Michigan Ass'n for Retarded Citizens v. Wayne County Probate Judge
Michigan Ass'n for Retarded Citizens v. Wayne County Probate Judge
Opinion of the Court
Plaintiffs Thayer and Perkowski were among over 100 mentally retarded individuals for whom guardianship hearings were
Plaintiffs Thayer and Perkowski have been residents of Oakdale Center for over 20 years. They and other mentally retarded persons were admitted to state institutions under the former mental health law, which allowed commitment by the court upon a sufficient showing of mental disease. Under the new mental health law, however, there are two types of admission to institutions for the mentally retarded: (1) administrative admission, MCLA 330.1509 et seq.; MSA 14.800(509) et seq.; and (2) judicial admission, MCLA 330.1515 et seq.; MSA 14.800(515) et seq. Judicial admission is limited to persons who can reasonably be expected to physically injure themselves or others and who have overtly acted in a manner which supports this expectation. Administrative admission for adults may be executed by the individual himself if he is competent to do so, or by the individual’s guardian, MCLA 330.1509(2); MSA 14.800(509X2),
To the extent that the procedures followed in the original admissions of plaintiffs and other mentally retarded individuals did not comport with the new Mental Health Code, redeterminations were required. MCLA 330.2104; MSA 14.800(1104) provides:
"As soon as practicable after this act shall take effect but no later than 2 years after this act shall take effect, all actions then having legal effect under any provision of the acts and parts of acts repealed by this act and which are inconsistent with any provision of this act shall be redetermined and made consistent with the provisions of this act.”
It is against this background that the guardianship hearings for plaintiffs Thayer and Perkowski took place. The entire transcript of plaintiff Perkowski’s hearing was as follows:
"MR. RADER: In the matter of Walter Perkowski.
"THE WITNESS: Walter Perkowski is currently a resident of Oakdale Center. He needs constant supervision on a daily basis and he cannot take care of basic needs. I would recommend that a guardian be appointed.
"THE COURT: Has the ward been served, Lois?
"THE CLERK: Yes, he has.
"THE COURT: I will appoint Mary Ann Lukasik as the plenary guardian and authorize administrative admission. Are there any members of the family that wish to be heard here? There appears to be none. Okay, call the next case.”
The circuit court was asked to decide if the
The Mental Health Code provides safeguards designed to protect the substantive rights of the mentally retarded. Section 618, MCLA 330.1618(1); MSA 14.800(618)(1) imposes certain duties on the probate judge:
"The court, at a hearing convened under this chapter for the appointment of a guardian, shall:
(a) Inquire into the nature and extent of the general intellectual functioning of the individual asserted to need a guardian.
(b) Determine the extent of the impairment in his adaptive behavior.
(c) Ascertain his capacity to care for himself and his estate.”
In addition, § 628 of the act, MCLA 330.1628(2); MSA 14.800(628) provides:
"Prior to the appointment, the court shall make a reasonable effort to question the mentally retarded person concerning his preference regarding the person to be appointed guardian, and any preference indicated shall be given due consideration by the court.”
Plaintiff Perkowski’s hearing did not comply with these statutory mandates.
For the above reasons we find that the circuit court’s dismissal of plaintiffs’ complaint was erroneous. On remand the circuit court shall hear and determine the question of whether or not the hearings held by defendant comported with the mandates of MCLA 330.1618(1) and MCLA 330.1628(2), and with other Mental Health Code provisions of which plaintiffs have alleged violations. The court shall comply with GCR 1963, 517.1. If the court finds the hearings were not held in accordance with statutory requirements, the court shall order rehearings of the guardianship petitions for those individuals affected, and shall order that future hearings held by defendant shall
Reversed and remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.
Concurring Opinion
(concurring). While I can do little to embellish Judge Mahinske’s fine opinion in the present case, I write separately to offer the following observation.
For apparently laudable motives, the Legislature has decided to enact reforms which, inter alia, accord expanded hearing rights to mentally retarded persons in guardianship proceedings. However praiseworthy this enactment may be, it remains an empty gesture so long as the Legislature fails to enhance accordingly the number of probate judges available for guardianship hearings.
To impose additional, comprehensive duties on judges already overburdened by ever-expanding dockets without a commensurate increase in their membership is to enact a palliative measure that will assuredly breed in the citizenry an unhealthy cynicism toward the law and its processes.
Thus, I echo the point made by Chief Justice Kavanagh when he expressed "the need for judicial impact statements” which would assess the effect pending legislation might have on the courts. The State of the Judiciary, 56 Mich BJ 301, 303 (1977).
I do not suggest, however, that augmentation of the judiciary is the only answer. "Administrative handling”, Id. at 302, may be entirely proper in certain circumstances. But where the Legislature has decreed that probate judges shall be charged with fixed responsibilities, as in the present case, it is no answer to add these duties without apparent consideration of their "impact on the courts”.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Michigan Association for Retarded Citizens v. Wayne County Probate Judge
- Cited By
- 6 cases
- Status
- Published