Birchwood Country Club, Inc. v. Board of Tax Review
Birchwood Country Club, Inc. v. Board of Tax Review
Opinion of the Court
Pursuant to General Statutes § 12-118 then in effect, the plaintiff corporation appealed to the Court of Common Pleas from a decision of the defendant board of tax review of the town of Westport. Following a trial, the court found the issues for the defendant and rendered judgment dismissing the plaintiff’s appeal, from which the plaintiff appealed to this court.
The finding, which is not subject to material correction, discloses the following: The plaintiff, a corporation, owns and operates a country club consisting of a golf course, tennis courts, club house and other facilities located on 81.86 acres of land in the town of Westport. On October 27, 1966, the Westport planning and zoning commission, pursuant
When the town assessor received the plaintiff’s application for open space classification on the list of October 1, 1972, he held it in abeyance pending the plaintiff’s submission of the open space easement described above. On the list of October 1, 1972, the defendant assessed 11.86 acres of the plaintiff’s land as “residential” at $22,000 an acre, and seventy acres as “recreational” open space at $3000 per acre. The town assessor and the planning and zoning commission, working together in their respective official capacities, determined that, in arriving at the “current use value” of open space land pursuant to the valuation rule mandated in General Statutes § 12-63, open space land devoted to a recreational use would be assessed at $3000 per acre and open space land that was passive in nature would be assessed at $1000 per acre.
Pursuant to the above procedure, the assessor’s total assessment of the plaintiff’s land in October, 1972, was $282,500. On the plaintiff’s appeal to the defendant board, however, the 1972 land assessment
The plaintiff contends that its property should have been assessed as open space land in the years 1972 through 1975, predicated upon the action of
From the foregoing, it is apparent that the initial “designation” of areas of open space land by a local planning commission is to be distinguished from the “classification” of such land by the town assessor. Although we agree with the plaintiff that, in the absence of any change in an open space area adversely affecting its essential character as such since the time of its designation, the assessor must classify such land as open space and include it as such on the assessment list; cf. Torrington Water Co. v. Board of Tax Review, 168 Conn. 319, 362 A.2d 866; there is no corresponding restriction precluding a local planning commission from altering its designation of areas in which open space classification has been made available in the first instance. To the contrary, the statutory provisions relating to open space land have, to a large extent, granted localities autonomy and flexibility in this important area of
In the present case, the plaintiff’s request for open space designation for its property was presented to the Westport planning and zoning commission in October, 1966. From the evidence before it, the trial court concluded that, in view of the commission’s expressed desire to devise a uniform policy in the area of open space designation, its initial designation of 81.86 acres of the plaintiff’s land as open space was made subject to change and refinement once the policies and procedures for open space were formulated by the commission. At the commission’s suggestion, the plaintiff’s attorney indicated his belief that the plaintiff would be interested in a future agreement whereby the town could obtain a guarantee from a landowner that the property would remain open space for a stated period of time.
In September, 1971, the planning and zoning commission adopted “Open Space Policies and Procedures” which detailed the policy of the town regarding open space designation. Apparently, only seventy acres of the plaintiff’s property qualified for such designation under the policy adopted in 1971; and, in September of 1972, a legal notice was published of a public hearing by the planning and zoning commission to review, inter alia, the open space designation of the plaintiff’s property “70 acres of which qualify under the Planning and Zoning Commission’s open space policy.” No evidence appears in the record indicating that the plaintiff contested this characterization of the open space status of its property, although it had the oppor
The burden was upon the plaintiff to prove that the assessment of its property was illegal or excessive. Rustici v. Stonington, supra, 15; Connecticut Coke Co. v. New Haven, 169 Conn. 663, 673, 364 A.2d 178. Prom the evidence and testimony presented,
The plaintiff’s second claim, that no authority exists for a differentiation in value between open space land used for recreational purposes and such land which is passive in nature, requires little discussion.
Nor is the fact that the valuation and assessment of the plaintiff’s land was increased in consecutive years where there was no change in use or renovation of the property indicative of non-compliance with the statutory valuation requirements. Since, under § 12-63, the valuation of the plaintiff’s classified land must reflect the current use value of that property; Rustici v. Stonington, supra, 13; its valuation in succeeding years will not necessarily remain constant. In this time of increasing property values, yearly valuations based upon current use might likewise reflect a corresponding increment. See, e.g., New Haven Water Co. v. Board of Tax Review, supra, 108 n.5.
There is no error.
In this opinion Loiselle, Bogdanski and Peters, Js., concurred.
In the trial court, the plaintiff made the following four claims of law which were overruled:
“23. A Tax Assessor is obligated by law to assess the entire acreage designated as open space by the Planning Commission as open space, where there has been no change in use from the date of designation.”
“24. The assessment for the designated open space areas should have been at the same acreage rate as that assessed on passive open space, where there was no income produced from the property’s use as recreational open space.”
“25. There is no authority for the Assessor to have insisted that the plaintiff and the Town of Westport enter into an open space easement prior to the assessment by the Assessor of the property as such open space.”
“26. The reassessment of the property for a higher value than that set by the Board of Tax Review for the prior year is illegal and arbitrary, in the absence of a general reassessment of all properties within the Town in the absence of any change in use.”
The trial court concluded that the plaintiff failed to adduce any evidence to support its claim that the assessor insisted the open space easement be granted to the town as a precondition to the assessment of that property as open space. In its appeal, the plaintiff has not established that conclusion to be erroneous.
At trial, the only witness to testify was the assessor for the town of Westport who was called by the plaintiff.
Notwithstanding the plaintiff’s first claim, that its entire acreage was entitled to be assessed as open space, the plaintiff does not claim error in the method of valuation used as to the 11.86 acres.
In its brief before this court, the plaintiff makes reference to the fact that, under General Statutes § 7-13 lb, it was entitled to an even lower assessment than that of open space land generally because of the easement agreement with the town. Since that issue was not raised in the trial court, it will not be considered here. See footnote 1, supra.
Dissenting Opinion
(dissenting). There is no dispute that on October 27, 1966, the Westport planning and zoning commission designated 81.86 acres of land owned by the plaintiff as open space pursuant to the provisions of § 12-107e of the General Statutes.
Under § 12-107e, the planning commission may, in preparing a plan of development, designate areas upon the plan which it recommends for tax treatment as open space land. The statute, in no uncertain terms, mandates that land designated as open space “shall” be classified and assessed as open
Although § 12-107e is silent as to the procedure for changing an initial open space designation, the power to redesignate initially qualified open space land ought to be no more permissive than the statutory restrictions on reclassification by an assessor. Reclassification by an assessor is limited to situations where the land initially designated as open space has undergone a change affecting its character as open space. The record indicates that neither the town nor the defendant board, after initially determining that the plaintiff’s land was qualified for open space tax treatment, at any time decided that the land had undergone any essential change. Yet, as of at least 1969, the town treated for tax purposes only seventy acres of the plaintiff’s land as open space. I can conceive of no cogent reason for allowing a town to alter its tax treatment of otherwise qualified open space land in the absence
More importantly, even assuming that the planning commission’s authority to redesignate open space land is not circumscribed by the same limitations placed upon the authority of an assessor to do so, the record discloses that there was, in fact, no redesignation of the plaintiff’s land for tax purposes. The record indicates only that in 1971, the town adopted “open space policies and procedures.” The record does not demonstrate that after the 1966 designation of the plaintiff’s land as open space on the town plan of development; see General Statutes § 12-107e (a); the town amended its plan of development to reflect that only seventy of the plaintiff’s acres were designated as open space. If an initial open space designation is required by § 12-107e (a) to be reflected upon the town plan of development, I believe that a change in the designation must similarly be reflected on the plan, after a hearing at which the affected owner could be heard on the proposed redesignation. Although the record discloses that the planning and zoning commission noticed a hearing to review the plaintiff’s open space designation, there is no evidence that the hearing ever took place. Thus, the adoption of the 1971 policies is treated by the majority as an “implicit redesignation” of the plaintiff’s property, which result is not only inconsistent with the statutory scheme; cf. Torrington Water Co. v. Board of Tax Review, 168
Neither can I agree with the majority’s discussion of the waiver issue. Although from 1969 to 1971 only seventy acres were treated as open space, the only years in question on this appeal are 1972-1975. The statute governing waiver, § 12-107e(c),
I would find error in the trial court’s determination of the first of the plaintiff’s claims of law alone and remand the case for further proceedings.
“[General Statutes] Sec. 12-107e. classification of land as open space land, (a) The planning commission of any municipality in preparing a plan of development for such, municipality may designate upon such plan areas which it recommends for preservation as areas of open space land. Land included in any area so designated upon such plan as finally adopted may be classified as open space land for purposes of property taxation if there has been no change in the use of such area which has adversely affected its essential character as an area of open space land between the date of the adoption of such plan and the date of such classification. . . .”
“[General Statutes] Sec. 12-107e. . . . (c) Failure to file an application for classification of land as open space land within the time limit prescribed in subsection (b) and in the manner and form prescribed in subsection (b) shall be considered a waiver of the right to such classification on such assessment list. . . (Emphasis added.)
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Birchwood Country Club, Inc. v. Board of Tax Review of the Town of Westport
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- 10 cases
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- Published