Voitsberg v. White River Construction Co.
Voitsberg v. White River Construction Co.
Opinion of the Court
The plaintiff recovered a judgment for seven thousand dollars on account of personal injuries suffered, charged to the negligence of the defendant’s foreman in control of certain work in ordering a heavy steel tower to be thrown down from a railroad car without giving the plaintiff warning, though such foreman knew, or by the exercise of ordinary cafe could have known, that plaintiff was in a place of danger, where he*had been sent, it is alleged, by the foreman, to unloose one end of a tower.
Certain facts are not controverted. ' Defendant owned and was having unloaded the steel towers from a flat car. The plaintiff was in the employ of the defendant, and was for several hours previous to his injury loosening some of the bolts, wires and angle bars which were around and through the load of towers to hold them fast on the car while en route from Syracuse, New York, to Springfield, Missouri, the place where the injury occurred. There were present when the unloading commenced, Strom, the defendant’s superintendent of construction work, Bennett, the defendant’s foreman, and some seven or eight other employees assisting in unloading the car. Plaintiff was also at the scene. ' (As to whether he had any duties to perform in actually letting down the towers to the ground is in
The facts in controversy between the parties are concerning the weight and number of the towers, and the height to which they were piled, on the car, and as to whether the plaintiff was sent in by the defendant’s foreman to loosen one end of the first tower to be unloaded at a time when it was being unloaded.
Plaintiff accounts for the injury in this way: He testified that he had been- working all morning at the car loosening the bolts, rods, wires and angle bars so that it could be unloaded; that he estimated the towers to weigh about three thousand pounds each; that he saw that this car’s capacity was about thirty-two thousand pounds, and in this way estimated that there were abo'_i eleven towers on the car; that the two towers on top aid not quite come up to the top of the four foot standards which were in the brackets on the sides of the ear; that the two towers on top were about eight or eight and one-half feet from the ground, and that the skids were put against the row of towers next beneath the two on top; that this would make the upper énd of the skids seven to seven feet nine inches from the ground; that-the first'tower was rolled over by the workmen against the top of the standard, where the small (or west) end of the tower hung or become fastened in some way; that he was standing on the ground near Strom, the superintendent, and was told by him-to take a three-foot timber and pry the west end loose so that when the east end was thrown over by the workmen the tower would slide down the skid; that while he was there getting the west end up and on top of the standard, and just as he did so and was taking out the timber, the foreman gave the order to the men on the east end to throw it down, which they did ; that the tower then came down the skids “like lightning,” and struck him on the breast and hurled him
The defendant’s witnesses, some four or five, account for the injury in about this way: That the towers, forty in number, were piled on the flat car to a height of about thirteen feet from the ground; that the skids were placed as plaintiff described, but these witnesses estimated the length of the skids at seventeen or eighteen feet, and stated that they set out about twelve feet from the car, leaning at an angle of about forty-five degrees; that the east end (the heavy end) of the tower being unloaded, had been let down on the skid and had slipped down some four or five feet; that the west end, where plaintiff was hurt, hung on the top of the standard or on the tower on which it lay, and that it was kicked, or shoved loose by one of the workmen named Smith, and that it then went down the skid; that when the tower was kicked loose, the plaintiff was standing four or five feet back of and away from Strom who was near the foot of the skid, and that for some unknown reason the plaintiff “ran,” “rushed,” “walked” right into or upon the skid and into the sliding tower — one witness saying that he • ran up the skid and in that way received Ms injury. It is also sworn to by some of defendant’s witnesses that while plaintiff was in the hospital he said to them in talking about how he was hurt that he “must have been crazy.”
Appellant contends that the plaintiff’s account of the injury is against the physical facts as detailed by Mm and as shown by Ms injury, and against the testi
It can readily be seen from the foregoing statement that the two main points on which there is a difference is as to whether the plaintiff was ordered in to loosen the west end of the tower and as to what was the height of the car of towers, on both of which there is a square conflict in the evidence. Hence, the verdict of the jury will not be disturbed unless against the physical facts — no passion or prejudice or misconduct on the part of the jury being shown.
Appellant contends that, admitting the car to have been loaded to a height of only eight feet and that plaintiff was where he says he was, he was in a safe place and could not have been hurt. To this we cannot agree. If the top of the tower was eight feet from the ground, the top of the skid on which it was supposed to drop being placed against the tower next to the top could not have been higher than seven feet three inches, because the top one was nine inches thick. If placed against the middle or bottom of the second row from the top, the upper end of the skid would then have been somewhere near seven feet from the ground. If plaintiff went there with a timber three feet long and was prying up the west end of the tower over the standard, he would necessarily be out a few feet from the car, for in order to havé had any leverage at all he must necessarily have stood two or three feet away from the side of the car. Appellant lays great stress upon plaintiff’s statement that he was standing “close in,” “beside the standard.” These terms, as will be seen, were purely relative, and speaking from a place that would be back froga the skids in safety he could readily say that he was “close in,” “beside the standard,” and not be held to have placed himself right up against the car — touching it. All the
The jury evidently did not believe that the plaintiff was “crazy” and voluntarily ran into the descending tower, as defendant’s witnesses testified he admitted while in'the hospital. The jury had to decide whether, according to plaintiff’s theory, he was sent in to loosen the tower and while there the order was given to throw it over, or whether, according to defendant’s theory, he was crazy or acted the part of a crazy man in leaving a perfectly safe place and running into the falling tower with which'he, as defendant claims, had no duty whatever to perform.
In coming to their conclusion the jury probably realized that men do not voluntarily rush into obvi
Appellant also contends that the place plaintiff says he was sent to was temporarily dangerous; that, according to his story, as soon as he would loosen the west end it -necessarily would come down of its own weight. But here again the defendant falls into error by assuming .that its testimony was true that the east end had already been thrown over the east standard and was resting or hanging on this skid some three or four feet, down it. If the plaintiff’s version as to where the east end of the tower was is true— and the jury believed it — then it required, before it could come down after being loosened, that the men’ on the east end throw that end over on the skid.
The court gave all the instructions asked by the defendant, ■ except two, and they were adequately covered by other instructions giyen by the court, and no error is now claimed in the action of the court as to the two refused.
The instructions submitted two theories, one as detailed by the plaintiff, that he was at the place where he was hurt by reason of an order of the defendant’s foreman, and that the foreman negligently ordered the tower thrown over on him; the other theory was that presented by the defendant, that plaintiff for some unknown reason voluntarily rushed into this trap and was injured. Proper instructions submitted both theories and the plaintiff’s version prevailed.
Appellant does- complain of instruction numbered one given on behalf of the plaintiff, because, appellant says, it assumes that plaintiff was not in the clear or not out of the pathway of the tower sliding down the incline where he was at work v^en the order was given to let the tower go, and assumed that the place where plaintiff says he stood was dangerous, citing Lukamiski v. Foundries, 162 Mo. App. 631, 142 S. W. 1093; and Glaser v. Rothschild, 221 Mo. 180, 120 S. W. 1. That part of the instruction singled out by appellant as containing the error is as follows:
“ ... And if the jury believe and find that it was plaintiff’s duty to pry up the end of one of the said steel towers and rest the same upon a heavy wooden stake on the side of the car so that other employees at the other end of the said steel' tower could lift the said tower over the heavy wooden stake at that end of the car and cause the same to slide down the said incline from the car to the ground and that plain ■ tiff in compliance with his said duty had pried one end of the said steel tower on top of the said stake and before plaintiff had gotten in the clear and out of the pathway of said steel tower down said incline, the defendant’s foreman carelessly and negligently ordered the defendant’s employees working at the*129 other end of the said tower to start the said tower-down the said wooden beams or incline without giving plaintiff warning when the ..defendant knew or by the exercise of ordinary care could have known that the plaintiff was not in the clear and by reason thereof said tower caught and injured him while plaintiff was in the exercise of such care as a reasonably prudent man would have exercised in the same or like circumstances, then they will find the issues for the plaintiff. ...”
In reading this instruction it must be borne in mind that there were two well-defined theories developed'as to how this injury occurred, one developed by the plaintiff and the other by the defendant. There was no attempt at the trial to show that the place where plaintiff says he stood by the skids, placed at about seven or seven and one-half feet above the ground, was a safe place, because the tower would pass over his head in its descent; in other words, defendant at no time contended that plaintiff moved from a safe place next to the car into a dangerous place, defendant’s theory and all its evidence going to show that he was away out beyond the ends of the skids and rushed forward' toward the car and met the descending tower. The plaintiff’s evidence is not subject to the construction placed on it by the defendant that he was in a safe place and not in a dangerous place, with the skids seven to seven and one-half feet high, because of the fact that he swore that he was “close in,” “beside, the standard.” It must be remembered that he at the same time testified that he was prying the tower with a timber some three or four feet long which he was using as .a lever, and this work would necessarily place him, not right up against the car, yet “close, in” to the car. There being no evidence whatever that if there, he was in anything but a dangerous,place, the court committed no error in
The judgment is affirmed.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.