ACTION DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION v. Woodall
ACTION DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION v. Woodall
Opinion of the Court
Section V of plaintiff’s complaint alleges the following:
“In accord with the provisions of the said contract of sale, plaintiff tendered to defendants the down payment and requested a conveyance of the property and releases from the operation of the purchase money deed of trust as provided by the contract of sale; that the defendants failed and refused to convey and release any property for the down payment.”
It is apparent that plaintiff asks for specific performance by release of portions of the land before or at the time of the pay
In a subsequent section, the contract provides that from time to time as buyer develops the property, sellers will release from the operation of the deed of trust one acre of land for each $1,500 paid and that that payment will be applied to the obligation secured by the deed of trust.
It is obvious to us that no release of land could be made until the deed of trust became operative. The deed of trust could not have become operative until buyer tendered the $75,000 plus interest and received a conveyance of the land. After that had been accomplished, seller, in accordance with the contract, was obligated to release from the operation of the deed of trust one acre of land for each $1,500 paid by buyer, which payments would be applied to the buyer’s obligation to sellers.
It is inconceivable that plaintiff can expect specific performance of a contract in a different method than the contract itself specifies. This principle is specifically spelled out in McLean v. Keith, 236 N.C. 59, 71, 72 S.E. 2d 44 (1952), where Justice Johnson, speaking for a unanimous Court, said:
“The remedy of specific performance is an equitable remedy of ancient origin. Its sole function is to compel a party to do precisely what he ought to have done without being coerced by the court. 49 Am. Jur., Specific Performance, Sec. 2, p. 6.
Equity can only compel the performance of a contract in the precise terms agreed on. It cannot make a new or different contract for the parties simply because the one made by the parties is ineffectual. 49 Am. Jur., Specific Performance, Sec. 22, pp. 35 and 36. ‘The remedy of specific performance is never applicable where there is no obligation to perform,’ 58 C.J., p. 847, and specific performance does not lie until there has been a breach of contract. 58 C.J., p. 851.”
In Aiken v. Andrews, 233 N.C. 303, 305, 63 S.E. 2d 645 (1951), Stacy, C.J., speaking of necessity of tender in a situation involving a contract of sale said:
“Speaking of its purpose and effect in Bateman v. Hopkins, 157 N.C. 470, 73 S.E. 133, Walker, J., with his usual thoroughness, analyzed the authorities and drew from them the following epitome: ‘Where the stipulations are mutual and dependent—that is, where the deed is to be delivered upon the payment of the price—an actual tender and demand by one party is necessary to put the other in default, and to cut off his right to treat the contract as still subsisting.’ ”
Here obviously actual tender and demand was necessary before defendants could be in default and plaintiff in a position to demand specific performance, assuming the performance he demands is in accordance with the terms of the contract. Here, however, the performance plaintiff demands is not in accordance with the terms of the contract. Had plaintiff tendered the $75,000 plus interest, it would have been entitled only to receive a warranty deed and have defendant accept its deed of trust for the balance of the purchase price. Then, and only after the pay
In our view of the case, the court should have granted defendants’ motion for summary judgment.
Reversed.
Dissenting Opinion
dissenting:
I agree with the majority’s view of the meaning of the contract as it relates to the release of land from the operation of the deed of trust upon the payment of additional sums by plaintiff.
I do not agree that the judge erred when he declined to grant summary judgment in favor of defendant and thereby dismiss plaintiff’s action to enforce the contract “according to the terms thereof,” damages or other relief. We are not dealing with an option to purchase but with a contract of purchase and sale where, ordinarily, time is not of the essence. Moreover, plaintiff, according to the affidavits, went into possession under the contract of sale shortly after its execution on 25 September 1972 and has expended over $160,000.00 in development of the property. Plaintiff’s failure to pay the additional $75,000.00 on 1- March 1973, whether prompted by a dispute over the terms of the contract, the existence of unsatisfied liens against the property or other reasons, did not, as a matter of law, constitute an abandonment of the contract and did not entitle defendants, on 28 March 1973, to “cancel” the contract without reasonable and formal notice to plaintiff that if plaintiff did not fulfill its obligations, defendants would not consider themselves bound.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- ACTION DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION v. HENRY D. WOODALL and Wife, EVALYN M. WOODALL
- Cited By
- 7 cases
- Status
- Published