Oak Island Southwind Realty, Inc. v. Pruitt
Oak Island Southwind Realty, Inc. v. Pruitt
Opinion of the Court
We first consider the appeal of defendant Ralph Pruitt. He contends the trial court erred in entering summary judgment for plaintiff, arguing that the record discloses a genuine issue of material fact as to the existence of an oral contract.
The North Carolina Supreme Court has held that:
[S]ummary judgment may be granted for a party with the burden of proof on the basis of his own affidavits (1) when there are only latent doubts as to the affiant’s credibility; (2) when the opposing party has failed to introduce any materials supporting his opposition, failed to point to specific areas of impeachment and contradiction, and failed to utilize Rule 56(f); and (3) when summary judgment is otherwise appropriate.
Kidd v. Early, 289 N.C. 343, 370, 222 S.E. 2d 392, 410 (1976). Where the movant is the party with the burden of proof he must still succeed on the basis of his own materials in order to be entitled to summary judgment. Kidd v. Early, 289 N.C. 343, 222 S.E. 2d 392 (1976).
Defendant Ralph Pruitt argues that although the parol evidence rule prohibits the admission of evidence of prior or contemporaneous agreements or negotiations to contradict the terms of a
The parol evidence rule is a substantive rule of law and is stated as follows: “Any or all parts of a transaction prior to or contemporaneous with a writing intended to record them finally are superseded and made legally ineffective by the writing.” 2 Brandis, North Carolina Evidence (Second Rev. 1982), Sec. 251, p. 267. See also Realty, Inc. v. Coffey, 41 N.C. App. 112, 115, 254 S.E. 2d 184, 186 (1979). When a final writing is executed or “integrated” all prior or contemporaneous negotiations or agreements, whether written or oral, are said to be “merged” into the writing. The writing then becomes the exclusive source of the parties’ rights and obligations with respect to the particular transaction. 2 Brandis, North Carolina Evidence (Second Rev. 1982), Sec. 251, pp. 267-68.
The facts of Realty, Inc. v. Coffey, 41 N.C. App. 112, 254 S.E. 2d 184 (1979) are similar to the facts in the present case. There plaintiff, a realty company, filed an action to recover a commission from the sale of certain real estate owned by defendants pursuant to a written exclusive listing contract. Defendants had allowed a second broker to sell the property and refused to pay plaintiff a commission. Defendants attempted to contradict the written listing contract with evidence that plaintiff and defendants had allegedly reached an agreement before the written contract was signed, to the effect that defendants could use a second broker and would not be liable to plaintiff if the second broker was the first to find a buyer.
The Court held that since the factual situation presented parol evidence which directly contradicted the provisions of the written instrument and none of the exceptions to the rule applied, the trial court properly excluded the parol evidence. The Court further stated that “the parol evidence rule evolved to lend stability to written contracts and prevent their upheaval in situations precisely like this.” Id. at 116, 254 S.E. 2d at 186.
Next, we consider whether summary judgment for plaintiff against defendant Betty Pruitt was proper. This defendant filed no answer. The answer filed by Ralph Pruitt did not purport to be an answer for Betty Pruitt. Plaintiff did not seek a default judgment against defendant Betty Pruitt but undertook instead to seek summary judgment against her under Rule 56 of the North Carolina Rules of Civil Procedure.
Rule 56(a) provides:
For Claimant. A party seeking to recover upon a claim, counterclaim, or crossclaim or to obtain a declaratory judgment may, at any time after the expiration of 30 days from the commencement of the action or after service of a motion*475 for summary judgment by the adverse party, move with or without supporting affidavits for a summary judgment in his favor upon all or any part thereof.
Rule 56(c) states that a motion for summary judgment “shall be served at least 10 days before the time fixed for the hearing.” The notice required by Rule 56 is procedural notice as distinguished from constitutional notice required by the law of the land and due process of law. Raintree Corp. v. Rowe, 38 N.C. App. 664, 248 S.E. 2d 904 (1978). Thus we hold that under the circumstances of this case it was incumbent upon plaintiff to serve notice to defendant Betty Pruitt pursuant to Rule 4 of the North Carolina Rules of Civil Procedure. Betty Pruitt was and is a resident of North Carolina. Therefore she could have been served with notice of plaintiffs motion for summary judgment pursuant to Rule 4(j)(l). Plaintiff apparently did undertake to have defendant Betty Pruitt served pursuant to Rule 4(j)(l) which states that the manner of service of process upon a natural person shall be as follows:
a. By delivering a copy of the summons and of the complaint to him or by leaving copies thereof at the defendant’s dwelling house or usual place of abode with some person of suitable age and discretion then residing therein; or
b. By delivering a copy of the summons and of the complaint to an agent authorized by appointment or by law to be served or to accept service of process or by serving process upon such agent or the party in a manner specified by any statute.
c. By mailing a copy of the summons and of the complaint, registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, addressed to the party to be served, and delivering to the addressee.
The record does not disclose that notice was sent to Betty Pruitt’s dwelling house or usual place of abode and left with a person of suitable age and discretion. There is nothing in the record to indicate that notice was addressed and mailed to Betty Pruitt and delivered to the addressee. There is also nothing in the record to show that notice was served on Betty Pruitt by delivering a copy to an agent authorized by appointment or by law. The receipt for certified mail included in the record states
The judgment for plaintiff against defendant Ralph Pruitt is affirmed; judgment against defendant Betty Pruitt is vacated, and the cause is remanded for further proceedings.
Affirmed in part and vacated and remanded in part.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- OAK ISLAND SOUTHWIND REALTY, INC. v. RALPH EDWARD PRUITT and wife, BETTY B. PRUITT
- Cited By
- 2 cases
- Status
- Published