Essex Insurance v. Galilee Medical Center SC
Essex Insurance v. Galilee Medical Center SC
Opinion of the Court
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER
Plaintiff Essex Insurance Company (“Essex”) has brought this action against Defendants, Galilee Medical Center SC, d/b/a MRI Lincoln Imaging Center (“Galilee”), and Luis Angarita, M.D. (“Angarita”) (collectively, “Defendants”). Essex has moved for summary judgment, seeking a declaration that it is entitled to a rescission of an insurance policy that was issued to Galilee due to material misrepresentations made by Defendants in their applications for the policy, or in the alternative, that it has no duty to defend or indemnify Defendants with respect to an underlying state court lawsuit.
BACKGROUND
Essex is an insurance company, organized in Delaware and with a principal place of business in Glen Allen, Virginia. Galilee, a medical center, is an Illinois corporation with a principal place of busi
The Ravelo Laivsuit
In the Ravelo lawsuit, Rosa Ravelo, a former patient of Angarita, has sued Angarita and Galilee for medical negligence based on mesotherapy treatments recommended and administered to her by Angarita. (SOF ¶¶ 6-8; see also Ravelo Second Am. Compl., Dkt. No. 101-3.) Mesotherapy is a non-surgical medical treatment involving injection of medications, including phosphatydylcholine, into subcutaneous layers of fat. (SOF ¶ 13.) Neither mesotherapy nor phosphatydylcholine injections have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) for any purpose.
Ravelo has alleged that Angarita administered mesotherapy treatments to her, at 3 E. Quincy St. in Riverside, Illinois, from November 15, 2008 through July 30, 2009, and that as a result, she developed painful, blister-like, infected granulomas on her body. (SOF ¶¶ 17-18; see also Ravelo Second Am. Compl. (“SAC”), Dkt. No. 101-3.)
The Essex Insurance Policy
Essex issued a professional liability insurance policy, policy number SM-878273, to Galilee for the period of March 1, 2011 to March 1, 2012 (the “Essex policy”).
Both Galilee and Angarita submitted applications to Essex in support of Galilee’s policy request; those applications contained a notice that the application would be considered part of the policy and that Essex would rely on the information submitted in issuing the policy. (SOF ¶¶ 34-38.)
In its application, Galilee answered “No” to the following question: “Does the Applicant’s employees or independent contractors [u]se drugs for weight reduction for patients?” (SOF ¶ 36.) The application further stated, “If Yes, attach a list of drugs used and percentage of practice devoted to weight reduction”; Galilee did not identify any such drugs. (SOF ¶ 36.) Galilee also answered “No” to the question of whether its employees or independent contractors performed any experimental procedures or research testing, and whether those experimental procedures were FDA approved. (SOF ¶ 36.) Likewise, Angarita answered “No” as follows to these questions on his application:
With the exception of surgery for obesity, does your practice include weight reduction or control by other [sic ] than diet or exercise? ... [ ] Yes [X] No * * *
5.(b) Do you dispense any drugs? ... [ ] Yes [X] No
5.(c) Do you use injections for weight control? ... [ ] Yes [X] No
9.(a) Do you use experimental procedures, devices, drugs or therapy in treatment or surgery? ... [] Yes [X] No
(SOF ¶39 (emphasis added).) Frances O’Connell, the managing director of Markel Services, Incorporated, which is the underwriting manager for Essex, has submitted an affidavit stating that if Galilee and Angarita had answered “Yes” to those questions above, Essex would not have issued the Essex policy to Galilee or would have issued it for a much higher premium than the premium charged. (SOF ¶ 41.)
LEGAL STANDARD
Summary judgment is proper “if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). The moving party bears the initial responsibility of
In considering a motion for summary judgment, the court must view the evidence in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party and draw all reasonable inferences in the nonmoving party’s favor. Abdullahi v. City of Madison, 423 F.3d 763, 773 (7th Cir. 2005) (citing Anderson, 477 U.S. at 255, 106 S.Ct. 2505). The court does not make credibility determinations or weigh conflicting evidence. Id.
ANALYSIS
As the parties agree, Illinois substantive law governs this diversity case. See, e.g., Tanner v. Jupiter Realty Corp., 433 F.3d 913, 915 (7th Cir. 2006). Under Section 154 of the Illinois Insurance Code, 215.ILCS 5/154 (“Section 154”), an insurance company may deny coverage, inter alia, because of a misrepresentation in an insurance application where the misrepresentation “materially affects either the acceptance of the risk or the hazard assumed by the company.” 215 ILCS 5/154.
Here, Essex argues that Defendants made the following material misrepresentations: (1) Galilee’s answer of “No” when asked whether its employees use drugs for weight reduction; (2) Angarita’s answers of “No” when asked if his practice includes weight reduction by methods other than diet or exercise and if he “dispenses drugs or uses injections” for weight control; (3) Galilee’s answer of “No” when asked whether its employees use experimental procedures and leaving the space blank when asked if any experimental procedures had been approved by the FDA; and (4) Angarita’s “No” answer when asked if he uses experimental procedures, drugs or therapy in treatment. (SOF ¶¶ 17, 36, 39.) Defendants respond that the applications were not misrepresentations because Angarita uses mesotherapy for “size reduction,” not “weight reduction.” They further argue that any misrepresentations were not material to Essex’s issuance of the Essex policy.
Defendants’ argument that there is a material difference between “size reduction” and “weight reduction” is disingenuous, at best. Angarita has admitted that he practices mesotherapy, with injections of a drug that has not been approved by the FDA, as a means to “dissolve deposits of subcutaneous fat to reduce the size” of his patients. (ASAF ¶ 2.) No reasonable juror could find that Essex’s applications asking about “weight reduction” practices and injections did not also include “size reduction” practices or injections meant to “dissolve fat.”
Likewise, Defendants have not shown that there is a genuine issue of material fact whether their misrepresentations were material. A material misrepresentation is “one that affects either the acceptance of the risk or the hazard assumed by the insurer.” Western World Ins. Co., 490 F.Supp.2d at 943 (citing Methodist Med. Cent., 38 F.3d at 320). Materiality can be demonstrated by showing that the insurance company would have imposed different conditions on the insurance policy, including a higher premium, if the company had known the truth of the misrepresentations. Western World Ins. Co., 490 F.Supp.2d at 943 (voiding insurance policy based on material misrepresentations).
Defendants argue that Essex would have issued the Essex policy even if Essex had known about Angarita’s mesotherapy practice. Defendants have submitted no support for this argument, except to point to the application questions asking about what types of drugs would be used for weight reduction. Defendants’ argument is undercut by the questions themselves and does not create a genuine issue of material fact. The detailed questions on the applications about weight reduction, drugs, and injections demonstrate that
Essex also has submitted evidence in the form of an affidavit from a managing director of its underwriter manager, O’Connell, demonstrating that Essex would not have issued the policy or would have issued the policy under different conditions had Defendants answered the weight reduction questions truthfully. Testimony from “an underwriter/employee may be sufficient to establish the materiality of a misrepresentation or omission in an application for insurance.” Western World Ins. Co., 490 F.Supp.2d at 943. Although Defendants take issue with the O’Connell affidavit as self-serving, this is insufficient to create a material issue of genuine fact.
No genuine issue of material fact exists as to whether Defendants made material misrepresentations in their applications for the Essex policy. Galilee’s and Angarita’s denials about weight loss practices were materially false and significantly altered the risk that Essex was assuming in issuing the Essex policy. As such, the applications did not create a valid insurance contract under Illinois law and the Essex policy is properly declared void and rescinded.
CONCLUSION
For the reasons stated above, Essex’s Motion for Summary Judgment [106] is granted, and the Essex policy is voided and rescinded pursuant to 215 ILCS 5/154. The alternative relief requested by Essex is denied as moot; and Defendants’ Motions for Judgment on the Pleadings [109, 111] are denied as moot.
All pending matters having been resolved, this civil case is terminated.
. Essex has set forth other arguments in support of its Motion: (1) that Angarita was not an employee of the Named Insured; (2) Angarita’s wrongful conduct was excluded by the Essex policy; (3) Angarita knew, prior to the start of the Essex policy period, of a potential claim under the policy; (4) Angarita's use of drugs not approved by the FDA was excluded under the policy; (5) Angarita’s treatments at his home was not covered by the Essex policy; and (6) neither treatment nor the recommendation provided by Angarita to Ravelo constituted "professional services" under the Essex policy. However, it is not necessary to discuss or resolve these issues based on the analysis and ruling on the issue of rescission.
. Local Rule 56.1(a)(3) requires the party moving for summary judgment to provide "a statement of material facts as to which the moving party contends there is no genuine issue.” Rule 56.1(b)(3) then requires the non-moving party to admit or deny each factual statement proffered by the moving party and, in the case of any disagreement, to specifically reference the "affidavits, parts of the record, and other supporting materials relied upon." See also Schrott v. Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., 403 F.3d 940, 944 (7th Cir. 2005). A litigant's failure to dispute the facts set forth in its opponent’s statement in the manner required by Local Rule 56.1 deems those facts admitted for purposes of summary judgment. Smith v. Lamz, 321 F.3d 680, 683 (7th Cir. 2003); see also Bordelon v. Chicago School Reform Bd. of Trustees, 233 F.3d 524, 527 (7th Cir. 2000) (the district court has discretion to require strict compliance with its local rules governing summary judgment). Furthermore, it is not the duty of the district court to scour the record in search of material factual disputes. Roger Whitmore’s Auto. Servs. Inc. v. Lake Co., 424 F.3d 659, 664 (7th Cir. 2005).
. Indeed, by press release dated April 7, 2010, the FDA stated that it had issued warning letters to several U.S. based medical spas and a company in Brazil for making false statements about mesotherapy. The FDA noted that it had received reports of adverse effects in persons who have had mesotherapy "including permanent scarring, skin deformation, and deep painful knots.” See http:// www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/Press Announcements/ucm207453.htm (last visited October 10, 2013).
. Ravelo has amended her complaint a few times; in the most recent version, her second amended complaint, Ravelo alleges that she consulted with Angarita about mesotherapy and that he recommended mesotherapy for purposes of "size reduction.” (See, e.g., Rave-lo SAC ¶¶ 19, 20.) However, it is undisputed that in previous complaints, Ravelo alleged that Angarita recommended mesotherapy for "weight loss.” (See, e.g., Essex’s Memorandum in Supp. of Summary Judgment, Exh. A ¶¶ 19, 20.)
. Galilee’s application was dated February 21, 2011; Angarita’s application was dated August 20, 2008. (SOF ¶¶ 34, 37.)
. Specifically, Section 154 provides: No misrepresentation or false warranty made by the insured or in his behalf in the negotiation for a policy of insurance, or breach of a condition of such policy shall defeat or avoid the policy or prevent its attaching unless such misrepresentation, false warranty or condition shall have been stated in the policy or endorsement or rider attached thereto, or written application therefor. No such misrepresentation or false warranty shall defeat or avoid the policy unless it shall have been made with actual intent to deceive or materially affects either the acceptance of the risk or the hazard assumed by the company. 215 111. Comp. Stat. 5/154.
. Indeed, Defendants do not argue that these "size reduction" practices were intended to make Ravelo shorter.
. An affidavit should not be disregarded simply because it is “self-serving.” Kaba v. Stepp, 458 F.3d 678, 681 (7th Cir. 2006). As the Seventh Circuit has stated, "[m]ost affidavits are self-serving, as is most testimony, and this does not permit a district judge to denigrate a plaintiff's evidence when deciding whether a material dispute requires trial.” Id. (citing Wilson v. McRae’s, Inc., 413 F.3d 692, 694 (7th Cir. 2005); see also Dalton v. Battaglia, 402 F.3d 729, 735 (7th Cir. 2005) (“We have repeatedly stated that the record may include a so-called ‘self-serving’ affidavit provided that it is based on personal knowledge.”).
Reference
- Full Case Name
- ESSEX INSURANCE COMPANY v. GALILEE MEDICAL CENTER SC, d/b/a MRI Lincoln Imaging Center, and Luis Angarita, M.D.
- Cited By
- 1 case
- Status
- Published