Meranelli v. Minnesota Department of Human Services

U.S. District Court, District of Minnesota

Meranelli v. Minnesota Department of Human Services

Trial Court Opinion

                UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT                             
                    DISTRICT OF MINNESOTA                                


Cherrity Honesty-Alexis Meranelli also          Civ. No. 23-848 (JWB/TNL) 
known as Eric M. Sorenson,                                                

         Plaintiff,                                                      

v.                                                                        

Minnesota Department of Human Services,                                   
DHS, Minnesota Sex Offender Program,                                      
MSOP, State Operated Services, SOS, and                                   
Jodi Harpstead, Commissioner, DHS, Nancy                                  
A. Johnston, CEO, MSOP, Terrance K.                                       
Kneisel, “Terry”; Facility Director, MSOP,                                
Ann Linkert, Assistant Facility Director,                                 
MSOP, Mitchel L. Rhodes, MSOP, Corey R.     ORDER ACCEPTING               
Drabelis, MSOP, Alexandra R. Kaufman,  REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION          
MSOP, Matthew D. Barton, MSOP, Ryan J.    OF MAGISTRATE JUDGE             
Fahland, MSOP, Gary M. Ankarlo, MSOP,                                     
Tina L. Olson, MSOP, Amy N. Farmer,                                       
MSOP, Kayla R. Taylor, MSOP, Timothy S.                                   
Carman, MSOP, Tammy L. Shelton, MSOP,                                     
Austin M. Preston, MSOP, Eric J. Woytasek,                                
MSOP, Johnathan C. Mader, MSOP, Jacob L                                   
Adams, MSOP, Brittany L. Monette, MSOP,                                   
Andrea Kosloski, MSOP, Luke L. Wilson,                                    
MSOP, Daniel Werner, MSOP, Anthony M.                                     
Herring, MSOP, Trevor J. Rychlak, MSOP,                                   
Sherry M. Webb, Kathleen M. Newhouse,                                     
MSOP, Laura D. Bainbridge, MSOP, John S.                                  
Barry, MSOP, Kaitlyn L. Marvel, MSOP,                                     
William J. Goman, MSOP, Jena E. Murray,                                   
MSOP, Andrea Youngs, MSOP, Benjamin B                                     
Wallace, MSOP, Jane Does, Unknown                                         
Individuals, and John Does, Unknown                                       
Individuals, in their individual and official                             
capacities,                                                               

         Defendants.                                                     
________________________________________________________________________  
Cherrity Honesty-Alexis Meranelli, pro se Plaintiff.                      
Jacqueline Clayton, Esq., Minnesota Attorney General's Office, counsel for Defendants. 


    United States Magistrate Judge Tony N. Leung issued a Report and     
Recommendation (“R&R”) on January 11, 2024. (Doc. No. 49.) No objections were filed 
to that R&R in the time permitted, and in the absence of timely objections, the R&R is 
reviewed for clear error. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(b); Grinder v. Gammon, 
73 F.3d 793, 795
 
(8th Cir. 1996). Upon review of the R&R, no clear error is found.         
    Plaintiff Cherrity Honesty-Alexis Meranelli did, however, file objections on 
February 9, 2024, outside the 14-day objection period concluding on January 25, 2024. 
(Doc. No. 50.) Although untimely objections need not be considered, and although 

Meranelli’s objections lack merit, they are briefly addressed to provide clarity and 
resolution to the parties.                                                
    Meranelli first objects to dismissal of any claims in the R&R with prejudice, 
asserting that dismissal under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(1) is meant to be 
without prejudice. However, those claims dismissed with prejudice—against the 

Minnesota Sex Offender Program (“MSOP”), State Operated Services (“SOS”), and 
official-capacity Defendants for damages—are dismissed due to the parties’ Eleventh 
Amendment immunity. As the claims are constitutionally barred, it is appropriate to 
foreclose the possibility of re-filing where no modification to the pleadings could alter 
the result. See Riemers v. North Dakota, 
185 F. App’x 551, 552
 (8th Cir. 2006) (citing 

Tex. Cmty. Bank v. Mo. Dep’t of Soc. Serv., 
232 F.3d 942, 943
 (8th Cir. 2000). Dismissal 
with prejudice is appropriate and this objection is overruled.            
    Second, Meranelli objects to the Magistrate Judge considering only some of her 

submitted materials in deciding the motion to dismiss. Motions to dismiss are decided 
only on the Complaint and those materials “necessarily embraced by the pleadings,” 
Hughes v. City of Cedar Rapids, 
840 F.3d 987, 998
 (8th Cir. 2016)—subject to the 
“complete discretion” of the court. Stahl v. United States Dep’t of Agric., 
327 F.3d 697
, 
701 (8th Cir. 2003); see also Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(d). The Magistrate Judge considered 
those materials explicitly referenced by the pleadings and not those which might convert 

the motion to a summary judgment motion. That review was proper, and this objection is 
overruled.                                                                
    Third, Meranelli objects to the R&R’s failure-to-protect analysis. She asserts that 
the eventual assault requires a finding of a substantial risk of serious harm and that the 
standard for deliberate indifference is entirely objective. The fact of the assault, however, 

does not inform the risk faced prior to the assault; failure-to-protect contemplates the 
ability to anticipate and prevent the harm. See Nelson v. Shuffman, 
603 F.3d 439
, 446–47 
(8th Cir. 2010) (considering the circumstances known to staff before a plaintiff was 
assaulted by his roommate, particularly the assailant’s historical conduct). Meranelli’s 
allegations of those circumstances known to staff in advance are insufficient to establish 

a substantial risk of serious harm. Lack of a substantial risk of serious harm is fatal to the 
claim; accordingly, this objection is overruled.                          
    Fourth, Meranelli objects that it is improper to deny a temporary restraining order 
and preliminary injunction on a motion to dismiss. Meranelli cites inapposite law—
punitive damage requests are distinct from pre-trial requests such as TROs and 
preliminary injunctions. The request was made in her Complaint and nothing precludes a 

judge from addressing one motion before another, or addressing both together. 
Regardless, the Magistrate Judge analyzed the appropriate factors and the analysis was 
supported. This objection is overruled.                                   
    Lastly, Meranelli objects that the R&R did not allow her to amend her Complaint. 
Given the presence of incurable jurisdictional issues, dismissal is appropriate because it 
appears amendment would be futile on many claims. Furthermore, allowing an amended 

pleading is entirely discretionary, particularly absent submission of a proposed amended 
pleading by the plaintiff. See Dudek v. Prudential Securities, Inc., 
295 F.3d 875, 880
 (8th 
Cir. 2002). This objection is overruled.                                  

ORDER

    Based on the R&R of the Magistrate Judge, and on all the files, records, and 

proceedings herein, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that:                            
    1.   The January 11, 2024 Report and Recommendation (Doc. No. 49) is 
ACCEPTED;                                                                 
    2.   Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss Plaintiff’s Complaint (Doc. No. 26) is 
GRANTED IN PART as follows:                                               

         a.   Plaintiff Cherrity Honesty-Alexis Meranelli’s claims against 
    Defendants Minnesota Sex Offender Program and State Operated Services are 
    DISMISSED WITH PREJUDICE pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) and the 
    Eleventh Amendment;                                                  
       b.   Plaintiff’s claims for damages against official-capacity Defendants 
  are DISMISSED WITH PREJUDICE pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) and 

  the Eleventh Amendment;                                              
       c.   Plaintiff’s Section 1983 claims against Defendants Minnesota 
  Department of Human Services, Minnesota Sex Offender Program, State Operated 
  Services, and official-capacity Defendants are DISMISSED WITHOUT     
  PREJUDCE pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) for failure to state a claim upon 
  which relief may be granted;                                         

       d.   Plaintiff’s Section 1983 claims against individual-capacity 
  Defendants are DISMISSED WITHOUT PREJUDICE pursuant to Rule          
  12(b)(6);                                                            
       e.   Plaintiff’s requests for a temporary restraining order and preliminary 
  injunction are DENIED;                                               

       f.   Plaintiff’s remaining claims are DISMISSED WITHOUT         
  PREJUDICE.                                                           
  LET JUDGMENT BE ENTERED ACCORDINGLY.                                 

Date: February 15, 2024           s/ Jerry W. Blackwell                 
                                JERRY W. BLACKWELL                     
                                United States District Judge           

Trial Court Opinion

                UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT                             
                    DISTRICT OF MINNESOTA                                


Cherrity Honesty-Alexis Meranelli also          Civ. No. 23-848 (JWB/TNL) 
known as Eric M. Sorenson,                                                

         Plaintiff,                                                      

v.                                                                        

Minnesota Department of Human Services,                                   
DHS, Minnesota Sex Offender Program,                                      
MSOP, State Operated Services, SOS, and                                   
Jodi Harpstead, Commissioner, DHS, Nancy                                  
A. Johnston, CEO, MSOP, Terrance K.                                       
Kneisel, “Terry”; Facility Director, MSOP,                                
Ann Linkert, Assistant Facility Director,                                 
MSOP, Mitchel L. Rhodes, MSOP, Corey R.     ORDER ACCEPTING               
Drabelis, MSOP, Alexandra R. Kaufman,  REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION          
MSOP, Matthew D. Barton, MSOP, Ryan J.    OF MAGISTRATE JUDGE             
Fahland, MSOP, Gary M. Ankarlo, MSOP,                                     
Tina L. Olson, MSOP, Amy N. Farmer,                                       
MSOP, Kayla R. Taylor, MSOP, Timothy S.                                   
Carman, MSOP, Tammy L. Shelton, MSOP,                                     
Austin M. Preston, MSOP, Eric J. Woytasek,                                
MSOP, Johnathan C. Mader, MSOP, Jacob L                                   
Adams, MSOP, Brittany L. Monette, MSOP,                                   
Andrea Kosloski, MSOP, Luke L. Wilson,                                    
MSOP, Daniel Werner, MSOP, Anthony M.                                     
Herring, MSOP, Trevor J. Rychlak, MSOP,                                   
Sherry M. Webb, Kathleen M. Newhouse,                                     
MSOP, Laura D. Bainbridge, MSOP, John S.                                  
Barry, MSOP, Kaitlyn L. Marvel, MSOP,                                     
William J. Goman, MSOP, Jena E. Murray,                                   
MSOP, Andrea Youngs, MSOP, Benjamin B                                     
Wallace, MSOP, Jane Does, Unknown                                         
Individuals, and John Does, Unknown                                       
Individuals, in their individual and official                             
capacities,                                                               

         Defendants.                                                     
________________________________________________________________________  
Cherrity Honesty-Alexis Meranelli, pro se Plaintiff.                      
Jacqueline Clayton, Esq., Minnesota Attorney General's Office, counsel for Defendants. 


    United States Magistrate Judge Tony N. Leung issued a Report and     
Recommendation (“R&R”) on January 11, 2024. (Doc. No. 49.) No objections were filed 
to that R&R in the time permitted, and in the absence of timely objections, the R&R is 
reviewed for clear error. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(b); Grinder v. Gammon, 
73 F.3d 793, 795
 
(8th Cir. 1996). Upon review of the R&R, no clear error is found.         
    Plaintiff Cherrity Honesty-Alexis Meranelli did, however, file objections on 
February 9, 2024, outside the 14-day objection period concluding on January 25, 2024. 
(Doc. No. 50.) Although untimely objections need not be considered, and although 

Meranelli’s objections lack merit, they are briefly addressed to provide clarity and 
resolution to the parties.                                                
    Meranelli first objects to dismissal of any claims in the R&R with prejudice, 
asserting that dismissal under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(1) is meant to be 
without prejudice. However, those claims dismissed with prejudice—against the 

Minnesota Sex Offender Program (“MSOP”), State Operated Services (“SOS”), and 
official-capacity Defendants for damages—are dismissed due to the parties’ Eleventh 
Amendment immunity. As the claims are constitutionally barred, it is appropriate to 
foreclose the possibility of re-filing where no modification to the pleadings could alter 
the result. See Riemers v. North Dakota, 
185 F. App’x 551, 552
 (8th Cir. 2006) (citing 

Tex. Cmty. Bank v. Mo. Dep’t of Soc. Serv., 
232 F.3d 942, 943
 (8th Cir. 2000). Dismissal 
with prejudice is appropriate and this objection is overruled.            
    Second, Meranelli objects to the Magistrate Judge considering only some of her 

submitted materials in deciding the motion to dismiss. Motions to dismiss are decided 
only on the Complaint and those materials “necessarily embraced by the pleadings,” 
Hughes v. City of Cedar Rapids, 
840 F.3d 987, 998
 (8th Cir. 2016)—subject to the 
“complete discretion” of the court. Stahl v. United States Dep’t of Agric., 
327 F.3d 697
, 
701 (8th Cir. 2003); see also Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(d). The Magistrate Judge considered 
those materials explicitly referenced by the pleadings and not those which might convert 

the motion to a summary judgment motion. That review was proper, and this objection is 
overruled.                                                                
    Third, Meranelli objects to the R&R’s failure-to-protect analysis. She asserts that 
the eventual assault requires a finding of a substantial risk of serious harm and that the 
standard for deliberate indifference is entirely objective. The fact of the assault, however, 

does not inform the risk faced prior to the assault; failure-to-protect contemplates the 
ability to anticipate and prevent the harm. See Nelson v. Shuffman, 
603 F.3d 439
, 446–47 
(8th Cir. 2010) (considering the circumstances known to staff before a plaintiff was 
assaulted by his roommate, particularly the assailant’s historical conduct). Meranelli’s 
allegations of those circumstances known to staff in advance are insufficient to establish 

a substantial risk of serious harm. Lack of a substantial risk of serious harm is fatal to the 
claim; accordingly, this objection is overruled.                          
    Fourth, Meranelli objects that it is improper to deny a temporary restraining order 
and preliminary injunction on a motion to dismiss. Meranelli cites inapposite law—
punitive damage requests are distinct from pre-trial requests such as TROs and 
preliminary injunctions. The request was made in her Complaint and nothing precludes a 

judge from addressing one motion before another, or addressing both together. 
Regardless, the Magistrate Judge analyzed the appropriate factors and the analysis was 
supported. This objection is overruled.                                   
    Lastly, Meranelli objects that the R&R did not allow her to amend her Complaint. 
Given the presence of incurable jurisdictional issues, dismissal is appropriate because it 
appears amendment would be futile on many claims. Furthermore, allowing an amended 

pleading is entirely discretionary, particularly absent submission of a proposed amended 
pleading by the plaintiff. See Dudek v. Prudential Securities, Inc., 
295 F.3d 875, 880
 (8th 
Cir. 2002). This objection is overruled.                                  

ORDER

    Based on the R&R of the Magistrate Judge, and on all the files, records, and 

proceedings herein, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that:                            
    1.   The January 11, 2024 Report and Recommendation (Doc. No. 49) is 
ACCEPTED;                                                                 
    2.   Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss Plaintiff’s Complaint (Doc. No. 26) is 
GRANTED IN PART as follows:                                               

         a.   Plaintiff Cherrity Honesty-Alexis Meranelli’s claims against 
    Defendants Minnesota Sex Offender Program and State Operated Services are 
    DISMISSED WITH PREJUDICE pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) and the 
    Eleventh Amendment;                                                  
       b.   Plaintiff’s claims for damages against official-capacity Defendants 
  are DISMISSED WITH PREJUDICE pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) and 

  the Eleventh Amendment;                                              
       c.   Plaintiff’s Section 1983 claims against Defendants Minnesota 
  Department of Human Services, Minnesota Sex Offender Program, State Operated 
  Services, and official-capacity Defendants are DISMISSED WITHOUT     
  PREJUDCE pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) for failure to state a claim upon 
  which relief may be granted;                                         

       d.   Plaintiff’s Section 1983 claims against individual-capacity 
  Defendants are DISMISSED WITHOUT PREJUDICE pursuant to Rule          
  12(b)(6);                                                            
       e.   Plaintiff’s requests for a temporary restraining order and preliminary 
  injunction are DENIED;                                               

       f.   Plaintiff’s remaining claims are DISMISSED WITHOUT         
  PREJUDICE.                                                           
  LET JUDGMENT BE ENTERED ACCORDINGLY.                                 

Date: February 15, 2024           s/ Jerry W. Blackwell                 
                                JERRY W. BLACKWELL                     
                                United States District Judge           

Reference

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