Farnam Street Financial, Inc. v. Safe & Green Holdings Corp.

U.S. District Court, District of Minnesota

Farnam Street Financial, Inc. v. Safe & Green Holdings Corp.

Trial Court Opinion

                UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT                             
                    DISTRICT OF MINNESOTA                                


Farnam  Street  Financial,  Inc.,  a    Case No. 24-cv-3249 KMM/TNL      
Minnesota corporation,                                                   

               Plaintiff,                                                

v.                                    ORDER FOR ENTRY OF                 
                                    JUDGMENT PURSUANT TO                 
Safe  &  Green  Holdings  Corp.,  a    CONFESSION OF JUDGMENT            
Delaware   corporation,  SG                                              
Environmental  Solutions  Corp.,  a                                      
Delaware corporation, and SG Echo,                                       
LLC,  a  Delaware  limited  liability                                    
company,                                                                 

               Defendants.                                               


    Before the Court is Plaintiff’s Motion for Entry of Judgment Pursuant to Confession 
of Judgment. ECF 8. Defendants have filed no response, in opposition or otherwise, to this 
motion. A hearing was held on October 28, 2024, in which counsel for Plaintiff appeared, 
but no appearance was made by Defendant or by any representative of Defendant. See ECF 
16 (H’rng Minute Entry). Based on the representations of Plaintiff’s counsel during the 
hearing about his recent communications with counsel for Defendant and on the service 
documents filed by Plaintiff (see ECF 15), the Court is satisfied that Defendant is aware of 
the pending motion for entry of judgment, was aware of the October 28 hearing, and has 
elected  to  take  no  position  on  Plaintiff’s  request.  Therefore,  the  Court,  having  duly 
considered Plaintiff’s uncontested submissions, now makes the following:  
                       FINDINGS OF FACT                                  
    A.   Parties and Jurisdiction                                        
    1.   Farnam Street Financial, Inc. (“Farnam Street”) is a Minnesota corporation 
with its corporate headquarters and principal place of business located in Minnetonka, 

Minnesota. (Morgan Decl. ¶ 2).                                            
    2.   Safe & Green Holdings Corp. (“Holdings”) is a Delaware corporation with 
its principal place of business located in Florida. (Ashfield Decl. ¶ 3, Ex. A.)). 
    3.   SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (“S&G”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of 
Holdings, is a Delaware corporation with its principal place of business located in Florida. 

Based on the citizenship of its sole member—Holdings—S&G is a citizen of Delaware and 
Florida. (Ashfield Decl. ¶ 5, Ex. C (“Settlement Agreement”) at p.1)      
    4.   SG Echo, LLC (“SG Echo”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings, is a 
Delaware limited liability company.  Based on the citizenship of its sole member—
Holdings—SG Echo is a citizen of Delaware and Florida. (Id.)              

    5.   The Court has subject-matter jurisdiction over this case under 
28 U.S.C. § 1332
(a)(1) based upon the complete diversity of citizenship between the parties and the 
fact that the amount in controversy, exclusive of costs and interest, exceeds the sum of 
$75,000.00.                                                               
    6.   The Court has personal jurisdiction over Holdings, S&G and SG Echo based 

upon the terms of the Confession of Judgment at issue in this case. (See Ashfield Decl. ¶ 
4, Ex. B (“Confession”) at ¶ 10.).                                        
    7.   Venue is proper in this judicial district under 
28 U.S.C. § 1391
(b)(2) and the 
terms of the Confession of Judgment at issue in this case. (Id.)          
    8.   In October 2021, S&G, formerly known as SG Blocks, Inc., and Farnam 

Street entered into that certain Lease Agreement identified by number SGI01321 (the 
“Lease Agreement”).  (Confession ¶ 1.)                                    
    9.   In connection with the Lease Agreement, S&G and Farnam Street entered 
into Lease Schedule 001 (“Schedule 1”).  (Id.)                            
    10.  S&G accepted and installed $1,556,163.00 worth of equipment pursuant to 
the Lease Agreement and Schedule 1.                                       

    11.  On October 17, 2023, Farnam Street commenced an action against S&G in 
the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota to collect the amounts due 
under the Lease Agreement and Schedule 1.1                                
    12.  In July 2024 and in an effort to resolve the litigation and allow the Defendants 
to  continue  using  the  Equipment,  Farnam  Street  and  the  Defendants  entered  into  a 

Settlement Agreement. Under paragraph 3 of the Settlement Agreement, S&G agreed to 
pay Farnam Street as follows:                                             
         i.  Pay $167,056.00 to Farnam Street as a security deposit for the leasing 
         transaction described in the Settlement Agreement (the “Deposit”), on or 
         before August 1, 2024; and                                      
         ii.  Make the required monthly lease payments in the amount of $65,880.95 
         (plus applicable taxes), starting on August 1, 2024.            
    13.  Holdings  and  SG  Echo  guaranteed  all  obligations  of  S&G.  (Settlement 
Agreement ¶ 4.)                                                           

1 See Case No. 23-CV-3212.                                                
    14.  To secure the payments due under the Settlement Agreement, the Defendants 
executed and delivered to Farnam Street the Confession.  (Id. at ¶ 8.)    

    15.  Pursuant to the Confession, the Defendants agreed that if they failed to make 
a Deposit or any monthly lease payment when due, any attorney designated by Farnam 
Street could appear in person or by affidavit on behalf of Farnam Street in the United States 
District Court of Minnesota to confess judgment against Defendants, jointly and severally, 
and in favor of Farnam Street for the “Judgment Amount” of $2,000,000 as reduced by any 
payments made after execution of the Settlement Agreement. (Confession ¶ 8.) 

    16.   The Defendants further agreed that Minnesota courts would have personal 
jurisdiction over them and the authority to enter judgment pursuant to the Confession. 
Finally, the Defendants agreed that they would not be entitled to any right to notice, hearing 
or opportunity to protest prior to the entry of judgment pursuant to the Confession of 
Judgment. (Id. at ¶ 9.)                                                   

    17.  The  Defendants  were  represented  by  legal  counsel,  Cory  Barnwell  of 
Barnwell Law Group, P.C. and Shawn M. Perry of Perry & Perry, PLLP, in connection 
with  the  prior  litigation,  as  well  as  the  negotiation  and  execution  of  the  Settlement 
Agreement and Confession. (Ashfield Decl. ¶ 6).                           
    B.   Default                                                         
    18.  The  Defendants  have  not  made  any  payments  to  Farnam  Street  after 
execution  of  the  Settlement  Agreement,  including  the  Deposit  or  the  monthly  lease 

payments due on or before August 1, 2024 and September 1, 2024.   (Morgan Decl. ¶ 3.) 
    19.  Farnam Street provided written  notice of Default for failure to pay the 
Deposit and monthly lease payment due on or before August 1, 2024. (Ashfield Decl. ¶ 7, 
Ex. D.)                                                                   
    20.  The Defendants agreed that the amount of the judgment to be entered against 

them under the Confession upon default would be in the amount of $2,000,000.00, less any 
payments received after execution of the Settlement Agreement.  (Confession at p. 1, ¶ 7.)   
    21.  Based upon the foregoing, the amount due under the Confession remains 
$2,000,000.00.                                                            
                     CONCLUSIONS OF LAW                                  
    1.   Confessions of judgment are valid and enforceable under Minnesota law if 

they are evidenced by a written statement signed and verified by the obligor showing that 
the confessed amount is justly due and owing to the holder. 
Minn. Stat. § 548.22
. 
    2.   A federal court has the power and authority to enter a judgment pursuant to 
a confession of judgment as long as subject-matter jurisdiction exists and the confession of 
judgment was voluntarily, knowingly and intelligently made. D.H. Overmyer Co., Inc. v. 

Frick Co., 
405 U.S. 174, 186
 (1972); Orlando Residence, Ltd. v. Nelson, 565 Fed. App’x 
212, 222 (4th Cir. 2014) (“Federal courts have the power to enter confession judgments, as 
has been recognized by courts time and again”); National Leasing Corp. v. Williams, 
80 F.R.D. 416, 418
 (W.D. Pa. 1978)(“There is no legal prohibition against entering judgment 
by confession in a court of the United States, if federal jurisdiction exists”); 
28 U.S.C. § 1874
 (“In all actions  to recover the forfeiture annexed to any articles  of agreement, 
covenant, bond, or other specialty, wherein the forfeiture, breach, or nonperformance 
appears by default or confession of the defendant, the court shall render judgment for the 
plaintiff for such amount as is due”).                                    
    3.   The Court has subject-matter jurisdiction over this case under 
28 U.S.C. §1332
(a).                                                                 

    4.   The Court has personal jurisdiction over the Defendants under the terms of 
the Confession. See Orlando Residence, 565 Fed. App’x at 222-23 (district court may 
exercise personal jurisdiction over obligors based upon terms of confession of judgment); 
Alland v. Consumers Credit Corp., 
476 F.2d 951, 954
 (2d Cir. 1973) (same). 
    5.   Venue is proper in this judicial district under 
28 U.S.C. § 1391
(b)(2) and the 

terms of the Confession.                                                  
    6.   The Confession was signed and verified by the Defendants and shows that 
the confessed amount is justly due and owing to Farnam Street. (Confession ¶ 9.) The 
Defendants were represented by legal counsel in connection with the negotiation and 
execution of the Settlement Agreement and Confession of Judgment and entered into the 

Confession knowingly, voluntarily and intelligently. (Ashfield Decl. ¶ 6.) 
    7.   Farnam Street is entitled to entry of judgment against the Defendants based 
upon the Confession in the amount of $2,000,000.00.                       
                     ORDER FOR JUDGMENT                                  
    Based upon the foregoing,                                            
    IT IS HEREBY ORDERED:                                                
    1.   That Farnam Street Financial Inc.’s Motion for Entry of Judgment Pursuant 

to Confession of Judgment is GRANTED; and                                 
    2.   That the Clerk of Court shall forthwith enter a money judgment in favor of 
Farnam  Street  and  against  the  Defendants,  jointly  and  severally,  in  the  amount  of 
$2,000,000.00.                                                            


    LET JUDGMENT BE ENTERED ACCORDINGLY                                  


Date: October 30, 2024          s/ Katherine Menendez                    
                                Katherine Menendez                       
                                United States District Judge             

Trial Court Opinion

                UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT                             
                    DISTRICT OF MINNESOTA                                


Farnam  Street  Financial,  Inc.,  a    Case No. 24-cv-3249 KMM/TNL      
Minnesota corporation,                                                   

               Plaintiff,                                                

v.                                    ORDER FOR ENTRY OF                 
                                    JUDGMENT PURSUANT TO                 
Safe  &  Green  Holdings  Corp.,  a    CONFESSION OF JUDGMENT            
Delaware   corporation,  SG                                              
Environmental  Solutions  Corp.,  a                                      
Delaware corporation, and SG Echo,                                       
LLC,  a  Delaware  limited  liability                                    
company,                                                                 

               Defendants.                                               


    Before the Court is Plaintiff’s Motion for Entry of Judgment Pursuant to Confession 
of Judgment. ECF 8. Defendants have filed no response, in opposition or otherwise, to this 
motion. A hearing was held on October 28, 2024, in which counsel for Plaintiff appeared, 
but no appearance was made by Defendant or by any representative of Defendant. See ECF 
16 (H’rng Minute Entry). Based on the representations of Plaintiff’s counsel during the 
hearing about his recent communications with counsel for Defendant and on the service 
documents filed by Plaintiff (see ECF 15), the Court is satisfied that Defendant is aware of 
the pending motion for entry of judgment, was aware of the October 28 hearing, and has 
elected  to  take  no  position  on  Plaintiff’s  request.  Therefore,  the  Court,  having  duly 
considered Plaintiff’s uncontested submissions, now makes the following:  
                       FINDINGS OF FACT                                  
    A.   Parties and Jurisdiction                                        
    1.   Farnam Street Financial, Inc. (“Farnam Street”) is a Minnesota corporation 
with its corporate headquarters and principal place of business located in Minnetonka, 

Minnesota. (Morgan Decl. ¶ 2).                                            
    2.   Safe & Green Holdings Corp. (“Holdings”) is a Delaware corporation with 
its principal place of business located in Florida. (Ashfield Decl. ¶ 3, Ex. A.)). 
    3.   SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (“S&G”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of 
Holdings, is a Delaware corporation with its principal place of business located in Florida. 

Based on the citizenship of its sole member—Holdings—S&G is a citizen of Delaware and 
Florida. (Ashfield Decl. ¶ 5, Ex. C (“Settlement Agreement”) at p.1)      
    4.   SG Echo, LLC (“SG Echo”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings, is a 
Delaware limited liability company.  Based on the citizenship of its sole member—
Holdings—SG Echo is a citizen of Delaware and Florida. (Id.)              

    5.   The Court has subject-matter jurisdiction over this case under 
28 U.S.C. § 1332
(a)(1) based upon the complete diversity of citizenship between the parties and the 
fact that the amount in controversy, exclusive of costs and interest, exceeds the sum of 
$75,000.00.                                                               
    6.   The Court has personal jurisdiction over Holdings, S&G and SG Echo based 

upon the terms of the Confession of Judgment at issue in this case. (See Ashfield Decl. ¶ 
4, Ex. B (“Confession”) at ¶ 10.).                                        
    7.   Venue is proper in this judicial district under 
28 U.S.C. § 1391
(b)(2) and the 
terms of the Confession of Judgment at issue in this case. (Id.)          
    8.   In October 2021, S&G, formerly known as SG Blocks, Inc., and Farnam 

Street entered into that certain Lease Agreement identified by number SGI01321 (the 
“Lease Agreement”).  (Confession ¶ 1.)                                    
    9.   In connection with the Lease Agreement, S&G and Farnam Street entered 
into Lease Schedule 001 (“Schedule 1”).  (Id.)                            
    10.  S&G accepted and installed $1,556,163.00 worth of equipment pursuant to 
the Lease Agreement and Schedule 1.                                       

    11.  On October 17, 2023, Farnam Street commenced an action against S&G in 
the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota to collect the amounts due 
under the Lease Agreement and Schedule 1.1                                
    12.  In July 2024 and in an effort to resolve the litigation and allow the Defendants 
to  continue  using  the  Equipment,  Farnam  Street  and  the  Defendants  entered  into  a 

Settlement Agreement. Under paragraph 3 of the Settlement Agreement, S&G agreed to 
pay Farnam Street as follows:                                             
         i.  Pay $167,056.00 to Farnam Street as a security deposit for the leasing 
         transaction described in the Settlement Agreement (the “Deposit”), on or 
         before August 1, 2024; and                                      
         ii.  Make the required monthly lease payments in the amount of $65,880.95 
         (plus applicable taxes), starting on August 1, 2024.            
    13.  Holdings  and  SG  Echo  guaranteed  all  obligations  of  S&G.  (Settlement 
Agreement ¶ 4.)                                                           

1 See Case No. 23-CV-3212.                                                
    14.  To secure the payments due under the Settlement Agreement, the Defendants 
executed and delivered to Farnam Street the Confession.  (Id. at ¶ 8.)    

    15.  Pursuant to the Confession, the Defendants agreed that if they failed to make 
a Deposit or any monthly lease payment when due, any attorney designated by Farnam 
Street could appear in person or by affidavit on behalf of Farnam Street in the United States 
District Court of Minnesota to confess judgment against Defendants, jointly and severally, 
and in favor of Farnam Street for the “Judgment Amount” of $2,000,000 as reduced by any 
payments made after execution of the Settlement Agreement. (Confession ¶ 8.) 

    16.   The Defendants further agreed that Minnesota courts would have personal 
jurisdiction over them and the authority to enter judgment pursuant to the Confession. 
Finally, the Defendants agreed that they would not be entitled to any right to notice, hearing 
or opportunity to protest prior to the entry of judgment pursuant to the Confession of 
Judgment. (Id. at ¶ 9.)                                                   

    17.  The  Defendants  were  represented  by  legal  counsel,  Cory  Barnwell  of 
Barnwell Law Group, P.C. and Shawn M. Perry of Perry & Perry, PLLP, in connection 
with  the  prior  litigation,  as  well  as  the  negotiation  and  execution  of  the  Settlement 
Agreement and Confession. (Ashfield Decl. ¶ 6).                           
    B.   Default                                                         
    18.  The  Defendants  have  not  made  any  payments  to  Farnam  Street  after 
execution  of  the  Settlement  Agreement,  including  the  Deposit  or  the  monthly  lease 

payments due on or before August 1, 2024 and September 1, 2024.   (Morgan Decl. ¶ 3.) 
    19.  Farnam Street provided written  notice of Default for failure to pay the 
Deposit and monthly lease payment due on or before August 1, 2024. (Ashfield Decl. ¶ 7, 
Ex. D.)                                                                   
    20.  The Defendants agreed that the amount of the judgment to be entered against 

them under the Confession upon default would be in the amount of $2,000,000.00, less any 
payments received after execution of the Settlement Agreement.  (Confession at p. 1, ¶ 7.)   
    21.  Based upon the foregoing, the amount due under the Confession remains 
$2,000,000.00.                                                            
                     CONCLUSIONS OF LAW                                  
    1.   Confessions of judgment are valid and enforceable under Minnesota law if 

they are evidenced by a written statement signed and verified by the obligor showing that 
the confessed amount is justly due and owing to the holder. 
Minn. Stat. § 548.22
. 
    2.   A federal court has the power and authority to enter a judgment pursuant to 
a confession of judgment as long as subject-matter jurisdiction exists and the confession of 
judgment was voluntarily, knowingly and intelligently made. D.H. Overmyer Co., Inc. v. 

Frick Co., 
405 U.S. 174, 186
 (1972); Orlando Residence, Ltd. v. Nelson, 565 Fed. App’x 
212, 222 (4th Cir. 2014) (“Federal courts have the power to enter confession judgments, as 
has been recognized by courts time and again”); National Leasing Corp. v. Williams, 
80 F.R.D. 416, 418
 (W.D. Pa. 1978)(“There is no legal prohibition against entering judgment 
by confession in a court of the United States, if federal jurisdiction exists”); 
28 U.S.C. § 1874
 (“In all actions  to recover the forfeiture annexed to any articles  of agreement, 
covenant, bond, or other specialty, wherein the forfeiture, breach, or nonperformance 
appears by default or confession of the defendant, the court shall render judgment for the 
plaintiff for such amount as is due”).                                    
    3.   The Court has subject-matter jurisdiction over this case under 
28 U.S.C. §1332
(a).                                                                 

    4.   The Court has personal jurisdiction over the Defendants under the terms of 
the Confession. See Orlando Residence, 565 Fed. App’x at 222-23 (district court may 
exercise personal jurisdiction over obligors based upon terms of confession of judgment); 
Alland v. Consumers Credit Corp., 
476 F.2d 951, 954
 (2d Cir. 1973) (same). 
    5.   Venue is proper in this judicial district under 
28 U.S.C. § 1391
(b)(2) and the 

terms of the Confession.                                                  
    6.   The Confession was signed and verified by the Defendants and shows that 
the confessed amount is justly due and owing to Farnam Street. (Confession ¶ 9.) The 
Defendants were represented by legal counsel in connection with the negotiation and 
execution of the Settlement Agreement and Confession of Judgment and entered into the 

Confession knowingly, voluntarily and intelligently. (Ashfield Decl. ¶ 6.) 
    7.   Farnam Street is entitled to entry of judgment against the Defendants based 
upon the Confession in the amount of $2,000,000.00.                       
                     ORDER FOR JUDGMENT                                  
    Based upon the foregoing,                                            
    IT IS HEREBY ORDERED:                                                
    1.   That Farnam Street Financial Inc.’s Motion for Entry of Judgment Pursuant 

to Confession of Judgment is GRANTED; and                                 
    2.   That the Clerk of Court shall forthwith enter a money judgment in favor of 
Farnam  Street  and  against  the  Defendants,  jointly  and  severally,  in  the  amount  of 
$2,000,000.00.                                                            


    LET JUDGMENT BE ENTERED ACCORDINGLY                                  


Date: October 30, 2024          s/ Katherine Menendez                    
                                Katherine Menendez                       
                                United States District Judge             

Reference

Status
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