Government Employees Insurance v. Hardin
Government Employees Insurance v. Hardin
Opinion of the Court
In its plea in abatement the insurer contended that the plaintiff was precluded from maintaining the action because he had failed to comply with a provision of the policy requiring, in the event of a controversy as to the amount of loss and upon demand of either party, that the parties select appraisers to determine the amount of loss. The plea alleged that the defendant had written the plaintiff a letter referring to this provision of the policy and stating in part: “. . . From our independent appraiser, A. L. Cloud, of Macon, Georgia, he puts the value of the insured unit at between $650 and $795. . . If you desire to retain the service of an independent appraiser on
The letter alleged in the plea cannot be construed as a demand that the insured name an appraiser, nor can the insured’s inaction following the letter be called a failure to comply with a demand, or a refusal to name an appraiser as provided in the policy.
The trial court did not err in striking the plea in abatement.
The thrust of the defendant’s other grounds is that the submission of the case to the jury on the question of the insurer’s bad faith in refusing to pay the plaintiff’s claim and the verdict for penalty and attorney’s fees were not authorized by the evidence. The policy provided: “The limit of the company’s liability for loss shall not exceed the actual cash value of the property . . . nor what it would then cost to repair or replace the property or such part thereof with other of like kind and quality. . . .” The evidence showed that the insured’s loss occurred on November 23, 1961; the insured considered the damages to the value of his automobile to be $941—it was worth $1,300 before and $358 after the collision. He went to see the insurer’s
The insurer argues that the plaintiff did not prove any demand for payment made after proofs of loss had been waived by the insurer and sixty days before the suit was filed. The insurer, it contends, did not waive the filing of proofs of loss until January 2, 1962, when it wrote the letter quoted in Division 1; and the
Our courts have held that a refusal to pay waives compliance with requirements prescribed by the insurer for proofs of loss; and that a jury may find that an offer of a sum substantially less than the loss claimed amounts to a refusal to pay. Great American Co-op Fire Assn. v. Jenkins, 11 Ga. App. 784, 786 (76 SE 159); Moore v. Dixie Fire Ins. Co., 19 Ga. App. 800, 805 (92 SE 302); Sentinel Fire Ins. Co. v. McRoberts, 50 Ga. App. 732, 739 (179 SE 256); American Cas. Co. v. Holloway Loan &c. Co., 99 Ga. App. 471, 474 (108 SE2d 881); New York Underwriters Ins. Co. v. Holes, 101 Ga. App. 922, 925 (115 SE2d 474); Firemen’s Ins. Co. v. Allmond, 105 Ga. App. 763, 767 (125 SE2d 545); Reserve Life Ins. Co. v. Campbell, 107 Ga. App. 311, 314 (130 SE2d 236). Accordingly, the evidence in this case authorized a finding that the insurer had waived proofs of loss on or before December 16, 1961. Though the record does not show that the issue of when waiver of proof of loss occurred was made important at the trial, the verdict bespeaks that the determination of this issue as well as of all other issues established the defendant’s liability. Therefore, the case of State Farm Fire &c. Co. v. Thain, 108 Ga. App. 104, supra, is not authority against the plaintiff’s recovery of penalty and attorney’s fees.
The question of bad faith is to be judged upon the facts as they appeared at the time the company fails to pay at the expiration of the sixty-day period after demand for payment has been made, as they bear upon the insurer’s reason, or absence of reason, for refusing to pay the claim upon demand. Independent Life &c. Ins. Co. v. Hopkins, 80 Ga. App. 348 (56 SE2d 177); Calvert Fire Ins. Co. v. Mack, 88 Ga. App. 617 (76 SE2d 829).
The evidence created a question for the jury whether the insurer acted in bad faith in refusing to pay the plaintiff’s claim. Gulf Life Ins. Co. v. Matthews, 66 Ga. App. 162, 167 (17 SE2d 247); Reserve Life Ins. Co. v. Peavy, 98 Ga. App. 268, 269 (105 SE2d 465).
The defendant contends that testimony as to an agreement whereby plaintiff and his counsel were to divide equally all damages awarded, including attorney’s fees, over $473, had the prejudicial effect of causing the jury to award an excessive sum as attorney’s fees. Since the defendant elicited this testimony in cross examination, it affords no ground for setting aside the award of attorney’s fees.
The trial court did not err in overruling the defendant’s motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict and the general and special grounds of the motion for new trial.
Judgment affirmed.
070rehearing
On Defendant’s Motion for Rehearing.
The defendant contends that the evidence presented at the trial showed that its refusal to pay the amount claimed by the plaintiff was not frivolous and unfounded; but that the disparity between the defendant’s offer, based on a reputable estimate of the cost of repairing the plaintiff’s automobile, and the plaintiff’s claim, approximately twice that amount, shows on the contrary that the defendant had reasonable and probable cause for refusing to pay the claim. This argument overlooks the evidence of the plaintiff’s demand that the defendant itself repair and restore the automobile to its condition before the accident. The defendant, according to its own undisputed evidence, was not willing to undertake to repair because of the statement in the demand that plaintiff would not consider the claim satisfied unless the repairs made by the defendant restored the automobile to its former condition. But this demand was in accordance with the provision of the policy limiting the company’s liability to the actual cash value of the property or the
Rehearing denied.
Reference
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