Illinois Central Railroad v. Tronstine

Mississippi Supreme Court
Illinois Central Railroad v. Tronstine, 64 Miss. 834 (Miss. 1887)
Arnold

Illinois Central Railroad v. Tronstine

Opinion of the Court

ARNOLD, J.,

delivered the opinion of the court.

Too much importance has been attached to the countin the declaration charging appellant as warehouseman.

The second instruction for appellees, to the effect, that if the goods were delivered to the agent of appellant to be carried over its road to Hazlehurst, whenever Bowen should order them to be shipped, and they were burned before shipment, then it was incumbent on appellant to show that they were burned, without any fault on its part or that of its agents, should not have been given. Under the facts assumed by this instruction, a higher degree of proof and care, was imposed on appellant than is required by law. Whether under these facts appellant would have been a gratuitous bailee, or a bailee for hire, it was not liable for any, even the slightest fault or want of care. If a gratuitous bailee, it was liable only for gross negligence — and if a bailee for hire, only for reasonable and ordinary care.

On the facts of record, our view of the law, is, that appellant is liable, if liable at all, as carrier and not otherwise, and that upon the testimony of Bowen, after the loss was proved, the burden of proof was upon appellant to show non-liability as carrier. According to the testimony of Bowen, he delivered the baggage to the agent of appellant, to be shipped on its road to him (Bowen) at a specified place, on the evening of the next day after the delivery, unless he gave directions to the contrary. No directions not to ship were given, and after the time elapsed when they were to have been given, and after the baggage should have been shipped, it was burned in the baggage-room of appellant. It was the duty of appellant to ship on not receiving directions to the contrary. From that time it held the baggage for immediate shipment, and its lia*845bility as carrier attached. 2 Redfield on Railw. 46-49 ; Hutchinson on Carriers, § 63; Barron v. Eldridge, 100 Mass. 455.

On the other hand, if it be true, as Walmsley testified, that it was a regulation of the railroad company, that baggage should be received only for immediate carriage, and if the baggage regulations of the company were known to Bowen, as he admitted they were, and if Walmsley took charge of the trunks as a matter of accommodation to Bowen and without any direction as to their being shipped, appellant cannot be held responsible for the loss, either as carrier or otherwise.

The objection to the testimony of Bowen, in regard to what Walmsley told him as to how the loss occurred, was not well taken. Walmsley was the proper person of whom to make inquiry respecting the lost baggage, and what he said was part of the evidence of the loss and admissible as res gestae. Thompson on Carriers of Passengers 539; Curtis v. The Avon R. R. Co., 49 Barb. 148; Morse v. Conn. River R. R. Co., 6 Gray 450.

The judgment is reversed and muse remanded.

Reference

Full Case Name
Illinois Central Railroad Company v. A. & J. Tronstine & Co.
Cited By
5 cases
Status
Published
Syllabus
1. Railroad Company. Action against as bailee. Loss of goods. Negligence. Instruction. In an action to recover damages for the loss of certain goods alleged to have been destroyed by fire while in the custody of the defendant, a railroad company, it is error for the court to instruct the jury that if the goods were delivered to the agent of the defendant at Jackson, to be carried over its road to Ilazlehurst whenever the plaintiff should order them to be shipped and they were burned before shipment, then it is incumbent on the defendant to show that they were burned without any fault on its part or that of its agents. If the defendant, upon the facts assumed in the instruction, was a gratuitous bailee, it was only liable for gross negligence, and if a bailee for hire, only for the neglect of reasonable and ordinary care. 2. Same. Loss of goods received as bailee. When liability as common carrier attaches. If, in the case above referred to, the goods were delivered by the plaintiff to the baggage agent of the defendant at Jackson, to be shipped over its road to Ilazlehurst on the evening of the next day, unless the plaintiff should give directions to the contrary, and no directions were given within the period indicated, then the defendant thereafter held the goods under the duty of immediate shipment, and if they were burnt while so held the defendant is liable for the loss, if liable at all, as a common carrier. 3. Same. Goods received by agent for accommodation. Liability of company for loss. But if such goods were delivered as baggage, and there was a regulation of the railroad company, known to the plaintiff', that baggage should be received only for immediate carriage, and the baggage agent took charge of such goods as a matter of accommodation to the plaintiff, without any direction as to their being shipped, then the defendant company is not liable for the loss .thereof as carrier or otherwise. 4. Same. Action against for loss of goods. Evidence of. Statement of agent as res gestee. The goods, in the case above stated, having been delivered to the baggage agent on Friday and destroyed by fire on Sunday night next following, the plaintiff on Monday next went to the defendant’s baggage-room where the goods were when burnt and had a conversation with the baggage agent, who related to him the circumstances of the burning so far as he knew, he having been in the room asleep when the fire was discovered. The testimony of the plaintiff, narrating what the baggage agent told him about the burning, is competent evidence of the loss upon which the action is based, it being a part of the res gestee thereof.