Gordon County Farms v. Edwards
Gordon County Farms v. Edwards
Opinion of the Court
We granted the application for discretionary appeal of the employer in this workers’ compensation case to review the judgment of the superior court. That judgment affirmed the order of the Board of Workers’ Compensation denying the employer’s defense controverting the claimant employee’s right to collect benefits. The pertinent facts of the case are as follows: In 1975, several years before being employed by the employer, the claimant suffered a work-related back injury which necessitated back surgery for a diskectomy at the L4-L5 level of the spine. The claimant received workers’ compensation benefits but his medical records indicate he was ultimately released for return to work with no restrictions.
It is uncontroverted that the injury arose out of the claimant’s employment and the employer commenced voluntary payment of benefits. In 1989, however, the employer suspended payment of benefits on the ground that it had discovered evidence of the claimant’s previous work-related back injury and a hearing was held on the employer’s claim that compensation should be retroactively denied on what it claimed was newly discovered evidence of the claimant’s misrepresentation. The administrative law judge denied the employer’s defense, finding no causal connection between the previous injury and the present injury, as required by the test adopted by the Georgia Supreme Court for determining when the employee’s misrepresentation of a previous work-related injury serves as a bar to compensation in Georgia Elec. Co. v. Rycroft, 259 Ga. 155 (378 SE2d 111) (1989). The board adopted the findings of the ALJ, also adding the conclusion that the alleged misrepresentation of the employee in this case did not constitute newly discovered evidence which would permit the employer to controvert benefits pursuant to OCGA § 34-9-221 (h).
We agree that the facts of this case do not establish that the alleged misrepresentation is newly discovered evidence pursuant to OCGA § 34-9-221 (h). Where the employer is thwarted in its opportunity to discover the evidence supporting its defense of the claim by the claimant’s own misrepresentation of facts, then evidence of noncompensability which is discovered after the expiration of the 60-day period for controverting a claim, as set forth in OCGA § 34-9-221 (h), is newly discovered evidence which gives the employer a ground for controverting benefits. Carpet Transport v. Pittman, 187 Ga. App. 463 (2) (370 SE2d 651) (1988). For evidence to qualify as newly
We do not intend to imply that an employer may not rely upon an employee’s representations concerning his physical condition or medical history and thus may never claim that discovery of misrepresentations constitutes newly discovered evidence to controvert benefits. As noted in the specially concurring opinion, the Georgia Supreme Court has held that the “employee cannot hide behind the argument that the employer has not engaged in extensive and expensive physical examinations and investigations in order to ascertain the potential employee’s health history.” Rycroft, 259 Ga. at 159. In this case, however, when the employer undertook to conduct a physical examination from which the true facts were discoverable through the exercise of ordinary diligence, then it was precluded from later claiming that the true facts were newly discovered after benefits had already been paid.
Judgment affirmed.
Concurring Opinion
concurring specially.
I reluctantly concur with the majority that the judgment of the superior court affirming the full Board should be affirmed. However, I do so only on the basis that, under the “any evidence rule” the superior court and this Court are bound by the determination of the full Board that there was not a sufficient causal connection between the false representation and the injury. This is the third element of the Rycroft defense as enunciated by the Supreme Court in Georgia Elec. Co. v. Rycroft, 259 Ga. 155 (378 SE2d 111) (1989).
However, I strongly disagree with the majority’s conclusion that the employer was precluded from relying upon the Rycroft defense because the alleged misrepresentation was not “newly discovered” evidence. A review of the record shows the application for employment
The majority incorrectly relies upon the fact that at the time of the commencement of employment of claimant by employer, a physician engaged by employer conducted a physical examination of the claimant. It is clear that the physician conducted the examination and submitted his report based upon claimant’s application wherein he asserted that he had no previous back problems or injury. “Since there is a presumption that an employer takes an employee as he finds him, the courts cited above have found it persuasive that an employer be able to rely on the employee’s description of his physical condition. Thus, the defrauding employee cannot hide behind the argument that the employer has not engaged in extensive and expensive physical examinations and investigations in order to ascertain the potential employee’s health history.” Georgia Elec. Co. v. Rycroft, supra at 159. The mere fact that an ordinary and usual pre-employment physical examination was done in which the examining physician relied upon the fraudulent misrepresentation of the employee should not preclude assertion of the Rycroft defense in a proper case.
It is true that the majority does limit its preclusion of the assertion of a Rycroft defense to the situation where, as in this case, the “employer undertook to conduct a physical examination from which the true facts were discoverable. . . .” (majority opinion, page 772.) However, the effect of this holding is to penalize an employer for requiring a pre-employment physical exam if that examination does not uncover the fact that the employee has made blatantly false statements and misrepresentations. I respectfully submit that the situation would be different if the examining physician had discovered that the employee’s statement concerning his medical history was untruthful and the employer had hired the applicant. Here no such discovery was made.
Accordingly, I concur in the judgment of affirmance only because we are bound by the finding of fact that there was no causal connection between the misrepresentation and the compensable injury.
I am authorized to state that Judge Johnson joins in this special concurrence.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.