Coyne v. Highland Township
Coyne v. Highland Township
Opinion of the Court
Petitioner appeals from a judgment of the Michigan Tax Tribunal, which affirmed the assessment made by respondent on certain residential property owned by petitioner in Oakland County. The dispute concerns whether respondent properly took into account certain repairs or improvements in the property in assessing the value of petitioner’s property or whether those items should have been excluded from the assessment pursuant to the home improvement act of 1976, MCL 211.27(2); MSA 7.27(2). With one exception, we reverse the decision of the tribunal.
This case involves a cottage purchased by petitioner in 1964 on Upper Pettibone Lake. Respondent assessed the property at $17,100 for tax year 1982. Petitioner claims the assessment should be approximately $11,000. The differences in value arrived at by the parties arise mainly from petitioner’s view that certain repairs or improvements to the cottage made by petitioner over a number of years should not be included in the assessment under the above-mentioned act, while respondent
The repairs or improvements at issue were made at various times from 1968 to 1978. However, apparently none of these were considered by respondent until 1979, when the township underwent a general reappraisal which was conducted by the employees of the Oakland County Equalization Department. At issue are the following items: (1) the removal of screens on the porch and the filling of the openings thus created with concrete blocks, (2) the removal of a wall between the porch and the interior living space, (3) the replacement of eight windows with vinyl-clad windows and the replacement of a wooden door with a steel insulated door, (4) the recovering of a floor and the replacement of a ceiling, and (5) repairs to the roof. We shall consider each of these items separately in light of the applicable statute.
MCL 211.27(2); MSA 7.27(2) provides as follows:
The assessor, beginning December 31, 1976, shall not consider expenditures for normal repairs, replacement, and maintenance in determining the true cash value of property for assessment purposes until the property is sold. Value attributable to the items included in subdivisions (a) to (o) which is known to the assessor and excluded from the true cash value shall be indicated on the assessment roll. This subsection shall apply only to residential property. The following repairs shall be considered normal maintenance if they are not part of a structural addition or completion:
(a) Outside painting.
(b) Repairing or replacing siding, roof, porches, steps, sidewalks, and drives.
(c) Repainting, repairing, or replacing existing masonry.
(d) Replacement of awnings.
(e) Adding or replacing gutters and downspouts.
*405 (f) Replacing storm windows or doors.
(g) Insulation or weatherstripping.
(h) Complete rewiring.
(i) Replacing plumbing and light fixtures.
(j) New furnace replacing a furnace of the same type or replacing oil or gas burner.
(k) Plaster repairs, inside painting, or other redecorating.
(l) New ceiling, wall, or ñoor surfacing.
(m) Removing partitions to enlarge rooms.
(n) Replacing automatic hot water heater.
(o) Replacing dated interior woodwork.
Court review of decisions of the Tax Tribunal, in the absence of fraud, is limited to determining whether the tribunal made an error of law or adopted a wrong principle, and the factual findings of the tribunal are final, provided that they are supported by competent and substantial evidence. Antisdale v Galesburg, 420 Mich 265, 277; 362 NW2d 632 (1984).
Turning first to the work done on the porch, we are inclined to conclude that petitioner’s removal of screens on the porch and the filling of openings thus created with concrete blocks do not come within the purview of the act. It does not come within subdivision (c) since it does not constitute the repair or replacement of existing masonry, but rather the addition of new masonry. On the other hand, it could arguably come within subdivision (b) as the repairing of a porch or under subdivision (f) as the replacing of windows or doors. While this presents a close question, we are inclined to conclude that the replacement of screens with concrete blocks constitutes "a structural addition or a completion” rather than a repair under the act. '
We next consider the removal of the wall between the interior living space and the porch. This
Next, we must consider whether the replacement of eight windows with vinyl-clad windows and the replacement of a wooden door with a steel insulated door comes within the provisions of subdivision (f), which provides for the replacing of storm windows or doors. We conclude that the subdivision is applicable. It appears that petitioner did replace both storm windows and the underlying wooden-framed windows with vinyl-clad windows and a wooden-framed storm door and the underlying wooden door with a steel insulated door. While this presents a close question, we are inclined to agree with petitioner that this does come within the purview of subdivision (f) inasmuch as storm windows and doors were replaced. We do not believe that the emphasis should be placed on what was installed, but rather what was replaced inasmuch as the statute refers to the replacing of storm windows and doors rather than installing storm windows and doors. Moreover, we do not believe it equitable to rule against a taxpayer where improvements in the materials available now allow for the replacement of older style windows and storm windows, as two separate units, with a newer unit which renders a separate storm window unnecessary. We believe that the actions taken by petitioner in the case at bar come within the purview of the Legislature’s intent in enacting this subdivision.
Next, we consider the work done by petitioner
Finally, we consider the new roof which petitioner built to replace an old roof which was apparently in need of repair. The tribunal rejected the new roof as coming within the purview of the act on the basis that the old roof was of a gable roof design and the new roof was of a hip roof design. We disagree with the tribunal’s conclusion. Subdivision (b) includes the repairing or replacing of a roof. Nothing in the statute indicates that the new roof must be of the same design as the old roof. We see no reason why, when a property owner must make repairs or replacement of an old roof, he should be required to build the new roof with the same design as the old roof.
For the above reasons, we conclude that the tribunal erred in affirming respondént’s inclusion of the above items, with the exception of the masonry work done to the porch windows, in the assessment of petitioner’s property. All of those items, with the one exception, shall be excluded from the assessment of the property pursuant to the home improvement act.
We must next consider whether those repairs which were conducted prior to the effective date of the act nevertheless come within the purview of the act. The tribunal concluded that work done
Next, petitioner argues that respondent incorrectly determined the effective age of the house, which is used in determining the appropriate depreciation factor. Basically, the assessor employed an "Effective Year Chart” which considers the actual date the building was constructed and whether it is in above average, average, or below average condition in arriving at an effective age of
Although the Tax Tribunal’s opinion does refer to petitioner’s argument on this issue, the tribunal did not fully analyze the issue inasmuch as it agreed with the assessor that the repairs could be considered in making the assessment. Accordingly, we believe it would be premature for us to fully address this issue at this time. Rather, on remand, the Tax Tribunal shall address the issue of (1) whether those repairs which are excludable under the act from inclusion in the assessed valuation should also be excluded from consideration in determining the effective age of a building and (2), if those repairs should be ignored in arriving at an effective age, the tribunal should determine what the effective age of petitioner’s house is without reference to those items which we have concluded should be excluded from the assessment.
Finally, petitioner argues that the tribunal erred in accepting respondent’s valuation of his land even though the comparable properties in the area relied upon by the parties had lower valuations. Respondent does not address this question in its brief on appeal. As noted above, our review is limited to questions of law and we must accept the factual findings of the tribunal. Accordingly, we decline to address the question whether the tribunal properly accepted the valuation of the land in
The decision of the tribunal is affirmed in part and reversed in part and the matter is remanded to the tribunal for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. We do not retain jurisdiction. Petitioner may tax costs in this Court.
Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded.
A different result might be called for if the new roof permitted a new or additional use of the building, for instance to permit an attic to now be used as living space. However, there is no indication that this was the situation in the case at bar.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- COYNE v. HIGHLAND TOWNSHIP
- Cited By
- 1 case
- Status
- Published