Berman v. Coutinho
Berman v. Coutinho
Opinion of the Court
The disputed by-law reads, in pertinent portion:
“1320. Dimensional Schedule. . . .
RESIDENTIAL
“REQUIREMENT G
Min. Lot Area (sq. ft.) 5,000
Min. Lot Frontage (lin. ft.) 50
Min. Front Yard (ft.) 20
The facts to which this by-law must be applied are that Coutinho’s lot is situated in a Residence G zoning district and his house, under construction at the time of trial, is set back slightly more than 14.72 feet from the street line. The building on the lot adjoining Coutinho’s property on its westerly side is set back 9.44 feet from the street line. On the lot to the easterly side of Coutinho’s property there is a building which is set back 20 feet from the street line.
Coutinho (and the other defendants) contend that because the average of the front yard setbacks of the buildings on the two lots adjoining Coutinho’s property is 14.72 feet, and because Coutinho’s building is set back slightly more than the averaged distance, the dimensional requirements of the by-law have been met. The plaintiffs (owners of property in close proximity to Coutinho’s lot) contend that the words “if smaller” in footnote “a”
The trial judge concluded that under the by-law a “building on a lot in a Class G district must be set back from the street line (i) a distance of 20 feet or (ii) a distance equal to the average of the setbacks of the buildings on the two adjoining lots, whichever distance is the smaller” (emphases original). As the by-law is concerned with minimum requirements, the owner is, of course, free to provide for a greater distance should he so desire.
In construing footnote “a,” the trial judge adhered to the well established principle that “[zjoning by-laws must be construed reasonably.” Green v. Board of Appeal of Norwood, 358 Mass. 253, 258 (1970), and cases therein cited. The plaintiffs’ interpretation of that footnote, that it applies only to lots having less than the required lot area (5,000 square feet) or frontage (50 feet), overlooks the placement of the footnote reference in the body of the dimensional schedule. As referenced, the footnote is relevant only to the minimum front yard requirement.
Additionally, the disputed provision of the by-law is substantially the same (in all respects material hereto) in its terms, but not format, as its predecessor, which was construed in Van Arsdale v. Provincetown, 344 Mass. 146, 149 (1962). There the court held that the by-law gave the “owner an option of either distance.” We see nothing in the present by-law which requires that it be construed differently. Accordingly, in determining the distance of the front yard setback under the by-law, Coutinho was free to choose between 20 or 14.72 feet, the average of the setbacks of the buildings on the lots adjoining his property.
Judgments affirmed.
“a. Or, if smaller, the average of the setbacks of the buildings on the lots thereto on either side, a vacant lot being counted as though occupied by a building set back the minimum distance.”
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.