Montross v. Hillman
Montross v. Hillman
Opinion of the Court
The defendants are sued for $704, on the allegation that, at their special instance and request, the plaintiffs did sell and deliver to them certain goods and merchandise, for the house of Hillman & Drew, and for Hercules Hillman, at Lake Providence, in the parish of Carroll; and on the further allegation that the defendants, at the time of making these purchases,did represent the said Hillman & Drew, and Hercules Hillman to be good and solvent, and guarantied the payment of the price of said goods to the plaintiffs, and that, on previous occasions# they had accepted and paid drafts drawn on them by said Hill-man &. Drew, and H. Hillman, for goods purchased by Hillman
During the trial, and after some testimony had been taken, the defendants tendered a peremptory exception to the petition, alleging that it contained contradictory matters, aiid that the plaintiffs could not proceed unléss they selected the ground of their action. The judge refused leave to file this exception, on the ground that it came too late, and should have been pleaded in limine litis. We conceive that aii exception of this kind, when well taken, relates not to form but to substance, and can be set up at any stage of the suit, before judgment; but we do not find cumulated in the plaintiffs’ petition any inconsistent demands, within the sense and meaning of article 149 of the Code of Practice; nor do we think the counts or allegations in in it absolutely inconsistent; but even if they were so, the petition contains but one demand, which is for the price of certain goods sold sold by the plaintiffs. Nothing prevents a party from setting forth different grounds upon which he expects to recover, provided he does not mak§ two demands, one of which necessarily excludes the. other. Code of Pract., arts. 149, 344, 345. 4 La. 360.
Our attention has been drawn to a bill of exceptions taken to the examination of Hercules Hillman as a witness, on the score of interest. Under the pleadings and evidence in the case, the defendants stood in the relation of a surety or guarantee to this witness. He was, in our opinion, incompetent to testify in the case, because he was interested in defeating the action. In the event of a judgment against the defendants, he would be liable over to them for the debt and costs, while he could pay the debt, without costs, if there was a judgment in their favor. An interest in the costs is sufficient to render a witness incompetent. 1 Phillipps on Evidence, p. 48. 3 Starkie, p. 752. 8 Mart. N. S. 265.
On the merits, the testimony of the plaintiffs’ clerk Shows, in substance, that the goods mentioned in the account sued on were ordered by the defendants, to whom they were sold for account of Hillman &Drew and Hercules Hillman; that, at the
Although no proof has been adduced of an express guarantee on the part of the defendants, the evidence impresses us with the belief that the goods, the price of which is claimed, were sold on their credit. This appears to have been the understanding of all the parties, from the course of dealing previously existing between them. If a different course was intended by the defendants, when the last purchase was made, in November, 1841, they should have signified such intention. Their silence in that respect, when they ordered the goods, induced the belief on the part of the sellers, that the same mode of settlement would be followed as on former occasions. The goods were accordingly charged to them on the books, and-a draft was sent up to be signed, as usual, by H. Hillman. Some of the goods having been returned as unfit for his market, he enclosed to the plaintiffs another draft of a smaller amount on the defendants, thus showing his understanding of the matter, and his expectation that they would pay; and, in his letter to the plaintiffs, he speaks of soon sending money, not to them, but to Hillman & Shea, on whom he had drawn. When this draft is presented to the defendants they do not make any objection or refuse to accept, but keep it in their possession, and after having been several times called upon, they finally answer that it will soon be returned, and continue to keep it to this day. This answer, and their retention of the draft, might well, under the circumstances, be treated as an acceptance. Such conduct at least shows that they considered themselves bound to accept this draft, which was given for goods which they had themselves ordered and caused to be sent to the drawer, and which they well knew were sold on their credit. The circumstance that, at one time the plaintiffs objected to the goods being sent up, although packed, on account of some rumors they had heard about the solvency of the defendants, conclusively shows that the credit was given to them, and that it was to them that the
Judgment affirmed.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.