Special Disability Trust Fund v. Jack Eckerd Corp.
Special Disability Trust Fund v. Jack Eckerd Corp.
Opinion of the Court
In this workers’ compensation case, the Judge of Compensation Claims (JCC) granted the employer/carrier’s (e/c’s) claim for reimbursement from the Special Disability Trust Fund (the Fund). On appeal, the Fund argues that it was error to award reimbursement where: (1) competent substantial evidence did not support a finding that the employer had the requisite knowledge, prior to the industrial accident, that its employee had a permanent preexisting physical condition that would likely be a hindrance to employment; and (2) personality traits could not constitute a “permanent physical impairment” under section 440.49(2)(b)l., Florida Statutes (1985), so as to permit Fund reimbursement. We reverse the award of Fund reimbursement based upon the absence of employer knowledge, without deciding whether personality traits may be deemed a “permanent physical impairment” for purposes of Fund reimbursement.
At the hearing on the e/c’s claim for Fund reimbursement, Roller’s supervisor testified that Roller was an “outstanding” employee through the time of her initial employee review in May 1985, some two months after her hiring. Although she still rated “very good” at a September 1985 review, Roller began to have problems with increased absenteeism, crying at work, and leaving early some days due to her emotional state. In March 1986, in the context of a “verbal counseling,” which the supervisor described as the employer’s initial disciplinary measure, Roller blamed her absenteeism and tardiness on problems at home. Apparently, the verbal counseling was unsuccessful, as Roller’s performance problems continued through the date of her industrial accident. Roller never returned to her job after injuring her neck, shoulder and upper back while vacuuming on July 10, 1986.
During the remainder of 1986 and 1987, Roller underwent extensive medical treatment that included jaw and shoulder surgeries. In November 1987, she was hospitalized for a mental breakdown and was initially diagnosed as suffering from major depression. By all accounts, this was the first time Roller had sought or received any kind of psychiatric help. Roller was again hospitalized for depression in February 1988, but her treating psychiatrist, Dr. Linda Harper, made a discharge diagnosis of “adjustment disorder with depressed mood.”
Dr. Harper testified that Roller had preexisting dependent and hysterical personality traits that made her less able to cope with an injury, and predisposed her to the psychiatric condition she experienced after the industrial accident. Concerning the permanence of the personality traits, Dr. Harper stated that she “wouldn’t be in the business” if the traits were permanent, but they did not usually change without long-term treatment.
Interpreting Dr. Harper’s deposition testimony, the JCC concluded that Roller had preexisting personality traits that manifested emotionally and were permanent in nature. The JCC accepted Dr. Harper’s testimony that the traits merged with the industrial injuries to produce a psychological disorder that was substantially greater than that which would have resulted without the traits. On the critical question of the employer’s knowledge, the JCC found, based upon the supervisor’s testimony, that the knowledge requirement was satisfied because the employer was aware of Roller’s emotional outbursts and absenteeism prior to the industrial accident. The requisite findings made, the JCC proceeded to award Fund reimbursement.
To obtain Fund reimbursement, the e/c must establish “that the employer reached an informed conclusion prior to the occurrence of the subsequent injury or occupational disease that the preexisting physical condition is permanent and is, or is likely to be, a hindrance or obstacle to employment.” § 440.-49(2)(f)l., Fla.Stat. (1985); see Special Disability Trust Fund v. Siesta Lago Mobile Homes, 473 So.2d 8 (Fla. 1st DCA 1985).
In the instant case, the employer was not aware of any diagnosed psychiatric condition, but only knew that Roller was having emotional episodes at work apparently related to stress at home. The e/c argue that these
In sum, even if we were inclined to hold that the employee’s personality traits constituted a permanent physical impairment — a matter we leave unresolved — the evidence is insufficient to establish that the employer had the requisite knowledge of any permanent preexisting physical condition to permit Fund reimbursement. Accordingly, the award of reimbursement is REVERSED.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.