Valentine v. City of Boston
Valentine v. City of Boston
Opinion of the Court
delivered the opinion of the Court. The mayor and aldermen of the city of Boston, who have there the same powers in relation to the laying out of highways, which in other counties are vested in the county commissioners, laid out a street over land belonging to the complainants. Si. 1821, c. 109, § 11. The owners, according to a provision peculiar to this county, applied to the Court of Common Pleas for a jury to estimate the damages at the bar of that court. This having been done, and the verdict not being satisfactory to the complainants, they claimed an appeal to this court. The respondents’ counsel move to have the appeal dismissed, "upon the ground that an appeal does not lie in such cases. And we are now to determine whether as a matter of right the complainants are entitled to another trial by jury and in this court.
This question depends entirely upon the construction of the several statutes regulating the subject. An appeal as understood in this Commonwealth, is unknown to the common law.
The claim of the appeal is founded upon the 6th section of the 82d chapter of the Revised Statutes. Although the act complained of was done and the process was pending before these statutes were enacted, yet we have no doubt that the proceedings in court must be governed by them. Revised Stat. c. 146, § 5.
The 6th section of the 82d chapter gives an appeal in any personal action wherein the ad damnum exceeds one hundred dollars, and also in any of the actions before mentioned, in
But if the complainants are right in this position, it does not necessarily follow that they are entitled to their appeal. To bring the case within the 6th section they must show not only that the title to real estate, is involved, but also that it is one of the “actions” therein “ before mentioned.” These are named in the 4th section of the 82d chapter, which limits the jurisdiction of the Court of Common Pleas, and are real actions, trespass quare clausum fregit, case for the disturbance of an easement “ and all other actions in which the title to real estate may be concerned.”
It is contended by the complainants’ counsel, that these terms are broad enough to include the case under consideration. “ An action ” is defined to be “ a lawful demand of a man’s right.” Co. Lit. 285a. This may be a good general definition ; but it comprehends more than was meant by the word in this section. It is unquestionably here used with some limitations, and clearly does not include militia cases, bastardy cases, the assessment of damages under the mill acts, nor the assessment of damages for laying out highways in the country. Other exceptions might also be added.
All the actions enumerated are common law actions. The maxim of noscitur a sociis, which is a pretty safe guide in the construction of doubtful language, seems applicable. If all the actions specifically named are according to the course of the common law, it raises a fair inference that the “ other ao
A recurrence to the history of the legislation and judicial practice in relation to the laying out of highways, will corroborate our view of the question. This subject has always been within the jurisdiction of the Court of General Sessions, and their successors, the several tribunals to which at different times it has been' transferred. But no trial by jury at the bar of that court was ever authorized. No interposition of a jury was ever allowed, except in the country, for the purpose of reestimating the damages and revising in part the location of the way. But even in this, nothing in the nature of appeal which gave a second trial by jury, in court or in the country, was ever authorized.
Nor have the Revised Statutes made any alteration in this respect, in the other parts of the Commonwealth. The application for a jury must be made to the county commissioners ; ch. 24, § 13 ; and they must decide upon it. § 14. But the verdict of the jury must be returned to the Court of Co. imon Pleas, who are to review and adjudicate upon it, and set it aside if in their opinion there is good cause for so doing
We do not believe that an appeal was intended to be given in this county in cases where it was not given in the other counties. Although some peculiar regulations adapted to the localities of this city and which have proved convenient ana beneficial in practice, are provided, yet no substantial difference was intended to be made between Suffolk and the other counties. If the inhabitants of this city, from their proximity to the court-house, obtain the advantage of having their damages assessed by a jury under the direction of the Court of Common Pleas, it certainly furnishes no reason why they also should be allowed an appeal and another trial before this Court.
The statute which authorized a trial at the bar of the Common Pleas contemplated no other difference in the course of proceedings, between the country and this city. The 57th section provides, that “the like proceedings shall be had in the estimation of damages, the returning of the verdict and the adjudication of the court thereon, as are in this chapter required to be had on verdicts, in the like cases, returned to the Court of Common Pleas in other counties” ; thus placing a verdict found in the Common Pleas, on the same ground, in every respect, as a verdict returned to that court by a jury in the country. "From such a verdict no appeal lay. And we are of opinion that no appeal lies from a verdict in such case taken before the Common Pleas in this county.
Several other questions were discussed, upon which we do not th’nk it necessary to give an opinion.
Appeal dismissed.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Andrew P. Valentine versus The City of Boston
- Cited By
- 2 cases
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- Published