People v. Jefferson
People v. Jefferson
Opinion of the Court
Pursuant to a plea agreement, defendant pleaded guilty of delivery of between 225 and 650 grams of a mixture containing cocaine in violation of MCL 333.7401(2)(a)(ii); MSA 14.15(7401)(2)(a)(ii). Defendant was sentenced to five to thirty years, in prison. The prosecution appeals from the judgment of sentence, contending that the sentence impermissibly falls below the term agreed upon by the parties under the sentence agreement. This Court issued an order of peremptory reversal, which was vacated by our Supreme Court with direction that we give the case plenary consideration. 437 Mich 1034 (1991). We vacate defendant’s sentence and remand for further proceedings.
The trial court accepted the plea agreement and indicated that the court was aware of the sentence agreement. Before sentencing, defendant cooperated fully in accordance with the agreement, and the prosecution admits that defendant fully complied with the agreement. The trial court subsequently sentenced defendant to five to thirty years, a downward departure from the agreed-upon minimum, stating as the compelling reason defendant’s extensive cooperation with the prosecution.
The prosecution contends that it is entitled either to the imposition of the agreed-upon sentence or to be permitted to withdraw from the agreement. We reluctantly agree, and do so only because we are required to follow People v Siebert, 201 Mich App 402; 507 NW2d 211 (1993). Administrative Order No. 1990-6. In Siebert, this Court concluded that implicit in the decision of our Supreme Court in People v Killebrew, 416 Mich 189; 330 NW2d 834 (1982), is the assumption that the prosecution’s right to have a sentence agreement enforced must be recognized in the interest of fairness and of protecting the prosecution’s charging function. Siebert, supra, 408-412. Further, this Court in Siebert explicitly rejected the argument that the prosecution is barred from
Absent this Court’s decision in Siebert, however, we would be disinclined to agree with the prosecution. To allow the prosecution to withdraw from a plea agreement entered into with full knowledge by the prosecutor that the sentencing function is for the judiciary violates concepts articulated in Killebrew, supra, and more recently in People v Cobbs, 443 Mich 276; 505 NW2d 208 (1993). Further, to do so in a fact situation such as this, where defendant has satisfied her part of the bargain by cooperating fully with the authorities at her own personal risk, is fundamentally unfair.
Judicial control of sentencing, empowered by the Legislature, MCL 769.1; MSA 28.1072, will effectively be delivered to the prosecutor, who will assuredly condition the sentence to be imposed on any negotiated guilty plea. Reliance on negotiated guilty pleas is commonplace in the administration of our criminal justice system, and an already overburdened judiciary will be encouraged to go along with the plea and sentence established by the prosecutor. The idea of a judge being the impartial dispenser of justice will thus be threatened, as will the concept of the sentencing function belonging to the judiciary.
Although equal treatment may suggest that allowing a prosecutor to withdraw from a sentence agreement unfulfilled is no different than the present process of allowing a defendant to do so, see Killebrew, supra, such an argument ignores the reality of the power and crime-charging authority of the prosecutor in the criminal law process, as well as constitutional considerations unique to a defendant charged with a crime. Before Siebert, neither case law, court rule, nor practice would allow the procedure now condoned, and, in fact,
Concerning the prosecution’s contention that the court erred in staying execution of defendant’s sentence until the federal facility could accommodate her, we disagree.
Defendant’s sentence is vacated, and this case is remanded to the trial court, where the prosecution shall be given opportunity to withdraw from the plea agreement and reinstate the original charge. However, as in Siebert, supra, 430-431, n 18, should defendant choose instead to abide by the terms of the original agreement and to accept the sentence to which the parties agreed, the prosecution shall not be permitted to withdraw from the plea agreement, and defendant shall be sentenced in accordance with the terms of the plea agreement. We do not retain jurisdiction.
We agree with defense counsel that this issue is moot if, as defense counsel asserts, defendant is now incarcerated.
Concurring Opinion
(concurring). I agree with the majority opinion insofar as it concludes that defendant’s sentence must be vacated in light of People v Siebert, 201 Mich App 402; 507 NW2d 211 (1993). However, unlike the majority, I do not
Reference
- Full Case Name
- People v. Jefferson (On Remand)
- Cited By
- 3 cases
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- Published