James' adm'r. v. Neal's adm'r.

delivered the Opinion of the Court.

Neal hired of James, for the term of one year, a negro man, at the price of two hundred and fifty dollars, and executed two notes, one for fifty dollars, and the other for two hundred dollars. The fifty dollar note was afterwards ¡¡aid by Neal, and suit was brought upon the other note, and judgment recovered at law.

*370Neal (lien brought a bill in equity, with inju'nc. tion, to bo relieved against the judgment at law, alleging (lié. ttnsouridncss of. the negro at the time lie was hired, and charging James with fraudulent ly concealing the uitsoundness, &c.

On a final hearing, the injunction was made, perpetual by the decree of the circuit court, from which James appealed.

We have not deemed it necessary to give a minute statement of the case as it is set out in the bill, because, in whatever point of view it is considered* the principle upon which a court of equity can interpose and grant relief, is not discerned. No attempt is made in the bill, to draw any extraneous matter in aid of the alleged fraud of James rh hiring the negro, for the purpose of maintaining the jurisdiction of the court of equity; and we readily admit, that without such an attempt, a court of equity might take jurisdiction of the case, and decree relief, if it be true that the negro was unsound, and that unsoundness fraudulently concealed by James, and if it be also true, that recently after discovering the uiisoundness, Neal offered to return the negro to James, as is alleged in the hill.

Were it not also true, that in the action at law brought against Neal, those matters were pleaded and relied upon as a defence to James’ right to recover.

For, after being induced to hire the negro, through th'e fraudulent conduct of James, it was unquestionably competent for Neal to refuse to abide hy the contract* treat it as a nullity, offer to return the negro, and either plead the matter in defence to the action at law, or waive such defence and apply to a court of equity for relief. But having the privilege of either defending the action at law, or resorting to a court of equity, it is plain, that after adopting either course, Neal cannot, according to "well settled principles, avail himself of the other.

The matter being cognizable, both in equity ami law, a decision in either court is conclusive upon the other.

And upon adverting to the record of the action at law, it will he discovered that Neal, in defence *371to that action, in appropriate form, pleaded every fact necessary in. point of law to avoid the contract, and the same facts which he now relies upon in his bill, tobe relieved against the judgment. It is true, the two hundretj dollar note which was drawn in question in the action at law, formed but a part of the consideration, or price which Neal was to pay for the hire of.the negro; but that circumstance dees not, we apprehend, affect the case. If, for the fraud of James, the contract might be treated as a nullity, Neal undoubtedly, after offering to restore the negro, was at liberty to plead the fraud in defence of any action which James might bring, cither for the whole or part of the price We know, that from the record of - the proceedings at law, the plea of Neal was demurred to by James, ami the demurrer sustained bv the court. But that does not prove that Neal may now be relieved in a court of equity — it proves that a good pica was. erroneously adjudged bad by the court at law; but it is not the province of a court of equity to revise the errors oE-conrts of law, or to relieve the litigant parlies from the effects of such errors.

*371The court of appellate jurisdiction is the proper tribunal to. correct errors of that sort, and to that tribunal, ancl^not to a court of equity, Neal ought to have 'applied, to be relieved from the effect of the erroneous decision of the court of law, \ipon the demurrer to his plea.*

It results, therefore, that the decree must be reversed with cost, the cause remanded to the court below, the. bill dismissed, and the injunction dissolved, with cost and damages.

PETITION FOR A REHEARING, BY R. H. CHINN, ESQ.

The He fend apt. in error petitions the.court for a reconsideration of this case.

It is readily conceded, that the opinion.predicatcd upon the record before the court, is in every particular corre,ct.

The record, however, is deficient. The pleas *372that had been filed in the-suit at law. after the demurrer was sustained, were, withdrawn; and as it was a case- in which, the, parly might elect to defend at law, or seek relief in a court of equity, it is presumed that a, wifhdrawal of his pleas in the suit at law, placed his case in precisely the same attitude it would have occupied had (hey never been tiled.

it is true, as the record was first extended by the clerk, it did not appear that the pleas were withdrawn. At the last term of the court, a nunc pro tune, amendment of the orders and judgment at law was made, and the record, as now truly made out, shews a case in which the party did not defend at law. If the. defendant should not get relief in ibis case, it will be peculiarly oppressive. A clearer case of fraud, it is. believed, could not be made out in a court of justice.

The defendant respectfully petitions thp court to award a certiorari to the clerk of the. Fay site, circuit court, to certify the amendment in. the record in the suit, at law,, to suspend the, opinion, and finally to affirm the decision of the court below.

CHINN.

The court did award,rhe. certiorari, and the amendment stated, appeared by the return, but on consideration, overruled the motion for the re hearing, and so the decree stands unaltered.