The opinion of the court was delivered by

The action was one for damages for personal injuries sustained through the neglect of the defendant to inspect and make secure the traveling ways of its coal mine. A demurrer was sustained to the plaintiff’s evidence and he appeals.

The proof was that the plaintiff, who was an air man, was injured in a hauling crosscut which had been closed some months before the accident. The crosscut was no longer used and could not be used as a traveling way. The only occasion any one had to use it after the manner of a traveling way was to step into it twice a month to inspect the stopping, and the place was perfectly safe for that purpose. As will shortly appear, when the plaintiff was injured the place was no more a traveling way or in use as a traveling way than a miner’s room would have been. Consequently the negligence charged was not established.

The stopping was not air-tight, and the plaintiff was directed to make it so. To do this it was necessary to build a wall on one side of the defective stopping and fill the space between the wall and the defective stopping with fine dirt. Dirt for the purpose was taken from the bottom of the crosscut. In doing. *22this the plaintiff dug a hole about two feet deep, which loosened a rock which fell and injured him. The plaintiff and his principal witness, his brother, who was assisting him when the accident occurred, testified that digging in the bottom of the crosscut loosened the rock and caused it to fall. The plaintiff further testified that digging in the ground there was bound to be dangerous, that he was “leery” all the time, and' that the more he dug the more dangerous he made the place. The case, therefore, is one in which the plaintiff, with knowledge of the conditions, made the place unsafe by the very repair work he was doing. The duty of the employer to provide a reasonably safe place to work does not extend to such situations.

The defendant had elected not to be governed by the workmen’s compensation act, and the plaintiff argues that the defenses of contributory negligence and assumption of risk were not available. The defendant does not seek to avail itself of those defenses. The defense is want of actionable negligence. Want of actionable negligence appeared from the plaintiff’s proof, and the demurrer to the evidence was properly sustained.

The judgment of the district court is affirmed.'