Abrams v. Surrette
Abrams v. Surrette
Opinion of the Court
State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company (State Farm), an unnamed defendant in this action, appeals from the trial court’s
The record reveals that Jeffrey Scott Abrams (Abrams) and Dianne M. Abrams (plaintiffs) sued defendant for personal injuries sustained by Abrams during an automobile accident with defendant. Surrette answered plaintiffs’ complaint and alleged contributory negligence. Because plaintiffs believed defendant to be uninsured, plaintiffs also served State Farm, plaintiffs’ uninsured motorist insurance carrier, with a civil summons. State Farm also filed an answer, “in its own name, as an unnamed defendant,” pursuant to N.C. Gen. Stat. § 20-279.21(b)(3)(a). In State Farm’s answer it denied that Surrette was negligent and alleged in the alternative that Abrams was contrib-utorily negligent. Plaintiffs filed a reply alleging that Surrette had the last clear chance, thus contending that any negligence by Abrams would not be a complete bar.
On 7 February 1994, after Surrette failed to provide complete answers to plaintiffs interrogatories, the trial court ordered that “Defendant shall provide full verified answers to Plaintiffs’ interrogatories within fifteen days.” Subsequently, on 4 April 1994, plaintiffs moved for sanctions against defendant for failure to comply with the trial court’s earlier “Order to Compel and Sanctions.” After a hearing on this motion, the trial court ordered “[t]hat Defendant’s defenses be stricken in this case and that liability is hereby conclusively established against Defendant,” as sanctions for failure to comply with his order.
The issue is whether the express prohibition against entry of a default judgment in N.C. Gen. Stat. § 20-279.21(b)(3)(a) prohibits a trial court from entering a sanction, pursuant to N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1A-1, Rule 37, establishing an uninsured motorist’s liability as a matter of law.
The “North Carolina Motor Vehicle Safety and Financial Responsibility Act of 1953” (the Act) provides that “[n]o default judgment shall be entered when the insurer has timely filed an answer or other pleading as required by law.” N.C.G.S. § 20-279.21(b)(3)(a) (1993). Nonetheless, the plaintiffs argue that this language does not prohibit the trial court from using Rule 37 to strike Surrette’s answer and establish his liability to plaintiffs for his failure to “provide or permit discovery.” N.C.G.S. § 1A-1, Rule 37(b)(2)(c) (1990). We disagree.
In this case Surrette, the uninsured motorist, failed to comply with orders of the trial court to supply answers to the plaintiffs’ interrogatories and as a consequence Surrette’s answer was stricken and “liability conclusively established against” Surrette. This order conclusively establishing Surrette’s liability also established State Farm’s liability, even though they had filed a timely answer contesting the issue of negligence and alleging the contributory negligence of Abrams. The order thus precluded State Farm from presenting its defenses, is inconsistent with Section 20-279.21(b)(3)(a) and must be reversed.
The trial court, however, is not without other remedies to effectuate compliance with its order to supply discovery. Rule 37 for example permits the trial court to treat the conduct of Surrette as “a contempt of court,” N.C.G.S. § 1A-1, Rule 37(b)(2)(d), and to “require the party failing to obey the order to pay the reasonable expenses, including attorney’s fees, caused by the failure.” N.C.G.S. § 1A-1, Rule 37(b)(2).
Accordingly, the trial court’s order is reversed and this case is remanded for entry of new sanctions.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.