Commonwealth v. Bayne
Commonwealth v. Bayne
Opinion of the Court
The defendant, Raynel Bayne, appeals the denial of his first and second motions for new trial based upon the alleged ineffective assistance of trial counsel.
1. Background. The following facts emerge from the briefs and appellate record, and are undisputed. At trial, the victim testified that he returned home and found the defendant attempting to enter the apartment through the back porch and, when confronted, the defendant forced his way into the home, pulled out a firearm, and demanded money. The victim also stated he had not been in contact with the defendant since 1998. The defendant did not testify, but sought to prove through his statement to the police that was introduced in evidence that he had entered for the purpose of purchasing drugs and with the victim's consent, as he had been doing for months. In his second motion for new trial, the defendant argued that certain telephone records would have impeached the victim and supported his defense theory. The motion judge determined the phone records would be inadmissible hearsay because they were modified business records and pertained only to a collateral matter, possible impeachment of the victim-witness on the alleged contact between the defendant and the victim approximately five months before the date of the offenses.
2. Discussion. We review the denial of a motion for new trial to determine "whether there has been a significant error of law or other abuse of discretion." Commonwealth v. Grace,
We begin by observing that the motion judge, applying the principle that the burden of proof is on the defendant, see Commonwealth v. Comita,
To the extent the telephone records may have been provided to or known of by trial counsel, counsel was not ineffective for not attempting to have the records admitted because it was unlikely the trial judge would have admitted them.
Apart from impeachment purposes, the defendant argues the telephone records were relevant to the material issue whether or not he entered the apartment with the victim's consent. The defendant argues proving he and the victim had spoken within the last six months would provide some support for his claim that he entered the home with permission and to purchase drugs. A defendant is generally entitled to present exculpatory evidence, but when the evidence is remote or speculative and will divert the jury's attention to collateral matters it is well within a trial or motion judge's discretion to exclude such evidence. See Commonwealth v. Linton,
Even were the records admissible, failure to seek to admit them hardly denied the defendant a substantial defense. The defendant argues the records would provide inferential support for his defense, which was that he entered the victim's apartment with permission and for the purpose of purchasing drugs, i.e., not by force. In closing, defense counsel made this argument based upon the defendant's postarrest statements to the police. The records do not pertain to the date of the home invasion and would not show whether or not the defendant called the victim on the day in question. In light of the substantial evidence presented against the defendant, the jury would have had to brave a vast inferential leap to find these alleged contacts overcame the evidence against the defendant and proved his version of events.
Orders denying motions for new trial affirmed.
The defendant initially filed a pro se motion for new trial, which was denied. The defendant appealed the denial, but then obtained counsel and leave from this court to file a second new trial motion in the Superior Court. The second motion was substantially the same as the first and was also denied. The defendant appealed and the earlier, stayed appeal was consolidated with this appeal.
This court affirmed the defendant's convictions on direct appeal in a memorandum and order pursuant to our rule 1:28. Commonwealth v. Bayne,
The telephone records contain several handwritten markings attempting to indicate calls made by the defendant to the victim. Therefore, the records as presented would not fall under the "Business Records" exception to the rule against hearsay because they were not made in the "regular course of business." Mass. G. Evid. § 803(6)(A) (2018). Nevertheless, because we conclude the motion judge correctly determined the matter was collateral, we assume counsel could have obtained a new copy of the records and used testimony to authenticate and explain them.
The telephone records are in the name of a woman and would have required testimony from that woman to show that the defendant sometimes used that phone to call the victim. In fact, the motion judge also found the defendant failed to establish that the phone number highlighted as his in the records was used by the defendant, and we discern no reason to upset that finding.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.