Larry and Terri Anderson filed a personal injury action against the debtor Trust1 on February 5, 2018, in Greene County, Missouri. In that action, the Andersons seek damages for injuries allegedly suffered by Mr. Anderson at one of Debtors' properties in 2015, prior to the commencement of Debtors' bankruptcy cases. Acknowledging that they have not filed a proof of claim against the Trust, the Andersons now move this Court to annul the automatic stay under § 362(d)2 and *87modify the § 524 discharge injunction3 to allow their state court action to proceed-not to collect from the Trust, but rather to establish liability so that they may collect from the Trust's insurer, Travelers.4 The Trust opposes the Andersons' motion in briefs5 filed jointly with creditor JD Holdings, L.L.C. (together with the Trust, the "Joint Objectors "), which is obligated to pay all allowed claims against Debtors pursuant to Debtors' confirmed Chapter 11 plans.

The Joint Objectors' opposition to the Andersons' motion is due to the nature of Debtors' Insurance Program Agreement with Travelers (the "IPA ").6 Under a conventional insurance policy, premiums are paid up-front. Policies subject to the IPA, however, may include a yearly "Retrospective Plan Premium Adjustment Amount" (the "Adjustment") under which additional premiums, based in part on "Incurred Losses,"7 are paid by the insured after the applicable policy period. The Joint Objectors argue that any recovery the Andersons might obtain from Travelers would be charged to Debtors via the Adjustment, and that this economic effect on Debtors precludes stay annulment and modification of the discharge injunction.

However, on the record before this Court, it is impossible to determine whether the Andersons' theoretical recovery from Travelers would subsequently be charged to Debtors, as the record lacks:

• the IPA for the applicable insurance period, see note 5 supra ;

• the policy for the applicable insurance period,8 see id. ;

• evidence as to when a loss attributable to the Andersons would be "Incurred" under the IPA;9 and

• a complete and accurate explanation of how the Adjustment is calculated.10

*88Therefore, and for the reasons stated below, the Andersons' motion will be granted to the extent necessary for them to obtain a final judgment in their Missouri action, but not to collect thereon. This Court will reserve jurisdiction over the issue of how much of the judgment the Andersons may collect from Travelers, and the parties may return to this Court for adjudication of that issue once the judgment is final.

1. Stay Relief

Section 362(d) allows this Court to grant stay relief "for cause." "The moving party has the burden to show that 'cause' exists to lift the stay, after which the burden shifts to a debtor to demonstrate why the stay should remain in place." In re Busch, 294 B.R. 137, 140-41 (10th Cir. BAP 2003). The factors identified in In re Curtis, 40 B.R. 795 (Bankr. D. Utah 1984), have been widely adopted by bankruptcy courts in determining whether cause exists to grant stay relief "to permit litigation against the debtor to proceed in another forum." Id. at 799 ; see In re Jim's Maintenance & Sons, 418 Fed. App'x 726, 728 n.1 (10th Cir. 2011) (quoting In re Busch, 294 B.R. 137, 140 (10th Cir. BAP 2003) ). These " Curtis factors" are:

(1) whether the relief will result in a partial or complete resolution of the issues;

(2) the lack of any connection with or interference with the bankruptcy case;

(3) whether the foreign proceeding involves the debtor as a fiduciary;

(4) whether a specialized tribunal has been established to hear the particular cause of action;

(5) whether the debtor's insurance carrier has assumed full financial responsibility for defending the litigation;

(6) whether the action essentially involves third parties, and the debtor functions only as a bailee or conduit for the goods or proceeds in question;

(7) whether litigation in another forum would prejudice the interests of other creditors, the creditors' committee and other interested parties;

(8) whether the judgment claim arising from the foreign action is subjection to equitable subordination under § 510(c);

(9) whether movant's success in the foreign proceeding would result in a judicial lien avoidable by the debtor under § 522(f);

(10) the interest of judicial economy and the expeditious and economical determination of litigation for the parties;

(11) whether the foreign proceedings have progressed to the point where the parties are prepared for trial; and

(12) the impact of the stay on the parties and the "balance of hurt."

Curtis, 40 B.R. at 799-800.

As applied here, the Curtis factors favor a grant of stay annulment. Allowing the Missouri action to proceed will completely resolve the issue of liability on the Andersons' personal injury claims, which cannot be adjudicated by this Court (factor 1);11 establishing liability without allowing collection on a judgment will not interfere with Debtors' bankruptcy case (factor 2); the Trust is not responsible for defense costs (factor 5);12 the Missouri action essentially involves third parties (the *89Andersons and Travelers), with the Trust participating in name only (factor 6); establishing liability will not prejudice any other interested party (factor 7); and judgment in favor of the Andersons would not be subject to equitable subordination or result in an avoidable judicial lien (factors 8 and 9). The Andersons have thus established cause for annulment of the automatic stay. Because the Joint Objectors base their response on a hypothetical cost to the Trust under documents not provided to the Court, the Joint Objectors have not demonstrated why the stay should not be retroactively annulled. Therefore, the motion for annulment of the stay will be granted to the extent necessary for the Andersons to obtain a final judgment in their Missouri action, but not to collect thereon.13

2. Modification of Discharge Injunction

Under § 524(e), "discharge of a debt of the debtor does not affect the liability of any other entity on, or the property of any other entity for, such debt."

It is well established that this provision permits a creditor to bring or continue an action directly against the debtor for the purpose of establishing the debtor's liability when, as here, establishment of that liability is a prerequisite to recovery from another entity. Logically enough, this exception to section 524(a)'s post-discharge injunction hinges "upon the condition that the debtor not be personally liable in a way that would interfere with the debtor's fresh start in life."

Walker v. Wilde (In re Walker), 927 F.2d 1138, 1142 (10th Cir. 1991) (citations omitted). Here, modification of the discharge injunction to the extent necessary for the Andersons to obtain a final judgment in their Missouri action, but not to collect thereon, will not interfere with Debtors'

*90fresh start.14 Therefore, the Andersons' motion for modification of the discharge injunction will be granted to that extent.

3. Conclusion

For the foregoing reasons, the motion for annulment of the automatic stay and modification of the discharge injunction is hereby granted to the extent necessary for the Andersons to obtain a final judgment in their Missouri action, but not to collect thereon. This Court reserves jurisdiction over the issue of how much of the judgment the Andersons may collect from Travelers, and the parties may return to this Court for adjudication of that issue once the judgment is final. The balance of the judgment, if any, shall not be collectable from Debtors or J.D. Holdings.

IT IS SO ORDERED.