In re Bertone
In re Bertone
Opinion of the Court
MEMORANDUM OF DECISION
I. INTRODUCTION
The matters before the Court are the “Creditor’s, Tracey Bigelow, Objection to Debtor’s, Paul A. Bertone, Claim of Homestead Exemption” (the “Objection to Homestead Exemption”) filed by Tracey Bigelow (the “Creditor”); the “Opposition to Tracey Bigelow’s Objection to Debtor’s Claim of Homestead Objection” (the “Opposition”) filed by Paul A. Bertone (the “Debtor”); the “Motion to Avoid Judicial Lien on Real Estate” (the “Motion to Avoid Lien”) filed by the Debtor; and the “Creditor’s, Tracey Bigelow, Objection to Debtor’s, Paul A. Bertone, Motion to Avoid Judicial Lien on Real Estate” (the “Objection to Motion to Avoid Lien”) filed by the Creditor. The Creditor argues that the Debtor did not occupy certain real property as his principal residence at the time he filed a declaration of homestead under the Massachusetts Homestead Statute,
II. BACKGROUND
Ten years prior to this case, by a quitclaim deed dated April 24, 2002 and recorded on May 2, 2002 (the “Deed”), the Debtor’s father reserved a life estate in certain real property located at 37 Everett Street in FranHin, Massachusetts (the “Property”) and transferred the remainder interest in the Property to the Debtor, Peter Bertone, John Bertone, and Amy Bertone as joint tenants with the right of survivorship. On March 9, 2012, the Debt- or executed and recorded a declaration of homestead with the Norfolk County Registry of Deeds with respect to the Property (the “Declaration of Homestead”).
The Debtor filed a Chapter 13 petition and schedules on March 14, 2012. On
On April 19, 2012, the Debtor filed a motion to convert his case to Chapter 7, which the Court granted the next day. He appeared at the meeting of creditors held pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 341 on May 22, 2012. On June 21, 2012, the Creditor filed the Objection to Homestead Exemption, asserting that the Property was not the Debtor’s principal residence at the time he filed the Declaration of Homestead. The Debtor filed the Opposition the same day. On June 25, 2012, the Debtor filed the Motion to Avoid Lien, seeking to avoid the Lien pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 522(f)(1)(A) as impairing the Homestead Exemption to which he is entitled. On June 26, 2012, the Creditor filed the Objection to Motion to Avoid Lien.
On December 12, 2012, I conducted an evidentiary hearing on the Objection to Homestead Exemption, the Opposition, the Motion to Avoid Lien, and the Objection to Motion to Avoid Lien. At the hearing, the parties presented witnesses and exhibits concerning the issue of whether the Property was the Debtor’s principal residence at the time he filed the Declaration of Homestead. Notably, the parties introduced copies of the Deed
III. DISCUSSION
Generally, with respect to property of the estate, Judge Boroff of this district has concisely explained:
The moment a bankruptcy petition is filed, the debtor’s bankruptcy estate is created. A bankruptcy estate is comprised of “all legal or equitable interests of the debtor in property as of the commencement of the case.” 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1). The debtor is, however, entitled to exempt certain property from the bankruptcy estate. See 11 U.S.C. § 522.4
“Section 522(b) allows a debtor to claim either the federal exemptions listed in subsection (d) or exemptions available under nonbankruptcy law (including relevant state exemptions).”
In this case, the Debtor has claimed an exemption under the Massachusetts Homestead Statute, and in order to determine its validity, I must apply state law. “[A] bankruptcy court ruling on an issue of state law must rule as it believes the highest court of the state would rule.”
Mindful of these principles, the Massachusetts Homestead Statute provides, in pertinent part:
An estate of homestead to the extent of the declared homestead exemption in a home may be acquired by 1 or more owners who occupy or intend to occupy the home as a principal residence.8
In other words, to qualify for the Homestead Exemption, the Debtor must (1) be an “owner” (2) occupying or intending to occupy a “home” (3) as a principal residence.
Throughout these proceedings, the parties solely focused their attention on whether the Debtor occupied the Property as his principal residence. Indeed, the parties appear to have implicitly assumed that the Debtor otherwise qualified for homestead protection under the Homestead Statute. Upon closer examination, however, it has become clear that this assumption is unfounded.
The Massachusetts Homestead Statute defines “owner” as “a natural person who is a sole owner, joint tenant, tenant by the entirety, tenant in common, life estate holder or holder of a beneficial interest in trust.”
In the interest of clarity, it is worth distinguishing the present case from my recent decision in In re Dougan. In that case, I extended homestead protection to individuals residing in a residential cooperative housing unit, where they held a ninety-nine year lease and title to their home was held by a residential cooperative housing corporation.
Ultimately, this disconnect between the definitions of “home” and “owner” in the Homestead Statute produces an absurd result, but I am reluctant to characterize the necessary linkage with any specificity. It is enough for me to conclude that the Supreme Judicial Court would view the omission of any provision allowing for an individual residing in a residential cooperative housing unit to acquire or benefit from a homestead is illogical and appears contrary to the Legislative intent in as much as such properties are expressly defined as “homes.”16
In contrast, there is no language in the definition of “home” or any other defined statutory term that would require me to find that holders of a remainder interest created by deed qualify for homestead protection, lest an absurd result ensue.
Having found that the Debtor is not entitled to the Homestead Exemption, there is no need to address whether the Lien is subject to avoidance because the Debtor does not have an exemption subject to impairment.
IV. CONCLUSION
In light of the foregoing, I will enter an order sustaining the Objection to Homestead Exemption and denying the Motion to Avoid Lien.
. Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 188, § 1 et seq.
. Trial Exhibit # 1.
. Trial Exhibit # 2.
. In re Seeling, 471 B.R. 320, 322 (Bankr. D.Mass. 2012).
. In re Gordon, 479 B.R. 9, 12 (Bankr.D.Mass. 2012) (citing 11 U.S.C. § 522(b)).
.In re Szwyd, 346 B.R. 290, 293 n. 2 (Bankr. D.Mass. 2006) (quoting In re Desroches, 314 B.R. 19, 21-22 (Bankr.D.Mass. 2004)) (also providing that "when the highest court has not addressed the issue, the [b]ankruptcy [cjourt should ... attempt to predict what the highest court would do"); see also Garran v. SMS Financial V, LLC (In re Garran), 338 F.3d 1, 6 (1st Cir. 2003); Caron v. Farmington
. In re Gordon, 479 B.R. at 13 (quoting In re Hayes, 376 B.R. 55, 60-61 (Bankr.D.Mass. 2007); Lamie v. United States, 540 U.S. 526, 534, 124 S.Ct. 1023, 157 L.Ed.2d 1024 (2004)).
. Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 188, § 3(a).
. Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 188, § 3(a); see In re Dougan, No. 11-19503-WCH, 2013 WL 85146, at *2 (Bankr.D.Mass. Jan. 8, 2013); In re Gordon, 479 B.R. 9, 12 (Bankr.D.Mass. 2012).
. In re Gordon, 479 B.R. at 12 (citing 11 U.S.C. § 522(l)) (citation omitted).
. Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 188, § 1.
. In re Gordon, 479 B.R. at 13.
. Id.
. See In re Dougan, 2013 WL 85146, at *1-4.
. Mass. Gen. Laws cli. 188, § 1.
. In re Dougan, 2013 WL 85146, at *4.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- In re Paul A. BERTONE, Debtor
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- 3 cases
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- Published