State v. Collins
State v. Collins
Opinion of the Court
Defendant questions the sufficiency of the evidence as a matter of law to convict him of the crime of incest. The trial court did not err in refusing to direct a verdict in defendant’s favor for the evidence, when taken in the light most favorable to the State, is sufficient to take to the jury. The evidence shows that Brenda Sue Taylor, age fifteen, is the stepdaughter of defendant who was married to her mother on 20 December 1973. Brenda Sue attended and witnessed the wedding. She lived with her mother and stepfather. On Saturday, 4 March 1978, Brenda Sue awoke, dressed and went into her parents’ bedroom to watch television between 7:00 and 7:30 a.m. She found her mother, stepfather and younger sister already watching television. Her stepfather told her younger sister to go feed her pet goat. He told her mother to go fix breakfast. After the others had left the room, he got up naked from the bed and walked to the door and closed it. He pulled Brenda Sue’s pants off and had sexual intercourse with her on the bed. Brenda Sue’s younger sister on returning to the house from feeding her pet goat passed the bedroom window and observed her stepfather and sister engaged in intercourse. Defendant had been having sexual intercourse with Brenda Sue since she was eleven years old. Testimony by Brenda Sue and her younger sister to this effect was corroborated by a school counselor and a social worker to whom the offense and other abuses in the home were first reported. This was sufficient proof
Defendant asserts the element of sexual intercourse was not proven. Brenda Sue testified defendant pushed her down on the bed and had intercourse with her. She described sexual intercourse as “a man putting his private parts into a girl’s private parts.” The weight to be given her testimony was for the jury.
We need only point out one further matter on this issue of sufficiency of the evidence. Because the marriage certificate for defendant and the mother of the girl with whom he allegedly had intercourse was not introduced, defendant contends the best evidence was not before the trial court. The contents or terms of the marriage certificate are not in question. The best evidence rule is inapplicable to this case. See 2 Stansbury, N.C. Evidence § 191 (Brandis rev. 1973).
Defendant contends the trial court should have quashed the warrant because he was not given a first appearance before a district court judge within ninety-six hours after being taken into custody in violation of G.S. 15A-601. The record shows defendant was taken into custody on 5 August 1978 and counsel was appointed 25 August. The record contains several references to testimony at an earlier hearing but no indication of a first appearance hearing. Even assuming no first appearance hearing or a failure to meet the necessary time requirements for such a hearing, G.S. 15A-601 does not prescribe mandatory procedures affecting the validity of a trial in the absence of showing some prejudice to the defendant in the violation of the statutory requirements. State v. Selph, 33 N.C. App. 157, 234 S.E. 2d 453 (1977); State v. Burgess, 33 N.C. App. 76, 234 S.E. 2d 40 (1977). In considering whether a criminal defendant is denied his constitutional rights of due process, assistance of counsel and confrontation of one’s accusers and the witnesses against him, no set length of time is guaranteed or required. Each case should be considered individually. See State v. McFadden, 292 N.C. 609, 234 S.E. 2d 742 (1977).
The charge to the jury permitted a finding of guilty of incest or not guilty. The defendant contends this was error and that the jury should have been instructed on lesser included offenses supported by the evidence. Defendant argues the crime of statutory rape set out in G.S. 14-26 is a lesser included offense. Although both crimes are felonies, incest carries a maximum sentence of fifteen years while statutory rape for a male carries a maximum sentence of ten years. G.S. 14-2, 14-26, 14-178. Statutory rape, however, is not a lesser included offense of incest. The gravamen of the crime of incest is intercourse between parties within the degree of relationship set out in the statute. Criminal incest does not involve the issues of age and virginity that are set out in G.S. 14-26, the statute defining the crime.
No error.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.