Richton Tie & Timber Co. v. McWilliams
Richton Tie & Timber Co. v. McWilliams
Opinion of the Court
The principal question on this appeal is whether under a Mississippi statute a sale of a tract for the whole of the taxes assessed, where part of the taxes thereon have been paid by paying all taxes on a distinct subdivision of the entire tract, renders the sale void.
This action was brought in the Chancery Court of Perry County by Richton Tie and Timber Company, appellant, against O. R. McWilliams and others. It was for the purpose of cancelling a forfeited tax land patent under which appellee McWilliams claimed the lands. The Major Sowers Sawmill Company became vested in 1921 and 1922 with the title to the SW% of the NE¼ and the NW¼ of the SE¼ of Section 19, Township 5 North, Range 11 West, Perry County. These two adjoining 40’s, one north of the other, are traversed by Tallahala Creek which, according to a survey in evidence, makes an inverted ‘‘U” in the SW% NE]4> with the base of the “U” in the northeast corner of that 40.
In 1932, the Major Sowers Sawmill Company conveyed to Ellis Cooper this 80 acres, and later in the same year Cooper conveyed this land to the City of Laurel. Five years later, in 1937, the City of Laurel conveyed the same lands, along with others, to appellant Bichton Tie and Timber Company, reserving in the city the right to discharge into the creek sewage and waste of all kinds from the city’s sewers and factories.
Appellee O. B. McWilliams claimed title to part of the land by virtue of two tax sales to the State, in 1928 and in 1933, and by a 1947 forfeited tax land patent from the State to him, which conveyed the SW¼ of NE%; and all that part of NW% of SE¼ west and north of Tallahala Creek in Section 19. At the time of the 1933 tax sale the City of Laurel was the owner of the property therein, and the chancery court correctly held in its final decree that this tax sale was void because at that time the City of Laurel owned it. Code 1942, Section 9697, (b), which is Code 1930, Section 3108 (e), exempts from taxation all property belonging to municipal corporations. City of Laurel v. Weems, 100 Miss. 335, 56 So. 451 (1911); Tardo v. Sterling, 205 Miss. 439, 38 So. 2d 911, 39 So. 2d 504 (1949). Appellee took no cross appeal from the final decree, and is bound by that decision as to the 1933 tax sale.
The basic issue concerns the validity of the tax sale of April 2, 1928. There was a 1927 assessment to Hillman Runnels of “all that part west of Tallahala Creek of SW¼ NE% and NW¼ SE¼, Section 19.” On April 2, 1928, the land under this description was sold to the State. There was a 1927 assessment to Major Sowers Sawmill Company of N¼, and NW¼ of SE¼ north of
The final decree of the chancery court upheld the validity of the assessment to Hillman Runnels of that part of NW¼ of SE¼ west of Tallahala Creek, and the 1928 sale under that description. It further held, and we think correctly, that the payment of 1927 taxes by Major Sowers Sawmill Company on the NW]4 of SE¼ north of creek was not effective to void the assessment to Runnels and the 1928 tax sale thereon; that the description “NW¼ of SE% north of creek,” under which Major Sowers Sawmill Company was assessed and paid taxes, was an ambiguous and unidentifiable description, and that, therefore, the 1928 tax sale under the proper description “All of that part west of Tallahala Creek . . . NW¼ of SE¼” was good and conveyed the same to the State, which in turn patented it to appellee McWilliams in 1947. Hence it confirmed in appellant title to the SW% of NE%> and all that part of NW¼ of SE¼ east of the creek, but not west of it. Appellant argues that the court erred in holding valid the 1928 tax sale to the lands in NW14 of SE% west of the creek, and in refusing to confirm in appellant that tract.
Appellant’s argument is to this effect: The assessment to Runnels and the tax sale were an entirety. They covered all that part west of the creek in both the SW¼ of NE¼ and NW¼ of SE¼ The court invalidated the 1928 sale as to the SW¼ of NE¼ west of the creek, because Major Sowers Sawmill Company had paid taxes on it. It held that the tax sale was void as to that tract. If void as to that, it was invalid in toto, including the other tract in the same assessment and sale, the NW¼ of SE¼ west of the creek. Appellant says that a sale of land for taxes which is partially illegal is void in toto. Appellant relies on five Mississippi cases dealing with partially illegal levies.
Dogan v. Griffin, 51 Miss. 782, (1875), involved an 1862 sale for taxes for 1861, such taxes being largely
These cases deal with situations where part of the levy of the tax itself is illegal and part is legal, and they were not readily separable. But in the present case part of the assessment and sale, as to that part of the south 40 west of the creek, can easily be separated from the part upon which the sale was not effected, that part of the north 40 west of the creek. In other words, the legal and illegal portions of the 1928 sale can be separated clearly and certainly. A more conclusive distinction from these cases of partially invalid tax levies, however, is the fact of a curative statute designed to apply specifically to partially void tax sales.
In the absence of a statutory provision to the contrary it has been held that, “A sale of the tract for the whole of the'taxes assessed, when part of the taxes thereon had been paid, renders the sale void. A tax sale made for an excessive amount is void.” Dickinson v. Arkansas City Improvement Co., 77 Ark. 570, 92 S. W. 21; 113
This act is applicable to the instant 1928 tax sale: if any part of the taxes was illegal or not chargeable on the land, but part was chargeable, that shall not invalidate the sale. The “unless” clause provides only that the sale shall not be valid if before sale the taxpayer, either Hillman Runnels or appellant’s predecessor in title Major Sowers Sawmill Company, had paid or tendered the taxes to the tax collector, on the entire lands as assessed and properly described. This was not done.
In Lewis v. Vicksburg and Meridian Railroad Company, 67 Miss. 82 (1889), 17 acres for the year 1880 were
In Tatum v. Smith, 158 Miss. 511, 130 So. 683, (1930), the State Tax Commission directed the Board of Supervisors of Bolivar County to raise the assessment of certain classes of property. The order increasing the assessment was void, because the minutes of the board failed to disclose publication of notice. Defendant claimed
North v. Culpepper, 97 Miss. 730, 53 So. 419 (1910), and Jones v. Moore, 118 Miss. 68, 79 So. 3, (1918), involved situations where taxes were paid on part of the assessment, and the sheriff sold only the assessed land upon which taxes were not paid. The tax sales as to the latter tracts were upheld, the court relying upon the curative statute. Compare Borroughs v. McArthur, 147 Wash. 550, 266 P. 194 (1928).
Hence we think that Sec. 4332, Code of 1906, by its express terms and by the interpretations of it in the Lewis, Tatum, North and Jones cases is applicable here. The 1928 tax sale of the lands in the south 40 acres west of Tallahala Creek was valid, where taxes were paid on the same assessment only as to the lands in the north 40 acres west of the creek, and the chancellor was correct in so holding.
The bill of complaint prayed also for a judgment against appellees, McWilliams and Herschenan, for the timber cut off of the lands confirmed in appellant. The testimony for appellant and appellees was conflicting as to the amount and value. The final decree denied appellant any recovery for timber cut. But since it was undisputed that these appellees had cut timber off of the lands, the title to Avhich was confirmed in appellant, the trial court erred in failing to determine the value of that cut and in failing to give appellant a judgment
Affirmed in part, and in part reversed and remanded.
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