McMillan v. General Motors Corp.
McMillan v. General Motors Corp.
Dissenting Opinion
dissenting. In this case discovery was granted by the trial court as to a written statement given by a witness to both the opposite party and his attorney. The court’s order makes it clear that good cause was shown for the production, by stating therein that it appeared the witness’ recollection was not clear as to some of the portions of the written statement, which, incidentally, dealt with the way and manner in which the automobile wreck occurred. The burden is always on the party appealing to show reversible error. Allen v. Smith, 223 Ga. 265, 266 (154 SE2d 605). Further, it will be presumed that a judgment rendered in a court of general jurisdiction is supported by every fact essential to make it valid and binding. Chance v. Chance, 60 Ga. App. 889, 892 (5 SE2d 399); Stamps Tire Co. v. Hartford Acc. &c. Co., 115 Ga. App. 326 (3) (154 SE2d 656); Atlantic C. L. R. Co. v. Gause, 116 Ga. App. 216, 225 (156 SE2d 476); Richards v. Richards, 203 Ga. 436 (4) (46 SE2d 900).
In this case I believe the written statement was discoverable. First of all, the discovery was sought of the party, and not of the attorney. The attorney had a perfect right to urge — if discovery had been sought of him — that he could not be compelled to discover his work product, and of course he would then have had the burden of showing that the paper in question was indeed the attorney’s work product. But no such privilege of immunity extends to the party, and in this case the record clearly shows that the party, as well as his attorney, took the paper in question. It has been properly held that a party can not take his evidence and
In the next place, the trial court determined that good cause existed for requiring production of the paper. It must be presumed that the trial judge had every fact before him which was essential to make his judgment valid and binding Atlantic C. L. R. Co. v. Gause, 116 Ga. App. 216, 225, supra; Stamps Tire Co. v. Hartford Acc. &c. Co., 115 Ga. App. 326 (3), supra.
I therefore dissent.
Opinion of the Court
1. Although the discovery statutes are to be liberally construed, and although the trial judge is vested with a discretionary power in the grant or refusal of motions for the produc
Whether, under our holding in Atlantic C. L. R. Co. v. Gause, 116 Ga. App. 216, supra, the statement sought might be regarded as beyond the shelter of the work product protection rule is not necessary to consider, for it is recited in the motion to require its production that the statement was "taken from Mr. Lyle by plaintiff’s attorney,” and in its order the court refers to it as a statement "given to plaintiff’s counsel.” Under the ruling of the Supreme Court in Smith v. Smith, 223 Ga. 551, supra, the statement is clearly within the work product rule and has its protection.
2. In the motion seeking an order for production of the statement defendant recognizes that it has gone no further than to show "good cause” and on that basis asks for the order. In its order requiring production the court asserts that "The defendant has shown good cause for the discovery of the statement.” Neither the movant nor the court considers that under the showing made any "necessity or justification” exists, — nor do we.
Our holding in Daugherty that in order to require the production of a work product item there must be a showing of more than "good cause” — a showing of "necessity and justification,” which is of a higher order than the good cause requirement, was approved in Smith v. Smith, 223 Ga. 551, supra, and the burden is on the movant to do so. Vaughn v. Chrysler Corp., 46 FRD 6. This means that the movant must demonstrate that a denial of the motion will result in a manifest injustice or an intolerable hardship. Atlantic C. L. R. Co. v. Daugherty, 111 Ga. App. 144, supra.
Judgment reversed.
Concurring Opinion
concurring specially. The defendant sought the production of the statement in question under Code Ann. § 81A-134 contending he had shown good cause. I concur in the court’s opinion that the statement was a work product item and that a showing of good cause was not sufficient. The question as to whether the statement would be subject to discovery under Code Ann. § 81A-126 on a proper showing of necessity is not in my opinion presently before the court. See Agnor, Use of Discovery Under Georgia Civil Practice Act, 53-57, § 2-26.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- McMILLAN v. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION Et Al.
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- 3 cases
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- Published