L v. N
L v. N
Opinion of the Court
As we enter upon the unwelcome and unpleasant duty of writing the closing chapter in another sordid story of marital discord and dissolution, we draw a charitable cloak of anonymity about the actors that two innocent little girls, whose custody is in issue, may not be scourged in years to come by a recorded recital of the sin and shame of their mother. On this appeal by the wife and mother from a decree dismissing her petition and awarding to the husband and father a divorce on his cross-bill and the custody of the two girls, the older born on November 20, 1950, and the younger born on September 23, 1954, the wife’s complaints are that the trial court erred in dismissing her petition, in awarding custody of the two girls to the husband, and in taxing costs against her.
The parties took their marriage vows, “till death do us part,” on March 12, 1948. The husband was then twenty-one years of age, the wife younger although her exact age is not disclosed to us. About one year and nine months later, i. e., on December 19, 1949, they separated. The primary, if not sole, cause of that separation (as well as subsequent trouble after the parties resumed habitation under the same roof on June 19, 1950) was an “affair” between the wife and her second cousin. It is apparent from letter exhibits that the wife and her cousin had been “going with each other” before the wife married. At some time not fixed in evidence, the cousin entered military service and, by the Fall of 1949, was airmailing to the wife sultry, romantic letters from his post of duty in Japan. Both of the samples in evidence (admittedly received by the wife)' saluted her as “Dearest Darling,” both began “Received your letter today,” both pledged his intense, inexpressible and inextinguishable love for the wife, and both expressed a burning desire for her and a sustaining hope that they might be married. That his illicit blandishments and licentious endearments did not fall on deaf or unreceptive ears is indicated by his letter of September 17, 1949, in which he promised to “write to you (the wife) every day I can” because “you asked me to write to you every day.” And, in the same letter, the cousin adjured her to “just be ready by Xmas,” promised that “we will make up for all the time that we should have been together & wasn’t,” and told the wife that “when I do get to come home I want you to be free, & if you love me as much as you say you do you will do that for me.”
When the husband and the wife were reconciled on June 19, 1950, she was carrying the child subsequently born on November 20, 1950. The husband originally pleaded in this case, and at the first hearing testified, that this child could not have been his, because (as he said) he had not seen the wife from December 19, 1949, when they separated, until about two weeks before they “went back together” on June 19, 1950. The wife steadfastly maintained that the husband was the father of this child, her explanation being that “we were seeing each other all during the time we were separated” and that they had intercourse “just about every time” she saw him. The transcript does not reveal when the amorous cousin returned on furlough or how long he stayed. But, whatever the truth may be with respect to paternity of the older girl, the husband (by leave of court) amended his pleadings by deleting all denials of paternity and by admitting that both girls were born of the marriage; and, at a second hearing in this case, the father vigorously contended for the custody of both children.
The activities of the cousin during a period of several years after reconciliation of the husband and the wife in June 1950 are concealed by a blind spot in the evidence, but the “affair” between the cousin and the wife again comes into focus some six to eight months before the final separation on February 14, 1958, when the husband “caught them” in an alley. On that occasion, the husband found his automobile parked in the alley, waited until the cousin and the wife (one with an arm around the other and with the younger girl, then less than three years of age, asleep in the seat next to the right door) drove up in another automobile, and then “went over and grabbed him (the cousin) by the shirt collar and *told him I’d had enough trouble with him and I wanted him to get out and leave me alone.” That this had no salutary effect upon the participants in the “affair” is indicated by a letter dated September 9, 1957, from the wife to her sister in St. Louis. In that letter, the wife wrote that “you might see (the cousin) up there — he is going up there to try and get a job — I sure hope he gets one”; and, after informing her sister that the cousin’s wife (whom he apparently had married after 1950) had obtained a divorce and that the cousin “has to pay her $15 a week,” the wife commented that the cousin “needs to get a good job to pay that” and confided that “if (the cousin) gets a good job he wants me to come up there so I will if he does get a good job where I can get by.”
The final separation came on the evening of February 14, 1958, when the husband found the wife and the cousin sitting together on a couch in the home of one of the wife’s relatives. “I (the husband) asked them outside and they wouldn’t come, so I just told her to come and get her clothes.” The next day, she did so. The following month, she instituted this suit seeking a divorce, custody of both children, alimony, child support and attorneys’ fees. Upon
Our courts long ago recognized the impossibility of formulating any all-encompassing rule as to what will justify a decree of divorce for alleged indignities and established the necessity of determining each case on its own particular facts and circumstances;
However, even though the wife be denied a divorce, she says that she should have custody of both children, and her counsel ply us with some of the commonplace truisms reiterated in most custody cases. Of course, the success of one parent in obtaining a divorce is not the controlling factor in determining whether that parent should be given custody of minor children;
Our courts have said frequently that the morals of the respective parents are an appropriate and proper subject of consideration in a custody case.
280. “Morality is a generic term containing the sum total of all * * * moral traits, including honesty, fidelity, peacefulness, etc.,” sometimes “referred to as synonymous with character” [State v. Moor-man, 133 Mont. 148, 321 P.2d 236, 240]; and, we think that the very nature of the overriding principle in cases of this character, i. e., that the welfare of the children is paramount and supreme, dictates and demands that an inqrtiry into parental “morals” encompass not only sexual conduct but also “common decency, cleanliness of mind and body, honesty, truthfulness, and proper respect for established ideals and institutions, among other things.” State v. Clein, Fla., 93 So.2d 876, 881.
From time immemorial, truthfulness has been recognized as a cornerstone of morality. One of the Ten Commandments given to Moses on Mount Sinai was the pointed prohibition, “Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neigh-bour.” Exodus 20:16. In his inspired wisdom, King Solomon declared that “lying lips are abomination to the Lord” [Proverbs 12:22] and twice warned that “a false witness shall not be unpunished, and he that speaketh lies shall not escape.” Proverbs 19:5, 9. The word of the Lord through the prophet Zechariah was that “These are the things that ye shall do;
We need not go outside the wife’s own testimony in the instant case to ascertain her insolent disdain for the truth. We again note, but pass without further discussion, her testimony concerning the false averments in her verified petition in the second divorce suit brought on her behalf by the cousin’s mother, as next friend. Then, we observe that, when asked (while on the stand the first time) why she had written the cousin, she promptly answered, “because he was my cousin was the main reason,” but that (when recalled) she bluntly denied that she had ever written the cousin while he was in service, then sandwiched in an equivocal statement that she never wrote “any love letters to him” before returning to a weakened denial that she had written — “not that I remember.” As the trial judge took over the questioning, the wife finally said, “I’ve wrote to him (the cousin), but I didn’t think I wrote to him while he was overseas, I guess I did.” When interrogated about the letter of September 9, 1957, to her sister in St. Louis, in which the wife had written (while still married to and living with the husband) that “if (the cousin) gets a good job he wants me to come up there so I will if he does get a good job where I can get by,” she definitely denied that she and the cousin had been or were in love, blandly “explaining” that the cousin had told her “that he would find a job and help me get by if I couldn’t get by up there.” However, with the candor we have come to expect of them, the wife’s counsel frankly informed us in the course of oral argument that the wife and the cousin had married while this appeal was pending. See particularly Watkins v. Watkins, Mo.App., 230 S.W.2d 778, 783-784.
We recognize that prior misconduct does not necessarily require that a mother be denied custody of her children [Johns v. McNabb, Mo., 247 S.W.2d 640, 643; I- v. B-, Mo.App., 305 S.W. 2d 713, 718]; but, the transcript before us not only indicates the mother’s gross, habitual and contemptuous disrespect for the moral law but also reflects no evidence of her repentance and rehabilitation.
It being our duty, upon this review de novo, to determine the right and justice of the matters in controversy [Hurley v. Hurley, Mo.App., 284 S.W.2d 72, 75 (8) ; Dagley v. Dagley, Mo.App., 270 S. W.2d 553, 556(2)], we have considered the evidence most carefully and have put into the scales many factors bearing upon proper determination of the case. Thus weighing and appraising all of the circumstances, we cannot say that the welfare of the two children, whose custody is the primary bone of contention, would be best served by some disposition other than that decreed by the court nisi. On the contrary, we think that the evidence strongly supports that decree. In such situation, we should and do defer to and adopt the findings of the trial judge, which, although not binding upon us, nevertheless are not lightly to be disturbed. Ragan v. Ragan, Mo.App., 315 S.W.2d 142, 147(3), and cases there collected; E-v. G-, Mo.App., 317 S.W.2d 462, 467-468. In resolving this issue of custody, we are deeply conscious that no judicial decree could be entered which would not engender sorrow in some interested party [Abel v. Ingram, 223 Mo.App. 1087, 24 S.W.2d 1048, 1049] and that no earthly power could recapture for these two innocent girls the blessings of which they have been deprived by the tragic failure of their parents’ marriage. Sanders v. Sanders, 223 Mo.App. 834, 14 S.W.2d 458, 460. But, slight comfort though it may be to ns “that we are in no way responsible for the causes which have unhappily brought about the situation with which we are confronted,” it may not be amiss to repeat, “(l)et those whose hearts are wrung remember this when, in their pain and tears, they realize the effect of this decree.” In re Krauthoff, 191 Mo.App. 149, 152, 177 S.W. 1112, 1113.
We are not unmindful of the fact, emphasized by the wife’s counsel, that the husband originally denied the paternity of the older girl. However, he has supported that girl as he has the younger one, paternity now stands admitted, and the husband earnestly seeks the custody of both children. In view of the wife’s conduct and character, another tragedy should not be visited upon these children by separating them, but they should be permitted to live as sisters in the same household that they may share their childish joys and sorrows and may have the benefit of those natural ties of interest and affection which sisters have a right to nurture and enjoy.
Finally, the wife complains that “it is an abuse of discretion to tax the
The judgment and decree of the trial court is, in all respects, affirmed.
. Hooper v. Hooper, 19 Mo. 355, 357; Whitwell v. Whitwell, 318 Mo. 476, 481, 300 S.W. 455, 456; Boehme v. Boehme, Mo.App., 72 S.W.2d 115; Garton v. Garton, Mo.App., 246 S.W.2d 832, 838(6).
. Clark v. Clark, Mo.App., 306 S.W.2d 641, 646(3); Watson v. Watson, Mo. App., 291 S.W.2d 198, 200; Ames v. Ames, Mo.App., 284 S.W.2d 888, 893(1, 2); Cadenhead v. Cadenhead, Mo.App., 265 S.W.2d 426, 435(2, 3); Hoffman v. Hoffman, Mo.App., 224 S.W.2d 554, 561 (2-5).
. Campbell v. Campbell, Mo.App., 281 S.W.2d 314, 319 (6); Chapman v. Chapman, Mo.App., 230 S.W.2d 149, 151(3); Rusche v. Rusche, Mo.App., 200 S.W.2d 577, 580(2) ; Haushalter v. Haushalter, Mo.App., 197 S.W.2d 703, 705(1); Mc-Ginicy v. McGinley, Mo.App., 170 S.W. 2d 938, 940 (9); England v. England, 225 Mo.App. 725, 734, 39 S.W.2d 429, 434; Eswortliy v. Esworthy, 223 Mo.App. 171, 180, 11 S.W.2d 1078, 1082(4); Elder v. Elder, Mo.App., 186 S.W. 530, 532(2).
. Simon v. Simon, Mo., 248 S.W.2d 560, 563 (2); Dunlap v. Dunlap, Mo.App., 255 S.W.2d 441, 442(1); Holmes v. Holmes, Mo.App., 251 S.W.2d 390, 392(2); Cody v. Cody, Mo.App., 233 S.W.2d 777, 782 (6) ; Politte v. Politte, Mo.App,, 230 S.W. 2d 142, 148(4) ; Rowland v. Rowland, Mo. App., 227 S.W.2d 478, 484(2, 3); Ridge v. Ridge, Mo.App., 165 S.W.2d 294, 300 (10); Tebbe v. Tebbe, 223 Mo.App. 1106, 21 S.W.2d 915, 918(4).
. Paxton v. Paxton, Mo.App., 319 S.W.2d 280, 288(10); McKenzie v. McKenzie, Mo.App., 308 S.W.2d 588, 591(3); Bedal v. Bedal, Mo.App., 2 S.W.2d 180, 184(7); Zerega v. Zerega, Mo.App., 200 S.W. 700.
. Green v. Perr, Mo.App., 238 S.W.2d 924, 927(1); Perr v. Perr, Mo.App., 205 S.W.2d 909, 911(3); Martin v. Martin, Mo.App., 160 S.W.2d 457, 459(4); Baer
. E- v. G-, Mo.App., 317 S.W.2d 462, 467 (1); Ragan v. Ragan, Mo.App., 315 S.W.2d 142, 147; Edwards v. Edwards, Mo.App., 302 S.W.2d 37, 39(2); 8-v. G-, Mo.App., 298 S.W.2d 67, 78(19) ; Ballew v. Ballew, Mo.App., 288 S.W.2d 24, 26 (4); Long v. Long, Mo. App., 280 S.W.2d 690, 694(5); Cadenhead v. Cadenhead, supra, 265 S.W.2d loc. cit. 436(8) ; Brake v. Brake, Mo.App., 244 S.W.2d 786, 801(8) ; Rex v. Rex, Mo.App., 217 S.W.2d 391, 393(2).
. M- v. M-, Mo.App., 313 S.W.2d 209; I- v. B-, Mo.App., 305 S.W. 2d 713; Light v. Light, Mo.App., 296 S.W.2d 145; Graves v. Wooden, Mo.App., 291 S.W.2d 665; Thomas v. Thomas, Mo. App., 288 S.W.2d 689, certiorari denied 352 U.S. 873, 77 S.Ct. 98, 1 L.Ed.2d 77; Schneider v. Schneider, Mo.App., 248 S.W.2d 59; Watkins v. Watkins, Mo. App., 230 S.W.2d 778; Manville v. Manville, Mo.App., 81 S.W.2d 382, 389(3). See also the Ragan, S-, Ballew, Cadenhead, Brake, Rowland and Rex cases, supra.
. See cases collected in West’s Missouri Digest, Yol. 11, Divorce <⅞=>298(1).
. M- v. M-, supra, 313 SW.2d loc. cit. 212(1); S- v. G-, supra, 298 S.W.2d loc. cit. 75; Graves v. Wooden, supra, 291 S.W.2d loc. cit. 667(2); Hurley v. Hurley, Mo.App., 284 SW.2d 72, 74(4); Dansker v. Dansker, Mo.App., 279 S.W.2d 205, 210(7); Link v. Link, Mo.App., 262 S.W.2d 318, 321(4).
. See Sections 557.010 and 557.020, RSMo 1949, V.A.M.S., prescribing iar more drastic and severe punishment for the crime of perjury than Section 563.-150, RSMo 1949, V.A.M.S., does for “open and notorious adultery.”
. Sections 452.070 and 452.110, RSMo 1949, Y.A.M.S.; McCoy v. Briegel, Mo. App., 305 S.W.2d 29, 35(7); Garvey v. Garvey, Mo.App., 233 S.W.2d 48, 50(1); Morgens v. Morgens, Mo.App., 164 S.W. 2d 626, 632(2); Salkey v. Salkey, Mo. App., 80 S.W.2d 735, 739(2).
. Shepard v. Shepard, Mo.App., 194 S.W. 2d 319, 328; S- v. G-, supra, 298 S.W.2d loc. cit .77(14) ; E- v. G-, supra, 317 S.W.2d loc. cit. 467.
. Graves v. Wooden, supra, 291 S.W.2d loc. cit. 669; Ackormann v. Ackermann,
. Fisher v. Fisher, Mo.App., 207 S.W. 261, 262; Tuter v. Tuter, Mo.App., 120 SW.2d 203, 205-206(4) ; Poor v. Poor, 237 Mo.App. 744, 167 S.W.2d 471, 477-478. Consult also Nations v. Nations, Mo.App., 229 S.W. 269, 270, and Parks v. Cook, Mo.App., 180 S.W.2d 64, 68.
. Crooks v. Crooks, Mo.App., 197 S.W.2d 678, 685; Grove v. Grove, 79 Mo.App. 142, 149 ; 27 C.J.S. Divorce § 197, p. 874. See also Waters v. Waters, 49 Mo. 385, 388.
Reference
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