Garcia v. Garcia
Garcia v. Garcia
Opinion of the Court
We granted the application for discretionary review filed by appellant Christopher Garcia who sought review of the final judgment and decree of divorce which ordered him to make weekly payments for the support of appellee Lisa Garcia’s daughter, who is not the biological child of appellant and was eight years old when appellant and appellee Lisa Garcia were married in 2002.
A man who is the biological father of a child has a statutory obligation to provide support for the child. OCGA § 19-7-2. A person who adopts a child has a similar duty of support. OCGA § 19-8-19 (a) (2). A person who executes a written agreement promising to provide support for a child is bound by the terms of the agreement. See Brannon v. Brannon, 261 Ga. 565 (407 SE2d 748) (1991) (husband assumed obligation of support of grandchild in settlement agreement incorporated into divorce decree); Foltz v. Foltz, 238 Ga. 193 (1) (232 SE2d 66) (1977) (settlement agreement in which husband agreed to pay child support for wife’s child from a previous marriage). In Wright v. Newman, 266 Ga. 519, 520-521 (467 SE2d 533) (1996), this Court applied the doctrine of promissory estoppel as set out in OCGA § 13-3-44 (a)
It is undisputed that appellant is not the biological or adoptive father of the child; that appellant, appellee, and the child know the identity of the child’s biological father; that the biological father lives in Carroll County, Georgia; and that appellant did not execute a written contract to support the child. It is also undisputed that appellant, four months after he married the child’s mother and knowing he was not the child’s biological or adoptive father, signed an application to amend the child’s birth certificate so as to list appellant as her father and gave the child his last name. At the evidentiary hearing, the trial court found credible appellee’s testimony that appellant had applied for the amended birth certificate because he wanted to be the child’s father and have the three of them be a family, and that appellant had promised “he would be there for her and take care of her and be her father.”
As was the case in Wright, the testimony of the child’s mother and appellant’s act of seeking the amended birth certificate with knowledge he was not the child’s biological or adoptive parent support the trial court’s conclusion that appellant promised to assume the obligations and responsibilities of fatherhood, including that of providing support. However, the case before us differs significantly from Wright in that there is no finding by the trial court or evidence in the record of the second prong of promissory estoppel: that appellee and her child relied upon appellant’s promise to their detriment. In Wright, the trial court found the child’s mother, in reliance on Wright’s promise of support, had foregone a source of
Judgment reversed.
The application for appeal was granted pursuant to this Court’s Family Law Pilot Project in which we grant all non-frivolous applications from the entry of a judgment and decree of divorce. Wright v. Wright, 277 Ga. 133 (587 SE2d 600) (2003).
OCGA § 13-3-44 (a) states:
*153 A promise which the promisor should reasonably expect to induce action or forbearance on the part of the promisee or a third person and which does induce such action or forbearance is binding if injustice can be avoided only by enforcement of the promise. The remedy granted for breach may be limited as justice requires.
The trial court found less credible appellant’s assertion that he had applied for the amended birth certificate at the request of the child and appellee in order to effect a name change for the child so that she would have the same last name as her mother.
Concurring Opinion
concurring.
In this case, the record shows that the appellant, Christopher Garcia, promised emotional and financial support to a child, Courtney Garcia, even though he knew at the time he made those promises that he was not her natural parent. Although basic moral considerations should impel Christopher to fulfill these promises to a young child, I believe that the majority properly concludes that he is not legally obligated to do so. The reason is that the record shows that Christopher’s promises to the child and her mother did not induce the mother or the child to forego the opportunity to develop an emotional relationship with the child’s biological father or to seek support from him. Accordingly, although the result is unpalatable, I am compelled to join the majority opinion.
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