Routley v. Dault
Routley v. Dault
Opinion of the Court
Plaintiff brought this negligence action alleging that he was injured on June 25, 1980, when the truck he was driving collided with a car driven by defendant. The trial court granted defendant’s motion for summary judgment finding that plaintiff was unable to meet the threshold injury requirement of the no-fault act, § 3135,
Under § 3135 of the no-fault act, a person remains subject to tort liability for noneconomic loss occasioned by his use, maintenance or operation of a motor vehicle only if the injured party has suffered death, serious impairment of body function or permanent serious disfigurement. In Cassidy v McGovern, 415 Mich 483, 502; 330 NW2d 22 (1982), the Court held that where there is no material factual dispute regarding the nature and extent of a plaintiff’s injuries, the question of serious impairment of body function must be decided as a matter of law by the trial court.
Although the question must be decided on a case-by-case basis, a few standards have developed which will assist the courts. "Impairment of a body function” actually means impairment of an important body function. Cassidy, supra, p 504. By its own terms, the statute requires that any impairment be "serious”. MCL 500.3135(1); MSA 24.13135(1), Williams v Payne, 131 Mich App 403; 346 NW2d 564 (1984). Section 3135 applies only to "objectively manifested injuries”. Recovery for pain and suffering is not predicated on serious pain and suffering, but on injuries that affect the functioning of the body. Cassidy, supra, p 505; Williams v Payne, supra. When considering the seriousness of the injury, the court should be mindful of the other threshold requirements for recovery of noneconomic loss (i.e., death and permanent serious disfigurement), and the legislative reasons for limiting the recovery for noneconomic losses, namely, to prevent overcompensation for minor injuries and to reduce litigation in automobile accident cases. Cassidy, supra; Braden v Lee, 133 Mich App 215; 348 NW2d 63 (1984). When
In the present case there is no factual dispute regarding the extent of plaintiff’s injuries. According to the deposition of Dr. Webb, plaintiff’s treating physician and surgeon, plaintiff first sought medical attention on July 7, 1980, 12 days after the accident occurred. Plaintiff complained of pain in his left groin with some radiation of pain into the left thigh. Dr. Webb advised plaintiff to discontinue working pending further examination. Dr. Webb subsequently diagnosed the problem as an inguinal hernia on the left side. Surgery was performed on July 24, 1980, to repair the hernia, and plaintiff remained in the hospital until July 28, 1980.
Plaintiff subsequently began to experience pain in the groin area and a second operation was performed to remove scar tissue which had apparently resulted from the first surgery. Plaintiff was hospitalized a total of six days for the second operation and was discharged on April 7, 1981. Both operations were uneventful. Although plaintiff asserted that his inguinal pain recurred following the second surgery, Dr. Webb advised plaintiff on April 27, 1981, that he should try to return to his normal level of activity. Plaintiff is able to work but is not able to engage in employment involving the lifting of more than 30 or 40 pounds. It appears that plaintiff is by occupation a logger, which involves some heavy lifting.
We hold that the trial court did not err in finding as a matter of law that plaintiff did not suffer serious impairment of body function. From
We note that plaintiff is not without a remedy. If he suffers loss of income as a result of his injury beyond the three-year period during which he is entitled to work-loss benefits, he may maintain an action against the tortfeasor for any economic loss extending beyond the three-year period without proof of serious impairment. MCL 500.3135(2)(c); MSA 24.13135(2)(c).
The decision of the trial court is affirmed.
Dissenting Opinion
(dissenting). I respectfully dissent. The majority simply holds that the trial court "did not err in finding as a matter of law
In applying this standard to the instant case, I believe that reasonable minds may differ as to the seriousness of the impairment suffered by plaintiff. There is evidence that plaintiff’s inguinal hernia is related to the accident and that plaintiff still experiences chronic pain from the complications of two hernia operations. Reasonable minds may differ on whether plaintiff’s injury restricts normal body functions such as walking and lifting. While plaintiff’s physician testified by deposition that plaintiff was instructed to return gradually to a normal level of activity, it is not clear that plaintiff has been successful in accomplishing this goal. I would hold that the trial court’s grant of summary judgment was improper.
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