People v. Talley
People v. Talley
Dissenting Opinion
(dissenting). I must respectfully dissent from my brother’s opinion.
The majority relies on People v Davenport, 39 Mich App 252; 197 NW2d 521 (1972), for the proposition that "where the people’s case is based on circumstantial evidence the prosecution has the burden of proving 'that there is no innocent theory possible which will, without violation of reason, accord with the facts’ ”. (Citations are omitted.) A careful reading of Davenport convinces me that it is inapposite to the case at bar. In Davenport the defendant was charged with possession of heroin. The evidence consisted of a quantity of heroin found in a brown bottle contained in a bag in the basement of a house occupied by the defendant and three other persons. The bag also contained small plastic containers, one of which was labelled as a prescription for another resident of the house, and one of which was labelled as a prescription for the defendant. The Court reasoned, therefore, that since there was no evidence linking the defendant with the brown bottle or the bag, and since there were, therefore, innocent theories — unrebutted by any evidence — which accorded with the facts, that the prosecution had not borne its burden of proving that there was no innocent theory which would, without violation of reason, accord with the facts. The Court reasoned that it was as likely that anyone else living in the house, who would have
In the case at bar the facts are substantially different and stand uncontroverted. The complainant parked his truck and left the engine running and went into a drug and liquor store. Five or ten minutes later police officers found the truck parked nearby in an alley with some of the merchandise missing. An eyewitness at the scene observed the three defendants removing goods from the truck and placing them in a Buick described as "gold with a dark top, a deuce and a quarter”. This eyewitness later identified the three defendants as the people he saw. Within five minutes or so, police officers saw a 1967 Buick Electra 225 fitting the description of the car given by the eyewitness. When they approached the car and looked in through the window into the back seat they saw what appeared to be baked goods, which, upon closer examination, turned out to be goods such as those missing from the complainant’s truck. This entire sequence of events occurred within minutes (possibly as few as 15 or 20 minutes) of the time the complainant observed his truck being driven away.
A jury may draw reasonable inferences from facts established either by direct or circumstantial evidence, but may not indulge in inferences wholly unsupported by any evidence. People v Weyonen, 247 Mich 308; 225 NW 552 (1929). Further, in order to allow a jury to infer the guilt of a defendant from circumstantial evidence, the facts proven tending to show the guilt of the defendant must be consistent with each other and must not only clearly indicate the guilt of the defendant, "but must be inconsistent with any other reasonable hypothesis upon which his innocence may be
I have carefully examined the other allegations of error and have found them to be without merit and not of a compelling enough nature to warrant decisional discussion.
I would affirm.
Opinion of the Court
Defendants were initially charged with unlawfully driving away a motor
On February 11, 1974, at approximately 2:30 to 2:45 p.m., George Sharpe parked his Farm Crest Bakery truck in front of 12501 Linwood Avenue, left the engine running, the doors unlocked, and went into a drug and liquor store. Five to ten minutes later, Mr. Sharpe saw his truck being driven away. He could not see who was driving the truck or how many people were in it. -
Between 2:30 and 3 p.m. that same day, Charles Jones, a Michigan Bell repairman, was standing on the porch of 12120 Wildemere. Mr. Jones noticed a Farm Crest Bakery truck in the alley about 100 feet from where he was standing. The truck was there when he arrived and next to the truck was a Buick with its trunk open. Mr. Jones saw one person standing near the back of the car and two people moving things from the truck. He never saw anyone in the truck but identified the three defendants in this case as the people he saw. It was not a positive identification, only that they looked familiar. After watching the three get into the Buick and drive off, a police car approached. Mr. Jones told the officers what he had seen, describing the Buick as "gold with a dark top, a deuce and a quarter”. Mr. Sharpe later identified
At approximately 2:50 to 3 p.m., at the intersection of Davison and Linwood, police officers saw a 1967 Buick Electra 225. The officers had received information concerning a black over gold Buick containing three males. The car pulled into an A& P parking lot and four people got out. As they were walking toward the store, they were stopped. An officer went over to the car, looked in through the rear window and saw what appeared to be baked goods. He entered the car, moved a plywood board, and found boxes of Farm Crest doughnuts.
As previously stated, defendants were initially charged with unlawfully driving away a motor vehicle, a felony, and receiving or concealing stolen property over $100, also a felony. When testimony at the preliminary examination valued the property at under $100, reducing the second count to a misdemeanor, that count was dropped. It appears from the testimony in this case, that defendants could properly have been charged with breaking or entering a "motor vehicle * * * for the purpose of stealing or unlawfully removing therefrom any goods, chattels or property of the value of not less than $5”, MCLA 750.356a; MSA 28.588(1), a felony. However, defendants were tried for unlawfully driving away a motor vehicle which requires that the prosecution prove that they: (1) took possession of the vehicle, (2) drove or took it away, (3) wilfully, and (4) without authority. People v Limon, 4 Mich App 440, 442; 145 NW2d 287 (1966).
The evidence regarding the crime charged here is entirely circumstantial. "[WJhere the people’s case is based on circumstantial evidence the prosecution has the burden of proving 'that there is no
The prosecution in the present case attempted to show, by a close time sequence, that the three persons seen taking baked goods from a parked truck unlawfully drove that struck away from the drug and liquor store. There is no question here of conspiracy to commit the illegal act, MCLA 750.157a; MSA 28.354(1), since that was not charged; nor would the evidence support a theory of aiding or abetting the commission of the offense, MCLA 767.39; MSA 28.979, since such a charge must relate in this case to the taking of the truck, not its contents. Can it be said, then, with "impelling certainty”, see People v Davenport, supra, that persons taking baked goods from a parked truck, driven to the spot minutes earlier, participated in unlawfully driving it away?
The fact that three men moved baked goods from a stolen truck minutes after the truck had been unlawfully driven away by some person or persons, does not lead inevitably to the conclusion, that those men were guilty of having unlawfully driven away that truck. It is possible that any or all of the defendants began taking baked goods from the truck independent of the truck’s taking. The truck was unlocked and its engine running when taken from the drug and liquor store. There is a reasonable possibility that the taking of the truck was not planned and that whoever did drive away with the truck in the first place had parked it by the time any or all of the defendants arrived at the alley. Therefore, the prosecution in this case
Défendants’ convictions are reversed without a new trial.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- People v. Talley; People v. Cunningham; People v. Cotton
- Cited By
- 6 cases
- Status
- Published