Lexion Medical, LLC v. Surgiquest, Inc.
Lexion Medical, LLC v. Surgiquest, Inc.
Opinion of the Court
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER
INTRODUCTION
Plaintiff Lexion Medical, LLC (“Lex-ion”) and Defendant SurgiQuest, Inc. (“SurgiQuest”) manufacture and sell in-sufflation devices used in laparoscopic surgery.
BACKGROUND
I. The parties and their devices
Lexion is a Delaware company headquartered in St. Paul, Minnesota. (Am.
SurgiQuest is a Delaware corporation headquartered in Connecticut. (Id. ¶ 2.) It manufactures and sells the “AirSeal” device used in laparoscopic surgery, which works differently than Lexion’s Insuflow device. (Id. ¶ 11.) SurgiQuest’s device is valveless and utilizes “a horizontal air barrier” to prevent insufflation gas from escaping. (Dugan Decl. ¶ 5.) As a result, it “constantly re-circulates and filters the original [insufflation] gas, without the need to introduce large amounts of additional gas.” (Id.) Heating and humidifying is not required when using the AirSeal device, according to SurgiQuest, because the device “does not cause meaningful cooling or drying of the [surgical] environment,” as it does not permit insufflation gas to escape and, hence, additional cold, dry gas need not be pumped into the patient. (Id. ¶¶ 3, 5.)
II. The instant litigation
Lexion commenced this action against SurgiQuest on September 6, 2013. It alleges that SurgiQuest’s marketing materials “falsely state its AirSeal [device] is capable of reducing the side effects linked to the use of unconditioned insufflation gas” and that “it is unnecessary to warm and humidify the insufflation gas to reduce side effects.” (Am. Compl. ¶¶ 13-14.) It further alleges that SurgiQuest’s employees repeated these “misrepresentations” in sales meetings held throughout the United States, including in Minnesota. (Id. ¶¶ 15-16.) And it claims that due to these “misrepresentations,” doctors and others were influenced to purchase the AirSeal device, which has caused it (Lexion) to lose sales to prospective customers. (Id. ¶¶ 18-21.) This conduct, according to Lexion, constituted false advertising in violation of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1051 et seq., and deceptive and unlawful trade practices under Minnesota law.
III. SurgiQuest’s Minnesota contacts
SurgiQuest has no physical presence in Minnesota. (Dugan Decl. ¶ 8.) It owns no property here, has no offices here, and does not manufacture products here. (Id.) It is not registered to do business in Minnesota and has never been subject to Minnesota income taxes. (Id. ¶ 7.) It does not direct, and has never directed, any advertisements of any kind regarding its AirSeal device or any other product to Minnesota. (Id. ¶¶ 9, 12.) Instead, Surgi-Quest’s Minnesota contacts are primarily limited to the following:
First, in 2012, surgeons at Mercy Hospital (“Mercy”) in Coon Rapids, Minnesota, heard about the AirSeal device and wanted to learn more about it. (Dooher Decl. ¶ 3.) Mercy set up a meeting in Minnesota with two SurgiQuest employees, who provided additional information about the device. Mercy then obtained an AirSeal device and evaluated it in surgeries in October and November 2012. That eventually led Mercy to decide to purchase the device in March 2013, at a cost of approximately
IV. The present Motion
SurgiQuest moved to dismiss this case in October 2013, arguing that personal jurisdiction is lacking in Minnesota. Lexion responded with an Amended Complaint amplifying its allegations and citing the sale to Mercy, of which it learned via early discovery, as a Minnesota contact. Surgi-Quest now moves to dismiss the Amended Complaint for lack of personal jurisdiction or, alternatively, to dismiss Lexion’s state-law causes of action for failure to state a claim. The Motion has been fully briefed, the Court heard argument on March 11, 2014, and the Motion is ripe for disposition.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
In order to survive SurgiQuest’s Motion, Lexion must make only a prima facie showing of jurisdiction. E.g., Epps v. Stewart Info. Servs. Corp., 327 F.3d 642, 647 (8th Cir. 2003). This requires it to proffer “sufficient facts ... to support a reasonable inference that [SurgiQuest] can be subjected to jurisdiction within [Minnesota].” Dairy Farmers of Am., Inc. v. Bassett & Walker Int’l, Inc., 702 F.3d 472, 475 (8th Cir. 2012) (citations omitted). Because SurgiQuest controverts the existence of jurisdiction, Lexion’s showing “must be tested[ ] not by the pleadings alone, but by the affidavits and exhibits presented with the motion[] and in opposition thereto.” Id. (citations omitted). And where, as here, the Court does not hold an evidentia-ry hearing, it must “look at the facts in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, and resolve all factual conflicts in favor of that party.” Pangaea, Inc. v. Flying Burrito LLC, 647 F.3d 741, 745 (8th Cir. 2011) (citation omitted).
ANALYSIS
To establish a prima facie case of personal jurisdiction, Lexion must show that Minnesota’s long-arm statute has been satisfied and that exercising jurisdiction would comport with the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
I. Lexion has not established general jurisdiction.
Lexion first argues that Surgi-Quest’s contacts with Minnesota are so continuous and systematic as to justify the exercise of general jurisdiction. (See Mem. in Opp’n at 9-10.) The Court does not agree.
In support of its argument, Lexion hones in on the “ongoing, multiyear relationship” between Mercy, a Minnesota hospital, and SurgiQuest. (Id. at 9.)
Here, the record simply does not support the conclusion that Minnesota may be fairly characterized as SurgiQuest’s “home.” Though it has repeatedly trans
II. Lexion has not established specific jurisdiction.
Lexion next argues that the Court may exercise specific jurisdiction over Sur-giQuest. In support, it again focuses on SurgiQuest’s lone sale in this state, noting that SurgiQuest has sent marketing materials and made sales calls to, engaged in repeated sales (of consumables) to, and regularly communicated with, Mercy. (Mem. in Opp’n at 10-16.) And it contends that its claims&emdash;alleging SurgiQuest “has committed false advertising and misrepresentation in conjunction with the sale of its AirSeal System”&emdash;arise out of these Minnesota contacts. (Id. at 20-21 (arguing that documents produced by Allina “have already yielded marketing material containing precisely the misrepresentations that form the basis of this action”).)
But Lexion overlooks that some of these purported Minnesota contacts are in fact unrelated to this litigation. For example, it harps on Mercy’s repeated purchases of consumables from SurgiQuest, yet nothing before the Court suggests those purchases involved (alleged) misrepresentations regarding the AirSeal device. Moreover, Lexion pays no heed to the fact that Mercy initiated contact with Surgi-Quest, rather than the other way around. (See Dooher Decl. ¶ 3 (“[S]everal surgeons at Mercy had heard about [the] AirSeal system and were interested in learning more. Mercy [then] set up a meeting with two SurgiQuest representatives.”) (emphasis added).) Minnesota courts have recognized that a “crucial factor in determining whether the defendant availed itself of jurisdiction is the nonresident defendant’s effort to initiate or induce the transaction.” Viracon, Inc. v. J & L Curtain Wall LLC, 929 F.Supp.2d 878, 884 (D.Minn. 2013) (Kyle, J.) (quotation marks and citation omitted).
Regardless, Lexion’s argument misapprehends the specific-jurisdiction inquiry. As the Supreme Court emphasized just last month, the analysis must “look[ ] to the defendant’s contacts with the forum State itself, not the defendant’s contacts with persons who reside there.” Walden v. Fiore, - U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 1115, 1122, 188 L.Ed.2d 12 (2014) (emphasis added); accord id. at 1124 (courts must not “shift[ ] the analytical focus from [the defendant’s] contacts with the forum to [its] contacts with” forum residents) (emphasis added). A defendant’s “relationship with a
Viewed in the context of the allegations in the Amended Complaint, Lexion must show something more than the sale of a lone device by SurgiQuest to a single Minnesota entity&emdash;even one that contemplated a continuing relationship through purchases of consumables. See id. at 1122 (noting that specific jurisdiction requires a contractual relationship that “envisioned continuing and wide-range contacts in the forum State”) (emphasis added). Rather, Lexion must show SurgiQuest “purposefully reached ... into” Minnesota to “exploit” the market here. Id. It has failed to meet that standard. As noted above, Surgi-Quest does not direct, and has never directed, advertisements of any kind regarding its AirSeal device or any other product to Minnesota.
III. Jurisdictional discovery is unwarranted.
Finally, Lexion requests that the Court permit jurisdictional discovery if the present record does not suffice to deny SurgiQuest’s Motion. (Mem. in Opp’n at 23-24.) But in the Court’s view, jurisdictional discovery would be inappropriate for two reasons. First, this is not a case in which the plaintiff has been afforded no opportunity to explore the defendant’s forum contacts. Lexion already has obtained discovery regarding Surgi-Quest’s dealings with Mercy, SurgiQuest has denied other sales or marketing to Minnesota, and Lexion has not offered any compelling argument why Surgi-Quest’s denial is suspect. See, e.g., Vetta-Zelo, Inc. v. Ideum, Inc., Civ. No. 13-367, 2013 WL 3177804, at *9 (D.Minn. June 24, 2013) (Davis, C.J., adopting Report & Recommendation of Keyes, M.J.) (denying jurisdictional discovery where defendant “provided a sworn affidavit showing what appears to be the entirety of any potential
CONCLUSION
Based on the foregoing, and all the files, records, and proceedings herein, it is ORDERED that SurgiQuest’s Motion to Dismiss (Doc. No. 31) is GRANTED IN PART, and this action is DISMISSED WITHOUT PREJUDICE for lack of personal jurisdiction.
LET JUDGMENT BE ENTERED ACCORDINGLY.
. Laparoscopic surgery involves several small incisions in the patient rather than one large one. A tube-like device (“trochar”) is inserted into an incision, through which special instruments and a camera are passed to perform the procedure. In order to provide the surgeon with working space and visibility, the area being operated upon is inflated with gas, usually carbon dioxide, in a process called insufflation. See http://www.fascrs.org/ patients/treatments_and_screenings/ laparoscopic_surgery/ (last visited March 24, 2014).
. Because the Court finds personal jurisdiction over SurgiQuest lacking, it need not (and does not) reach SurgiQuest’s alternative arguments for dismissal of the state-law claims. Hence, only the standard applicable to a motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction is recited here.
. For a cogent explanation why the Fourteenth Amendment, rather than the Fifth Amendment, applies in this federal-question case (through the back door of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4(k)), see Wallace v. Mathias, 864 F.Supp.2d 826, 832-34 (D.Neb. 2012).
. This third factor distinguishes “specific” jurisdiction from "general” jurisdiction. Specific jurisdiction exists in causes of action that arise out of a defendant's contacts with the forum state. Daimler AG, 134 S.Ct. at 754. General jurisdiction, by contrast reaches any cause of action against a defendant with "continuous and systematic” forum contacts. Id. (citation omitted).
. Notably, while Lexion raised general jurisdiction in its brief, at the hearing it focused on specific jurisdiction.
.Lexion overplays this contact, noting that Mercy is “part of Allina Health System ('Alli-na’), a Minnesota company with 13 hospitals in Minnesota.” (Mem. in Opp’n at 2; accord, e.g., id. at 4-5 (pointing out that Allina has "one hundred eighty-two clinics and twelve urgent care facilities” in the state).) But there is no indication SurgiQuest has attempted to market or sell its device to any Allina facility besides Mercy.
. Lexion asserts SurgiQuest "has directed marketing materials and made sales calls” to two Minnesota hospitals besides Mercy. (Mem. in Opp'n at 13.) Support for that assertion ostensibly comes from the Declaration of SurgiQuest's President. But the Declaration provides only that two hospitals “asked for information about” SurgiQuest's products (Dugan Deck ¶ 14 (emphasis added))&emdash;it says nothing about whether Surgi-Quest provided responsive information, and Lexion's counsel confirmed at oral argument that it simply assumed SurgiQuest had done so. See Coen v. Coen, 509 F.3d 900, 904 (8th Cir. 2007) ("If jurisdiction is controverted, the plaintiff has the burden of proving facts supporting personal jurisdiction.”) (emphasis added). In any event, providing marketing materials to Minnesota hospitals on a handful of occasions falls well short of the "purposeful availment" necessary to establish specific jurisdiction. See, e.g., Jacobs Trading, LLC v. Ningbo Hicon Int’l Indus. Co., 872 F.Supp.2d 838, 847 (D.Minn. 2012) (Ericksen, J.) ("The mere making of statements to a resident of a forum state is not the same as directing activity toward the forum state.”); Zumbro, Inc. v. Cal. Natural Prods., 861 F.Supp. 773, 776 (D.Minn. 1994) (Kyle, J.) (no personal jurisdiction over defendant despite sending literature to Minnesota and meeting with Minnesota sales prospects).
Opinion of the Court
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER
INTRODUCTION
Plaintiff Lexion Medical, LLC (“Lex-ion”) and Defendant SurgiQuest, Inc. (“SurgiQuest”) manufacture and sell in-sufflation devices used in laparoscopic surgery.
BACKGROUND
I. The parties and their devices
Lexion is a Delaware company headquartered in St. Paul, Minnesota. (Am.
SurgiQuest is a Delaware corporation headquartered in Connecticut. (Id. ¶ 2.) It manufactures and sells the “AirSeal” device used in laparoscopic surgery, which works differently than Lexion’s Insuflow device. (Id. ¶ 11.) SurgiQuest’s device is valveless and utilizes “a horizontal air barrier” to prevent insufflation gas from escaping. (Dugan Decl. ¶ 5.) As a result, it “constantly re-circulates and filters the original [insufflation] gas, without the need to introduce large amounts of additional gas.” (Id.) Heating and humidifying is not required when using the AirSeal device, according to SurgiQuest, because the device “does not cause meaningful cooling or drying of the [surgical] environment,” as it does not permit insufflation gas to escape and, hence, additional cold, dry gas need not be pumped into the patient. (Id. ¶¶ 3, 5.)
II. The instant litigation
Lexion commenced this action against SurgiQuest on September 6, 2013. It alleges that SurgiQuest’s marketing materials “falsely state its AirSeal [device] is capable of reducing the side effects linked to the use of unconditioned insufflation gas” and that “it is unnecessary to warm and humidify the insufflation gas to reduce side effects.” (Am. Compl. ¶¶ 13-14.) It further alleges that SurgiQuest’s employees repeated these “misrepresentations” in sales meetings held throughout the United States, including in Minnesota. (Id. ¶¶ 15-16.) And it claims that due to these “misrepresentations,” doctors and others were influenced to purchase the AirSeal device, which has caused it (Lexion) to lose sales to prospective customers. (Id. ¶¶ 18-21.) This conduct, according to Lexion, constituted false advertising in violation of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1051 et seq., and deceptive and unlawful trade practices under Minnesota law.
III. SurgiQuest’s Minnesota contacts
SurgiQuest has no physical presence in Minnesota. (Dugan Decl. ¶ 8.) It owns no property here, has no offices here, and does not manufacture products here. (Id.) It is not registered to do business in Minnesota and has never been subject to Minnesota income taxes. (Id. ¶ 7.) It does not direct, and has never directed, any advertisements of any kind regarding its AirSeal device or any other product to Minnesota. (Id. ¶¶ 9, 12.) Instead, Surgi-Quest’s Minnesota contacts are primarily limited to the following:
First, in 2012, surgeons at Mercy Hospital (“Mercy”) in Coon Rapids, Minnesota, heard about the AirSeal device and wanted to learn more about it. (Dooher Decl. ¶ 3.) Mercy set up a meeting in Minnesota with two SurgiQuest employees, who provided additional information about the device. Mercy then obtained an AirSeal device and evaluated it in surgeries in October and November 2012. That eventually led Mercy to decide to purchase the device in March 2013, at a cost of approximately
IV. The present Motion
SurgiQuest moved to dismiss this case in October 2013, arguing that personal jurisdiction is lacking in Minnesota. Lexion responded with an Amended Complaint amplifying its allegations and citing the sale to Mercy, of which it learned via early discovery, as a Minnesota contact. Surgi-Quest now moves to dismiss the Amended Complaint for lack of personal jurisdiction or, alternatively, to dismiss Lexion’s state-law causes of action for failure to state a claim. The Motion has been fully briefed, the Court heard argument on March 11, 2014, and the Motion is ripe for disposition.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
In order to survive SurgiQuest’s Motion, Lexion must make only a prima facie showing of jurisdiction. E.g., Epps v. Stewart Info. Servs. Corp., 327 F.3d 642, 647 (8th Cir. 2003). This requires it to proffer “sufficient facts ... to support a reasonable inference that [SurgiQuest] can be subjected to jurisdiction within [Minnesota].” Dairy Farmers of Am., Inc. v. Bassett & Walker Int’l, Inc., 702 F.3d 472, 475 (8th Cir. 2012) (citations omitted). Because SurgiQuest controverts the existence of jurisdiction, Lexion’s showing “must be tested[ ] not by the pleadings alone, but by the affidavits and exhibits presented with the motion[] and in opposition thereto.” Id. (citations omitted). And where, as here, the Court does not hold an evidentia-ry hearing, it must “look at the facts in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, and resolve all factual conflicts in favor of that party.” Pangaea, Inc. v. Flying Burrito LLC, 647 F.3d 741, 745 (8th Cir. 2011) (citation omitted).
ANALYSIS
To establish a prima facie case of personal jurisdiction, Lexion must show that Minnesota’s long-arm statute has been satisfied and that exercising jurisdiction would comport with the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
I. Lexion has not established general jurisdiction.
Lexion first argues that Surgi-Quest’s contacts with Minnesota are so continuous and systematic as to justify the exercise of general jurisdiction. (See Mem. in Opp’n at 9-10.) The Court does not agree.
In support of its argument, Lexion hones in on the “ongoing, multiyear relationship” between Mercy, a Minnesota hospital, and SurgiQuest. (Id. at 9.)
Here, the record simply does not support the conclusion that Minnesota may be fairly characterized as SurgiQuest’s “home.” Though it has repeatedly trans
II. Lexion has not established specific jurisdiction.
Lexion next argues that the Court may exercise specific jurisdiction over Sur-giQuest. In support, it again focuses on SurgiQuest’s lone sale in this state, noting that SurgiQuest has sent marketing materials and made sales calls to, engaged in repeated sales (of consumables) to, and regularly communicated with, Mercy. (Mem. in Opp’n at 10-16.) And it contends that its claims&emdash;alleging SurgiQuest “has committed false advertising and misrepresentation in conjunction with the sale of its AirSeal System”&emdash;arise out of these Minnesota contacts. (Id. at 20-21 (arguing that documents produced by Allina “have already yielded marketing material containing precisely the misrepresentations that form the basis of this action”).)
But Lexion overlooks that some of these purported Minnesota contacts are in fact unrelated to this litigation. For example, it harps on Mercy’s repeated purchases of consumables from SurgiQuest, yet nothing before the Court suggests those purchases involved (alleged) misrepresentations regarding the AirSeal device. Moreover, Lexion pays no heed to the fact that Mercy initiated contact with Surgi-Quest, rather than the other way around. (See Dooher Decl. ¶ 3 (“[S]everal surgeons at Mercy had heard about [the] AirSeal system and were interested in learning more. Mercy [then] set up a meeting with two SurgiQuest representatives.”) (emphasis added).) Minnesota courts have recognized that a “crucial factor in determining whether the defendant availed itself of jurisdiction is the nonresident defendant’s effort to initiate or induce the transaction.” Viracon, Inc. v. J & L Curtain Wall LLC, 929 F.Supp.2d 878, 884 (D.Minn. 2013) (Kyle, J.) (quotation marks and citation omitted).
Regardless, Lexion’s argument misapprehends the specific-jurisdiction inquiry. As the Supreme Court emphasized just last month, the analysis must “look[ ] to the defendant’s contacts with the forum State itself, not the defendant’s contacts with persons who reside there.” Walden v. Fiore, - U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 1115, 1122, 188 L.Ed.2d 12 (2014) (emphasis added); accord id. at 1124 (courts must not “shift[ ] the analytical focus from [the defendant’s] contacts with the forum to [its] contacts with” forum residents) (emphasis added). A defendant’s “relationship with a
Viewed in the context of the allegations in the Amended Complaint, Lexion must show something more than the sale of a lone device by SurgiQuest to a single Minnesota entity&emdash;even one that contemplated a continuing relationship through purchases of consumables. See id. at 1122 (noting that specific jurisdiction requires a contractual relationship that “envisioned continuing and wide-range contacts in the forum State”) (emphasis added). Rather, Lexion must show SurgiQuest “purposefully reached ... into” Minnesota to “exploit” the market here. Id. It has failed to meet that standard. As noted above, Surgi-Quest does not direct, and has never directed, advertisements of any kind regarding its AirSeal device or any other product to Minnesota.
III. Jurisdictional discovery is unwarranted.
Finally, Lexion requests that the Court permit jurisdictional discovery if the present record does not suffice to deny SurgiQuest’s Motion. (Mem. in Opp’n at 23-24.) But in the Court’s view, jurisdictional discovery would be inappropriate for two reasons. First, this is not a case in which the plaintiff has been afforded no opportunity to explore the defendant’s forum contacts. Lexion already has obtained discovery regarding Surgi-Quest’s dealings with Mercy, SurgiQuest has denied other sales or marketing to Minnesota, and Lexion has not offered any compelling argument why Surgi-Quest’s denial is suspect. See, e.g., Vetta-Zelo, Inc. v. Ideum, Inc., Civ. No. 13-367, 2013 WL 3177804, at *9 (D.Minn. June 24, 2013) (Davis, C.J., adopting Report & Recommendation of Keyes, M.J.) (denying jurisdictional discovery where defendant “provided a sworn affidavit showing what appears to be the entirety of any potential
CONCLUSION
Based on the foregoing, and all the files, records, and proceedings herein, it is ORDERED that SurgiQuest’s Motion to Dismiss (Doc. No. 31) is GRANTED IN PART, and this action is DISMISSED WITHOUT PREJUDICE for lack of personal jurisdiction.
LET JUDGMENT BE ENTERED ACCORDINGLY.
. Laparoscopic surgery involves several small incisions in the patient rather than one large one. A tube-like device (“trochar”) is inserted into an incision, through which special instruments and a camera are passed to perform the procedure. In order to provide the surgeon with working space and visibility, the area being operated upon is inflated with gas, usually carbon dioxide, in a process called insufflation. See http://www.fascrs.org/ patients/treatments_and_screenings/ laparoscopic_surgery/ (last visited March 24, 2014).
. Because the Court finds personal jurisdiction over SurgiQuest lacking, it need not (and does not) reach SurgiQuest’s alternative arguments for dismissal of the state-law claims. Hence, only the standard applicable to a motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction is recited here.
. For a cogent explanation why the Fourteenth Amendment, rather than the Fifth Amendment, applies in this federal-question case (through the back door of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4(k)), see Wallace v. Mathias, 864 F.Supp.2d 826, 832-34 (D.Neb. 2012).
. This third factor distinguishes “specific” jurisdiction from "general” jurisdiction. Specific jurisdiction exists in causes of action that arise out of a defendant's contacts with the forum state. Daimler AG, 134 S.Ct. at 754. General jurisdiction, by contrast reaches any cause of action against a defendant with "continuous and systematic” forum contacts. Id. (citation omitted).
. Notably, while Lexion raised general jurisdiction in its brief, at the hearing it focused on specific jurisdiction.
.Lexion overplays this contact, noting that Mercy is “part of Allina Health System ('Alli-na’), a Minnesota company with 13 hospitals in Minnesota.” (Mem. in Opp’n at 2; accord, e.g., id. at 4-5 (pointing out that Allina has "one hundred eighty-two clinics and twelve urgent care facilities” in the state).) But there is no indication SurgiQuest has attempted to market or sell its device to any Allina facility besides Mercy.
. Lexion asserts SurgiQuest "has directed marketing materials and made sales calls” to two Minnesota hospitals besides Mercy. (Mem. in Opp'n at 13.) Support for that assertion ostensibly comes from the Declaration of SurgiQuest's President. But the Declaration provides only that two hospitals “asked for information about” SurgiQuest's products (Dugan Deck ¶ 14 (emphasis added))&emdash;it says nothing about whether Surgi-Quest provided responsive information, and Lexion's counsel confirmed at oral argument that it simply assumed SurgiQuest had done so. See Coen v. Coen, 509 F.3d 900, 904 (8th Cir. 2007) ("If jurisdiction is controverted, the plaintiff has the burden of proving facts supporting personal jurisdiction.”) (emphasis added). In any event, providing marketing materials to Minnesota hospitals on a handful of occasions falls well short of the "purposeful availment" necessary to establish specific jurisdiction. See, e.g., Jacobs Trading, LLC v. Ningbo Hicon Int’l Indus. Co., 872 F.Supp.2d 838, 847 (D.Minn. 2012) (Ericksen, J.) ("The mere making of statements to a resident of a forum state is not the same as directing activity toward the forum state.”); Zumbro, Inc. v. Cal. Natural Prods., 861 F.Supp. 773, 776 (D.Minn. 1994) (Kyle, J.) (no personal jurisdiction over defendant despite sending literature to Minnesota and meeting with Minnesota sales prospects).
Reference
- Full Case Name
- LEXION MEDICAL, LLC v. SURGIQUEST, INC.
- Cited By
- 2 cases
- Status
- Published