Pfaffenberger v. Brooks
Pfaffenberger v. Brooks
Opinion of the Court
OPINION
Appellants-plaintiffs Wallace M. Pfaffen-berger, Gayle Pfaffenberger, George W. Pfaffenberger and Colletta Jo Pfaffenberger (collectively Pfaffenbergers) appeal the dismissal of their complaint against appellees-defendants John J. Brooks, Sara K. Brooks, Everett Rex Early and Bonnie L. Early (collectively Brooks) to recover the amount owed on a promissory note.
FACTS
On November 12, 1986, the Brooks executed a $105,225 promissory note to Pfaffenber-ger Builders, Inc., an Indiana corporation, for the second phase of construction on the Canterbury Apartments in Seymour, Indiana. Sometime thereafter, Pfaffenber-ger Builders, Inc. was voluntarily dissolved.
DISCUSSION AND DECISION
A motion to dismiss under TR. 12(B)(6) is made to test the legal sufficiency of a claim, not the facts supporting it. Gray v. Westinghouse Electric Corp. (1993), Ind.App., 624 N.E.2d 49, 52, trans. denied. On review, we determine whether the complaint states any allegation upon which relief can be granted. Id. A complaint cannot be dismissed under TR. 12(B)(6) unless it appears to a certainty that the plaintiff would not be entitled to relief under any set of facts. Huggins v. Indiana Parole Board (1992), Ind.App., 605 N.E.2d 229, 230, trans. denied. We must take the facts alleged in the complaint as true and determine whether, in a light most favorable to the plaintiff, the complaint is sufficient to constitute a valid claim. Gray, 624 N.E.2d at 52.
The well established rule is that shareholders of a corporation cannot maintain actions in their own name to redress an injury to the corporation. W & W Equipment Co., Inc. v. Mink (1991), Ind.App., 568 N.E.2d 564, 570-71, trans. denied. Rather, a
In the instant case, we find that the reasons for requiring that shareholders bring a derivative action are not present. First, there is not a possibility for a multiplicity of shareholder suits because all of the shareholders of Pfaffenberger Builders, Inc. have joined in the present action to recover under the promissory note. Second, Pfaffenberger Builders, Inc. has paid all of its debts, and thus, there is no evidence of the existence of any creditor in need of protection. Third, since all of the shareholders are parties to the suit, there can be no prejudice to other shareholders not named as parties. Lastly, because the corporation is in the process of winding-up and all of the debts have been paid, the corporation would eventually be required to distribute the proceeds from the promissory note to the shareholders. Therefore, the Pfaffenbergers, as shareholders, would receive the proceeds from the note regardless of whether this action was brought by them individually or in the name of the corporation.
Moreover, we observe that had the Pfaffenbergers attempted to bring a derivative action, they could have easily satisfied the requirements for doing so.
Judgment reversed.
. Although it is unclear from the record, we will assume for purposes of this appeal that Pfaffen-berger Builders, Inc. was still in the process of winding-up its affairs at the time that this action was filed.
. The requirements for bringing a derivative action include: 1) that the shareholder is a shareholder who fairly and adequately represents the interests of all the (injured) shareholders, 2) that the complaint be verified, 3) that the complaint allege that a demand had been made to obtain action by the board of directors or demonstrate why such a demand was not made. Barth, 651 N.E.2d at 292-93.
Concurring Opinion
concurring in result.
"Dissolution of a corporation does not ... transfer title to the corporation's property." I.C. 28-1-45-5(b) (emphasis added). This provision applies to voluntary dissolutions and to administrative dissolutions effected under LC. 28-1-46-2. These statutory provisions set forth the procedures for dissolution and the winding up of corporate affairs. They exist to protect shareholders, taxing authorities and creditors. Requiring adherence to these provisions does not exalt form over substance. Allowing the plaintiffs to sue in their individual names for collection of what is a corporate asset without compliance with statutory dissolution procedures would
$o. , , Here, the plaintiffs allege in their amended complaint that they undertook certain winding up procedures and that as a part of such procedures the promissory note here at issue was "surrendered" to the plaintiffs. Record, p. 22. Such an allegation is sufficient to withstand a motion to dismiss. At trial, the plaintiffs will have the burden to prove a proper transfer of the promissory note from the corporation to themselves personally.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Wallace M. PFAFFENBERGER, Gayle Pfaffenberger, George W. Pfaffenberger and Colletta Jo Pfaffenberger, Appellants-Plaintiffs, v. John J. BROOKS, Sara K. Brooks, Everett Rex Early and Bonnie L. Early, Appellees-Defendants
- Cited By
- 5 cases
- Status
- Published