Latter v. ABC Insurance
Latter v. ABC Insurance
Opinion of the Court
This is a legal malpractice action in which the trial court held that if the defendant-attorney had timely filed suit on behalf of plaintiffs, they would have been successful in their claim against the State for rental ar-rearages and therefore the negligent attorney must pay those arrearages. While this matter was pending appeal in this court, the Louisiana Supreme Court decided Reeder v. North, 97-0239 (La.10/2/97), 701 So.2d 1291 (La. 1997), which is dispositive of the prescriptive/peremptive defense issue raised by defendant-appellant, but not addressed by the trial judge. We reverse and remand.
FACTS-AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY:
The facts are basically uncontested. In June of 1983, Stanford Latter and Robert L. Yuspeh, plaintiffs, retained J.B. Kiefer and his law offices
Kiefer appeals the trial court ruling which found that plaintiffs’ underlying suit against the State would have been successful if it had been filed timely, As an alternative plea, Kiefer reurges his prescriptive/peremption plea citing Reeder v. North, supra. As we initially noted, Reeder is dispositive.
Louisiana Revised Statute 9:5605 provides that a legal malpractice claim must be filed within one year from the date of the alleged
It is undisputed that the error complained of in this case occurred sometime prior to November 18, 1985, the date the State was sued. Kiefer was not sued until September 13, 1998. Subsection B of R.S. 9:5605, added in 1992, provides that when the negligent act arises prior to September 7, 1990, the malpractice action must, in all events, be filed prior to September 7, 1993, without regard to the date of discovery of the neglect. As the feeder.court found with a similar chronology, plaintiff’s legal malpractice suit is perempted.
After Reeder was decided, plaintiffs filed a motion with this court seeking a remand so that they could challenge the constitutionality of La. R.S. 9:5605. However, unlike the Reeder plaintiffs, the plaintiffs in this case never asserted any constitutional arguments at the trial level. It has been raised for the first time on appeal. For that reason, Kiefer opposes a remand.
It is well established that a statute must be first questioned in the trial court and not at the appellate level. The unconstitutionality of a statute must be specially pleaded. It cannot be raised in a memorandum, opposition or brief since those are not pleadings. Reeder v. North, supra at p. 14, 701 So.2d at 1299, quoting Vallo v. Gayle Oil Co., Inc., 94-1238 (La.11/30/94), 646 So.2d 859. Furthermore, the State of Louisiana, through the attorney general, should be | 4notified when the constitutionality of a statute is under consideration. La. R.S. 13:4448.
In the instant case, equity suggests that since the court of appeal decision in Reeder was favorable to plaintiffs’ position in this case, there was no need to attack the constitutionality of La. R.S. 9:5605 at that time. Conversely, however, the statute’s peremptive language seems clear and unambiguous.
REVERSED AND REMANDED.
. The defendants in judgment are J.B. Kiefer and Kiefer and Rudman, A Professional Law Corporation.
. Subpart B of La. R.S. 9:5605 specifically states that the one and three year limitation periods are peremptive.
. The Louisiana Fifth Circuit did not address the constitutionality issue nor allow the plaintiff to supplement his petition because it ruled that prescription had not accrued and therefore the constitutionality issue was mooted.
. In Reeder, the alleged malpractice occurred July of 1989 and suit was not filed until September 15, 1994.
. See also, La. C.C.Pro. art. 1880; La. R.S. 49:257(B).
. During oral argument, the case of Perez v. Shook, 97-0420 (La.App. 4th Cir. 12/3/97), 703 So.2d 821, was brought to the court's attention. There, we applied the “continuous representation” rule of prior jurisprudence and used the one year prescriptive period of Civil Code article 3492. We interpreted Lima v. Schmidt, 595 So.2d 624 (La. 1992) to hold that R.S. 9:5605 was not applicable where the alleged negligent act arose prior to 1990, the statute’s enactment date. However, the Perez case was argued and submitted on September 9, 1997, before Reeder was decided and more importandy, the malpractice suit in the Perez case was filed on September 3, 1993, within Subsection B's cut off date of September 7, 1993.
.Arguably, not even Kiefer knew he made a mistake until a court told him his filing was too late. It would seem logical to start the time limitation at that point, even though the plaintiffs had no knowledge of the mistake. However, that
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.