There was no error in admitting in evidence the direction of the Spaniard, Atipas, as to the place at which the head, *105ears, and brand of the steer would be found. When these were found concealed at the place indicated,' the direction given by him as to the place ceased to have any significance whatever. The material fact was that they were found concealed; and it is immaterial by whom the information was given which led to their discovery, or whether it was obtained by means of duress.

The point that it was error to permit any other counsel for the prosecution than the District Attorney to conclude the arguments to the jury was decided adversely to the appellant in People v. Strong, 46 Cal., and we see no reason to doubt the correctness of the decision. Nor was there any error in-giving the second instruction requested by the prosecution. It was certainly competent for the jury to consider the fact that the ears and brand were cut off and concealed, in connection with other facts proved, in order to determine whether the defendant intended to steal the steer, the carcass of which was found in his possession. The instruction contained intimation that he was guilty of the larceny, but submitted to the jury the question whether his possession of the steer was innocent or felonious.

The third instruction given at the request of the prosecution is not unobjectionable. It omits to state that asportation is one of the necessary' elements of larceny, and that the killing of the steer must have been with the intent to steal it. The substance of the instruction is, that if the defendant caused the steer to be killed, with the intent to deprive the owner of it, he may be convicted, notwithstanding he had not “ actually carried said animal away.” Under this instruction the jury would have been authorized to convict the defendant, even though the steer had been killed as an act of malicious mischief, and without any felonious intent whatever, and without removing it from the spot where it fell. If ho had caused it to be killed from a feeling of malice towards the owner, with the intention to leave the carcass to decay where it fell and thus deprive the owner of it, all the requirements of the instruction would have been fulfilled, and it would have been the duty of the jury to convict. The instruction was, therefore, erroneous; and *106we must presume that it was injurious to the defendant unless the contrary clearly appears. We have no means of determining that the verdict was not based wholly on this instruction.

The tenth instruction requested by the defense was properly refused. The defendant was either a principal in the larceny, if one was committed, or he was wholly innocent of any offense whatever on the evidence before us. On the testimony of Alipas, the defendant, if guilty at all, was guilty as a principal; and on the testimony of the defendant himself, he was innocent of any offense. There was nothing in the evidence to justify the inference that he may have been guilty as an accessary, but not as a princijial. As the facts are here presented, he was guilty as a principal, if at all.

Judgment reversed, and cause remanded for a new trial.

Mr. Chief Justice Wallace did not express an opinion.