Patterson v. Whittier

The note which James Clark, the intestate, originally held against the defendant, was given up, and another note in the place of it was, at the request of the parties, given by him to William W. Clark, who now holds it. This, it is said, constitutes no defence to the present action, brought by James Clark’s administrator, to recover the debt for which the two notes were successively given, because the assignment of the debt by the intestate, to William W. Clark, was collusive, and made for the fraudulent purpose of defeating the creditors of the former, by concealing from them the property which should have gone towards paying them. It is said that this state of facts would constitute, on the part of the defendant, a defence to any action which William W. Clark might bring to recover the amount of the note which he holds, so that he would stand in no danger of having twice to pay the same debt.

By the statute of 13 Elizabeth, ch. 5, the assignment of the debt by the intestate to William W. Clark, for the purpose surmised, would, without doubt, be held void, as against the creditors, and it need not be controverted that in an action brought by William W. Clark against this defendant, for the purpose of perfecting such unlawful object, the facts admitted between the present parties might, if they could be proved, be set up as a defence.

But the defendant is wholly guiltless of the unlawful designs of the two Clarks. He was entirely ignorant of the motives or of the considerations which rendered it convenient for them to make the exchange of the notes, nor was it, in any point of view, his duty or his business to know or to *195inquire. For a consideration unquestionably valid in law, he has given his note to William W. Clark, and as there was nothing that should have induced him to suspect that the transaction was designed, or that it tended, to injure and defraud others, it would seem to be unreasonable to put him to the expense and hazard of setting up a defence founded on facts, perhaps difficult of proof, and liable to become more so, by the death of witnesses and other casualties, which may intervene before an action may be commenced for the recovery of that note. It does not appear but there may be matters of mutual account between the defendant and William W. Clark, or partial payments, not indorsed upon the note, or the like, which would make it extremely inequitable that the defendant should be charged in the present suit, upon the plea that the facts admitted would furnish a defence in the other.

In short, there is nothing to distinguish this case from any other, in which, for the convenience of the parties, a debt is transferred from one to another, and the note held by the first creditor is delivered up, upon the debtor executing a note to the new party who assumes the relation of creditor, in the place of the first. The creditors of James Clark, who have been,.incidentally and without the fault or negligence of the defendant, deprived of their just remedies, must seek their restoration in some form which does not menace with injustice an innocent party.

Judgment for the defendant for costs.