Whitton v. Whitton
Whitton v. Whitton
Opinion of the Court
Mrs. Gertrude E. Whitton, holder of a warranty deed from the executrix of the deceased former husband of Ruby I. Whitton, filed an action of ejectment in the fictitious form against Ruby I. Whitton and her sons, George M. Whitton and Robert W. Whitton. The defendants responded by a plea of not guilty.
The case proceeded to trial and after the jury had been sworn the defendants offered an amendment which admitted record title to the real estate to be in the plaintiff. The amendment further alleged that were it not for the matters specially thereinafter pleaded the plaintiff would be the true and lawful owner of the property in question.
The amendment alleged: that Ruby Whitton on January 14, 1946 executed a gift deed purporting to convey the property in dispute to John L. Whitton predecessor in title of the plaintiff; that the deed was recorded on January 17, 1946; that the deed was procured by the duress, coercion and undue influence of John Whitton then the husband of Ruby Whitton; that Ruby Whitton and John Whitton separated in the summer of 1946 but later reconciled their differences and on September 12, 1946, entered into a reconciliation agreement whereby they agreed to convey the property in dispute to their minor children, George and Robert, now defendants in ejectment; that Ruby and John thereafter considered, anff acknowleged the property to be owned by their two sons and occupied the. property under and in the right of their two sons-until March 26, 1947, at which time John Whitton deserted his wife and- children.
The amendment further alleged that the defendant sons have
Upon the tendering of the amendment the plaintiff moved the court to continue the case because she had been surprised. The court denied the plaintiff’s motion for a continuance and allowed the amendment. The plaintiff’s request for time in which to file demurrers was allowed. General and special demurrers were filed and overruled except for one special demurrer which was sustained which required the defendants to further amend by attaching to their plea a copy of the alleged warranty deed from Ruby Whitton to her two sons. The jury returned a verdict in favor of the defendants and title was decreed in George and Robert Whitton.
Plaintiff excepts to the denial of her motion for a continuance and to the overruling of her demurrers. Plaintiff further excepts to the overruling of her motion for a new trial and to the overruling of her motion for a judgment notwithstanding the verdict.
Error is assigned on the refusal of the trial court to grant the plaintiff’s motion for a continuance after the defendants filed their amendment to their plea of general issue. The record does not disclose that either the plaintiff under oath or her counsel in her place stated that the motion was not urged for purposes of delay as is required by Code § 81-1409. In the absence of such a statement an order refusing to continue the case will not be reversed. See Gregory v. Ross, 214 Ga. 306 (104 SE2d 452), and cases therein cited.
Error is assigned on the overruling of the plaintiff’s general and special demurrers to the defendants’ amendment to their answer. In this amendment the defendants asserted their title to the premises as being superior to the record title of the plaintiff on three grounds: (1) In 1946 the defendant Ruby Whitton executed without consideration a deed to the premises to her husband John L. Whitton as a result of fraud and duress
The issue here being who had legal title to the premises and the defendants admitting that prima facie the plaintiff had a record title to the premises, the defendants could assert one or more reasons why the plaintiff’s record title was not valid against the claims of the defendants, any one of which, proved by a preponderance of the evidence, would defeat the plaintiff’s asserted title. As to the defense of fraud which would render the plaintiff’s title void, see Widincamp v. Widincamp, 135 Ga. 644 (70 SE 566), and Bourquin v. Bourquin, 110 Ga. 440 (35 SE 710). The allegations of the amendment are sufficient to allege exclusive possession of the two sons for seven years and create the presumption of a gift from the father to the two sons under Code § 48-106. See Holt v. Anderson, 98 Ga. 220 (25 SE 496). The allegation as to adverse possession for more than seven years by the children under color of title was sufficient to withstand a general demurrer. Code §§ 85-401, 85-402, 85-407; Veal v. Robinson, 70 Ga. 809. It was not error to overrule the general demurrer to the amendment nor was it error to overrule the special demurrers on the ground that the three defenses were duplicitous and contradictory. Code § 81-310.
We now come to the plaintiff’s assignment of error on the admission of testimony over her timely objection. The trial court permitted Ruby Whitton to testify concerning the circumstances under which she executed the deed to the property in question to John Whitton on January 14, 1946. Plaintiff’s objection was based on Code § 38-1603 (1) which provides in
This leaves for consideration special grounds 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the amended motion for new trial.
Ground 6 of the amended motion assigns error on the trial court’s charge that in order for the plaintiff as a bona fide purchaser to be protected from the claim of the defendants George and Robert Whitton the jury must find that all of the following elements exist: First, that the plaintiff purchased the property
Immediately preceding the portion of the charge upon which error is assigned the court charged the jury as follows: “In order for the purchaser under a deed to be protected from the ripening of a prescriptive title or to avoid cancellation of a deed for fraud, he must be a bona fide purchaser for value without notice; that is, the purchaser must have paid a valuable consideration for the property, in good faith and without notice of any fraud in the chain of title, or without notice of any adverse claim by anyone in possession of the premises.
“Adverse possession of land is notice of whatever facts would be developed by inquiry of the person in possession.
“Applied to the present case, this means that, if you find that Mrs. Ruby Whitton and George and Robert Whitton, or any of them, were in actual open possession of the property at the time Mrs. Opel Whitton claimed to acquire the title thereto, and that inquiry from the person in possession would have informed her that the possessor claimed that the title was in George and Robert Whitton, then she would be presumed to have notice or not. The same principle applies to Mrs. Gertrude Whitton as of the time of her alleged acquisition of the title.
“I charge you in regard to the defense of adverse possession relied upon by the defendants as to the question of whether or not the possessors were in possession in good faith. If at the time the prescriptive title began to run, the possessors were in good faith then the requirement of good faith has been met. It matters not that the possessors might have later become acquainted with the fact that they had made a mistake as the law in regard to their color of title; this would not defeat prescription.”
Error is assigned in special ground 7 on the court’s charge that by express statute the exclusive possession by a child of lands belonging originally to the father without the payment of rent for the space of seven years shall create a presumption of a gift and convey the title to the child unless there shall be Evidence of a lease or a claim of dominion by the father acknowledged by the child or a disclaimer of title by the child. It is contended that this charge is unsupported by the evidence. There was evidence that the father, more than seven years prior to his death, had given the property to his two sons and that they had exclusive possession of the premises during this period. There was no evidence of a loan or a claim of dominion by the father or a disclaimer of title by the two sons.
Grounds 4 and 5 not being argued will be treated as abandoned.
5. We come now to the assignment of error on the overruling of plaintiff’s motion for judgment n.o.v. and the denial of her motion for a new trial on the general grounds. We think the evidence was sufficient to support the verdict. Defendants sought to defend against plaintiff’s suit in ejectment on three alternative
From what has been said above it is obvious that the trial judge did not err in refusing to grant a directed verdict or a judgment notwithstanding the verdict.
Judgment affirmed.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.