In the Interest of R. L.
Opinion of the Court
Following a juvenile court’s finding that one-year-old R. L. is a deprived child due to the lack of care provided by his mother, R. L. appeals through his attorney. Because the record does not support a finding of deprivation, we reverse.
In considering an appeal from the juvenile court’s deprivation order, we review the evidence from the juvenile court hearings in the light most favorable to the court’s judgment and determine whether any rational trier of fact could have found by clear and convincing evidence that the [child was] deprived.1
So viewed, the record shows that in September 2011, a caseworker from the Department of Family and Children Services (“DFCS”) visited the home where R. L. was living with his mother and maternal grandmother. The mother was 19 years old and unemployed as she pursued her high school diploma, and the grandmother had temporarily become unemployed. Due to an unpaid electricity bill, the electricity had been turned off at the grandmother’s house. The caseworker noticed that all other needs of the child were being met and did not seek a shelter care order at that time.
OnNovember 22,2011, the juvenile court held a hearing at which the DFCS caseworker testified. The caseworker described her investigation of the case and the temporary placement of R. L. At the time of the hearing, the mother had moved into the house of a family friend who had volunteered to let her stay with him. A court appointed special advocate (“CASA”) had inspected the house and found it to be a suitable home environment for R. L. and the mother, but DFCS had not yet inspected it, despite being ordered to by the trial court 12 days prior to the hearing. The trial court ultimately found R. L. deprived based on findings of “no stable housing, no stable income, domestic violence, emotional abuse because the child was around domestic violence.” Nevertheless, the court placed the child in the custody of the mother subject to a protective order. The child now appeals.
1. As a preliminary matter, we address, sua sponte, the child’s standing to bring this appeal.
In the present case, the record reveals no conflict between the CASA volunteer participating in the juvenile court and the OCA attorney representing the child in the juvenile court. Indeed, the record demonstrates acquiescence by the CASA volunteer, a non-attorney, in the appeal brought as a matter of course by the child’s appointed legal advocate. Thus, there is no conflict between the CASA volunteer and the OCA attorney representing the child, and W. L. H. does not control this case.
2. Turning to the merits of the appeal, we consider R. L.’s argument that the trial court erroneously made a finding of deprivation.
As defined in OCGA § 15-11-2 (8) (A), a deprived child is a child who is without proper parental care or control, subsistence, education as required by law, or other care or control necessary for the child’s physical, mental, or emotional health or morals. In considering a deprivation petition, the petition is brought on behalf of the child and it is the child’s welfare and not who is responsible for the conditions which amount to deprivation that is the issue. The deprivation must be shown to have resulted from unfitness on the part of the parent, that is, either intentional or unintentional misconduct resulting in the abuse or neglect of the child or by what is tantamount to physical or mental incapability to care for the child.7
As this Court has explained, the State has the burden at a deprivation hearing to adduce “evidence of present deprivation.”
This record simply does not contain clear and convincing evidence supporting a finding of present deprivation.
Judgment reversed.
(Punctuation omitted.) In the Interest of D. W., 318 Ga. App. 725 (734 SE2d 543) (2012).
See In the Interest of W. L. H., 314 Ga. App. 185, 186 (723 SE2d 478) (2012), aff’d, 292 Ga. 521 (739 SE2d 322) (2013).
In the Interest of W. L. H., 292 Ga. at 525.
See id. at 524.
See In the Interest of W. L. H., 314 Ga. App. at 187.
Cf. In the Interest of J. C. W., 318 Ga. App. 772, 779-780 (1) (734 SE2d 781) (2012) (predating Supreme Court opinion in W. L. H. but distinguishing the facts of that case).
(Citations and punctuation omitted.) In the Interest of R. M., 276 Ga. App. 707, 715 (624 SE2d 182) (2005).
(Emphasis in original.) In the Interest of S. D., 316 Ga. App. 86, 89 (2) (728 SE2d 749) (2012). See In the Interest of J. J., 317 Ga. App. 462, 463 (1) (731 SE2d 766) (2012) (“The [S]tate must present evidence of present deprivation, not past or potential future deprivation.”).
Cf. In the Interest of C. T., 286 Ga. App. 186, 190 (2) (648 SE2d 708) (2007) (“although the mother may struggle financially and indeed may need assistance in the care of her children, the mere fact that she earns little money and lives in a modest home does not constitute clear and convincing evidence that the mother is unfit”).
(Citation and punctuation omitted.) In the Interest of R. M., 276 Ga. App. at 715.
See In the Interest of H. S., 285 Ga. App. 839, 842 (648 SE2d 143) (2007) (reversing a finding of deprivation absent a showing of harm when the child witnessed one incident of domestic violence).
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.