10 CONCLUSION 11 For the foregoing reasons, the Court DENIES Petitioner’s Renewed Motion to 12 || Vacate Remand Under FRCP 60(b)(3) and 60(b)(6) (ECF No. 18). Any further motions 13 ||by Petitioner reiterating the same arguments from his initial Motion to Vacate (ECF 14 || No. 16) and Renewed Motion to Vacate (ECF No. 18) will be summarily denied. 15 IT IS SO ORDERED. 16 ||Dated: June 25, 2025 (ee 17 on. Janis L. Sammartino Ig United States District Judge 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28