Macdonald v. Town of Upton
Macdonald v. Town of Upton
Opinion of the Court
Steven MacDonald ("Plaintiff") brought the instant action after he was terminated from employment with the Town of Upton in 2014. Plaintiff seeks damages for discrimination on the basis of his disability
Facts
Plaintiff worked for the Town as a maintenance worker and driver for the Upton Council on Aging ("COA") from 2006 to 2014, when he was terminated. He alleges that, beginning in 2010, Gardner discriminated against him because of his age and disability. For example, Plaintiff alleges that on a handful of times between February 2010 and March 2013, Gardner "docked" Plaintiff's pay resulting in a decrease of benefits and told Plaintiff that he would never be able to get another job because of his age. (Amended Complaint, ¶ 32). Gardner's discriminatory conduct against Plaintiff continued until March 1, 2013, when Gardner stopped working for the Town. While Gardner was still employed by the Town, Plaintiff informed Robinson about Gardener's discriminatory conduct towards him but Robinson "dismissed [Plaintiff's] complaints without discussion." (Id. at ¶ 30).
On June 20, 2013, Plaintiff filed a charge of discrimination in the Massachusetts Commission Against Discrimination ("MCAD"). In July 2013, Plaintiff's hours were further reduced to 19 hours per week, resulting in a loss of benefits. "While the MCAD's investigation proceeded, Plaintiff became increasingly concerned that Upton would terminate his employment based upon pretext" and in September 2014, "Plaintiff requested a leave of absence pending the resolution of the MCAD process. Robinson refused this request, and either Robinson or Upton misrepresented the nature of the leave requested by Plaintiff, claiming it to be health or mental health issues." (Id. at ¶ 47).
*211On September 30, 2015, the MCAD issued a finding of lack of probable cause. Plaintiff appealed, which was denied and the finding of lack of probable cause was affirmed. The Plaintiff subsequently filed this action in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts on December 9, 2016.
Standard
To survive a Rule 12(b)(6) motion to dismiss, a complaint must allege "a plausible entitlement to relief." Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly ,
Discussion
A plaintiff must file his state law claims for discrimination "not later than three years after the alleged unlawful practice occurred." Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 151B, § 9. Therefore, in order for the Plaintiff's action to be timely the alleged unlawful act must have occurred on or after December 9, 2013.
To the extent that Plaintiff argues that the continuing violation doctrine applies, the Court disagrees. In order for the continuing violation doctrine to apply, the plaintiff must show that "(1) at least one discriminatory act occurred within the ... limitations period; (2) the alleged timely discriminatory acts have a substantial relationship to the alleged untimely discriminatory acts [and] (3) earlier violations outside the ... limitations period did not trigger [the plaintiff's] 'awareness and duty' to assert his rights." Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. v. Massachusetts. Comm. Against Discrimination ,
The Plaintiff has failed to allege at least one discriminatory act that occurred within the statute of limitations period to act as the "anchor" for the pattern of discriminatory conduct. He points to the allegation that after he "requested a leave of absence pending the resolution of the MCAD process[,] Robinson refused and either Robinson or Upton misrepresented the nature of the leave requested...claiming it related to health or mental health issues..." (Amended Complaint, ¶ 47).
The statute of limitations begins to accrue at the time the Plaintiff knows or should have known of the harm suffered as a result of the employer's discriminatory conduct. Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. ,
*213There can be no question that Plaintiff understood that he was being discriminated against months prior to December 2013. To permit the Plaintiff to rely on the misrepresentation of his request for leave in order to restart the statute of limitations clock, even when it is clear that he had actual notice of the discriminatory conduct, would subject the statute of limitations to be futile. See Shay v. Walters ,
Conclusion
For the foregoing reasons, the Defendants motion to dismiss the counts of age and disability discrimination, and hostile work environment pursuant to M.G.L. c. 151B (Doc. No. 23) is granted.
SO ORDERED.
In 2004, Plaintiff was diagnosed with lumbar hernia in his back.
This action was originally filed in the Eastern Division but was transferred to this Court on March 29, 2017.
There are two time restrictions relevant to this action. A complaint filed pursuant to § 5 must be filed within 300 days of the alleged discriminatory conduct while § 9 limits the filing of civil actions to "90 days after filing a charge of discrimination in the MCAD...but not later than three years after the alleged unlawful practice occurred." Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 151B, §§ 5, 9. The Defendant focuses this motion to dismiss on § 9 arguing that all of the state law claims are barred by the 3 year statute of limitations.
Plaintiff alleges that he suffered an adverse employment action on the basis of age and disability when his hours were reduced resulting in ineligibility of receiving benefits. The Plaintiff states that he was terminated in 2014 but he does not allege that his termination was a result of discrimination. In fact, the Amended Complaint suggests that Plaintiff was terminated as a result of failing to show up to work. (Amended Complaint, ¶ 47). Even assuming that Plaintiff was alleging unlawful termination on the basis of discrimination, the only fact alleged that is related to such a claim is that "[p]laintiff became increasingly concerned that Upton would terminate his employment based upon pretext." (Id. at ¶ 46). This statement is conclusory and not sufficient to state a claim.
The Plaintiff also points to the allegation that Plaintiff "became increasingly concerned that Upton would terminate his employment based on pretext" and that "[o]n one occasion in August, 2014 Upton personnel falsely accused Plaintiff of 'angrily exiting' a room, and reported this to Upton Police. No Charges were ever filed," to argue that the continuing violation doctrine applies. (Amended Complaint, ¶ 46). Although these acts occurred within the statute of limitations period, I find that they consist of conclusory statements and allegations of conduct that are insufficient for a factfinder to draw a reasonable inference that the Plaintiff's hours and benefits decreased as a result of the Defendants discriminatory animus.
To the extent that this Court granted the Second Amended Complaint, it would fail to state a viable claim the same for the reasons discussed above.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Steven MACDONALD v. TOWN OF UPTON, Blythe Robinson, Town Administrator and James Gardner, Director of Council on Aging
- Cited By
- 2 cases
- Status
- Published